Prospective Cohort Trial of Euphrasia Single-Dose Eye Drops in Conjunctivitis

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 499-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Stoss ◽  
Christoph Michels ◽  
Ellen Peter ◽  
Ramona Beutke ◽  
Robert William Gorter
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Eye Drops

scholarly journals Bio-Distribution and Pharmacokinetics of Topically Administered γ-Cyclodextrin Based Eye Drops in Rabbits

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 480
Author(s):  
Martin Kallab ◽  
Kornelia Schuetzenberger ◽  
Nikolaus Hommer ◽  
Bhavapriya Jasmin Schäfer ◽  
Doreen Schmidl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Drug Concentration ◽  
Vitreous Humor ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Corneal Tissue ◽  
Single Administration ◽  
Local Tolerability ◽  
Dose Administration ◽  
Retinal Tissue

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ocular pharmacokinetics, bio-distribution and local tolerability of γ-cyclodextrin (γCD) based irbesartan 1.5% eye drops and candesartan 0.15% eye drops after single and multiple topical administration in rabbit eyes. In this randomized, controlled study, a total number of 59 New Zealand White albino rabbits were consecutively assigned to two study groups. Group 1 (n = 31) received irbesartan 1.5% and group 2 (n = 28) candesartan 0.15% eye drops. In both groups, single dose and multiple administration pharmacokinetic studies were performed. Rabbits were euthanized at five predefined time points after single-dose administration, whereas multiple-dose animals were dosed for 5 days twice-daily and then euthanized 1 h after the last dose administration. Drug concentration was measured by using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in the retinal tissue, vitreous humor, aqueous humor, corneal tissue and in venous blood samples. Pharmacokinetic parameters including maximal drug concentration (Cmax), time of maximal drug concentration (Tmax), half-life and AUC were calculated. To assess local tolerability, six additional rabbits received 1.5% irbesartan eye drops twice daily in one eye for 28 days. Tolerability was assessed using a modified Draize test and corneal sensibility by Cochet Bonnet esthesiometry. Both γCD based eye drops were rapidly absorbed and distributed in the anterior and posterior ocular tissues. Within 0.5 h after single administration, the Cmax of irbesartan and candesartan in retinal tissue was 251 ± 142 ng/g and 63 ± 39 ng/g, respectively. In the vitreous humor, a Cmax of 14 ± 16 ng/g for irbesartan was reached 0.5 h after instillation while Cmax was below 2 ng/g for candesartan. For multiple dosing, the observed Cmean in retinal tissue was 338 ± 124 ng/g for irbesartan and 36 ± 10 ng/g for candesartan, whereas mean vitreous humor concentrations were 13 ± 5 ng/g and <2 ng/g, respectively. The highest plasma concentrations of both irbesartan (Cmax 5.64 ± 4.08 ng/mL) and candesartan (Cmax 4.32 ± 1.04 ng/mL) were reached 0.5 h (Tmax) after single administration. Local tolerability was favorable with no remarkable differences between the treated and the control eyes. These results indicate that irbesartan and candesartan in γCD based nanoparticle eye drops can be delivered to the retinal tissue of the rabbit’s eye in pharmacologically relevant concentrations. Moreover, safety and tolerability profiles appear to be favorable in the rabbit animal model.

Treatment of persistent epithelial defects with single-dose autologous serum eye drops

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110483
Author(s):  
Selma Özbek-Uzman ◽  
Züleyha Yalnız-Akkaya ◽  
Evin Şingar Özdemir ◽  
Ayşe Burcu
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Autologous Serum ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Artificial Tears ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Preservative Free ◽  
Serum Eye Drops

