Metoprolol eye drops in the treatment of glaucoma a double-blind single-dose trial of a beta1-adrenergic bloking drug

1978 ◽  
Vol 206 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. E. Ros ◽  
C. L. Dake ◽  
N. J. D. Nagelkerke ◽  
E. L. Greve
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Dose Trial

Longer analgesic effect with naproxen sodium than ibuprofen in post-surgical dental pain: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-dose trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 2149-2158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen A. Cooper ◽  
Paul Desjardins ◽  
Patrick Brain ◽  
Alberto Paredes-Diaz ◽  
Emanuel Troullos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Naproxen Sodium ◽  
Dental Pain ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Dose Trial

scholarly journals Bio-Distribution and Pharmacokinetics of Topically Administered γ-Cyclodextrin Based Eye Drops in Rabbits

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 480
Author(s):  
Martin Kallab ◽  
Kornelia Schuetzenberger ◽  
Nikolaus Hommer ◽  
Bhavapriya Jasmin Schäfer ◽  
Doreen Schmidl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Drug Concentration ◽  
Vitreous Humor ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Corneal Tissue ◽  
Single Administration ◽  
Local Tolerability ◽  
Dose Administration ◽  
Retinal Tissue

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ocular pharmacokinetics, bio-distribution and local tolerability of γ-cyclodextrin (γCD) based irbesartan 1.5% eye drops and candesartan 0.15% eye drops after single and multiple topical administration in rabbit eyes. In this randomized, controlled study, a total number of 59 New Zealand White albino rabbits were consecutively assigned to two study groups. Group 1 (n = 31) received irbesartan 1.5% and group 2 (n = 28) candesartan 0.15% eye drops. In both groups, single dose and multiple administration pharmacokinetic studies were performed. Rabbits were euthanized at five predefined time points after single-dose administration, whereas multiple-dose animals were dosed for 5 days twice-daily and then euthanized 1 h after the last dose administration. Drug concentration was measured by using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in the retinal tissue, vitreous humor, aqueous humor, corneal tissue and in venous blood samples. Pharmacokinetic parameters including maximal drug concentration (Cmax), time of maximal drug concentration (Tmax), half-life and AUC were calculated. To assess local tolerability, six additional rabbits received 1.5% irbesartan eye drops twice daily in one eye for 28 days. Tolerability was assessed using a modified Draize test and corneal sensibility by Cochet Bonnet esthesiometry. Both γCD based eye drops were rapidly absorbed and distributed in the anterior and posterior ocular tissues. Within 0.5 h after single administration, the Cmax of irbesartan and candesartan in retinal tissue was 251 ± 142 ng/g and 63 ± 39 ng/g, respectively. In the vitreous humor, a Cmax of 14 ± 16 ng/g for irbesartan was reached 0.5 h after instillation while Cmax was below 2 ng/g for candesartan. For multiple dosing, the observed Cmean in retinal tissue was 338 ± 124 ng/g for irbesartan and 36 ± 10 ng/g for candesartan, whereas mean vitreous humor concentrations were 13 ± 5 ng/g and <2 ng/g, respectively. The highest plasma concentrations of both irbesartan (Cmax 5.64 ± 4.08 ng/mL) and candesartan (Cmax 4.32 ± 1.04 ng/mL) were reached 0.5 h (Tmax) after single administration. Local tolerability was favorable with no remarkable differences between the treated and the control eyes. These results indicate that irbesartan and candesartan in γCD based nanoparticle eye drops can be delivered to the retinal tissue of the rabbit’s eye in pharmacologically relevant concentrations. Moreover, safety and tolerability profiles appear to be favorable in the rabbit animal model.

scholarly journals A phase IIa proof-of-concept, placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, crossover, single-dose clinical trial of a new class of bronchodilator for acute asthma

Trials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Swystun ◽  
Francis H. Y. Green ◽  
John H. Dennis ◽  
Emmanouil Rampakakis ◽  
Gurkeet Lalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Acute Asthma ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
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