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of single-dose autologous serum eye drops (ASEDs) for treatment of persistent corneal epithelial defects (PEDs). Methods: About 34 eyes of 26 patients treated from March 2016 to May 2020 with a single dose of ASEDs for PEDs that did not respond to conventional treatment were retrospectively evaluated. Patient demographics, predisposing factors, size, and duration of the PED, duration of treatment, and dosage of ASEDs, PED healing time, success rate of the ASED treatment, and follow-up time after the onset of ASED treatment were recorded. Autologous serum eye drops (20%) were prepared by diluting the serum with preservative-free artificial tears in single-dose vials. Vials were stored at −20°C and used daily after dissolving. Results: The mean patient age was 47.0 ± 18.5 years, and 13 (50%) of the patients were male. The most common indication for ASEDs was PED after keratoplasty. The mean duration of ASED treatment was 8.5 ± 6.3 months, and mean follow-up time was 22.8 ± 12.2 months. Autologous serum eye drop treatment was effective in 25 (73.5%) eyes and partially effective in 5 (14.7%) eyes. None of the eyes displayed complications related to the treatment. Conclusion: In patients with PED for whom conservative treatment is insufficient, ASEDs prepared by dilution with preservative-free artificial tears in single-dose vials and administered based on the daily use principle appear to be effective and safe.

scholarly journals A Prospective Cohort Study Comparing the Effect of Single-Dose 2 g Metronidazole on Trichomonas vaginalis Infection in HIV-Seropositive Versus HIV-Seronegative Women

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 499-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. Balkus ◽  
Barbra A. Richardson ◽  
Vernon Mochache ◽  
Vrasha Chohan ◽  
Jeannie D. Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Hiv Seropositive

scholarly journals Single-dose SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in a prospective cohort of COVID-19 patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marit J. van Gils ◽  
Hugo D.G. Willegen ◽  
Elke Wynberg ◽  
Alvin X. Han ◽  
Karlijn van der Straten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Credible Interval ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Vaccine Response ◽  
Vaccine Strategy ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Antibody Titers

Background The urgent need for, but limited availability of, SARS-CoV-2 vaccines worldwide has led to widespread consideration of dose sparing strategies, particularly single vaccine dosing of individuals with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods We evaluated SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody responses following a single-dose of BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) mRNA vaccine in 155 previously SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals participating in a population-based prospective cohort study of COVID-19 patients. Participants varied widely in age, comorbidities, COVID-19 severity and time since infection, ranging from 1 to 15 months. Serum antibody titers were determined at time of vaccination and one week after vaccination. Responses were compared to those in SARS-CoV-2-naive health care workers after two BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine doses. Results Within one week of vaccination, IgG antibody levels to virus spike and RBD proteins increased 27 to 29-fold and neutralizing antibody titers increased 12-fold, exceeding titers of fully vaccinated SARS-CoV-2-naive controls (95% credible interval (CrI): 0.56 to 0.67 v. control 95% CrI: -0.16 to -0.02). Pre-vaccination neutralizing antibody titers had the largest positive mean effect size on titers following vaccination (95% CrI (0.16 to 0.45)). COVID-19 severity, the presence of comorbidities and the time interval between infection and vaccination had no discernible impact on vaccine response. Conclusion A single dose of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine up to 15 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection provides neutralizing titers exceeding two vaccine doses in previously uninfected individuals. These findings support wide implementation of a single-dose mRNA vaccine strategy after prior SARS-CoV-2 infection.

scholarly journals Outcome of azithromycin treatment of active trachoma in Omani schoolchildren

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1026-1033
Author(s):  
R. Khandekar ◽  
A. J. Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
School Children ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Active Trachoma ◽  
Infection Cycles ◽  
Oral Azithromycin

A prospective cohort study was made of 386 first-grade primary-school children in Oman with active trachoma and 386 matched controls without trachoma. All children were educated about trachoma prevention. In addition, trachoma cases were treated with a single dose of oral azithromycin [20 mg/kg]. Trachoma status was evaluated after 6 weeks, 6 months and 12 months. The follicles and inflammatory signs of active trachoma resolved 6 weeks or more after azithromycin treatment. The protection against subsequent trachoma infection cycles was optimal at 6 months [85.2% of cases, 99.0% of controls infection-free] but declined at 12 months [66.7% of cases, 98.2% of controls infection-free]. Clinical evaluation seems to be a useful tool to evaluate the response of azithromycin to active trachoma cases in schoolchildren in a country with limited resources

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