Present-Day Genetic Correlations and Testing the Aerobic Capacity Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 184 (6) ◽  
pp. 802-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack P. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Capacity Model

A comparison of alternative genetic models for litter size in pigs

1996 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pérez-Enciso ◽  
J. P. Bidanel ◽  
I. Baquedano ◽  
J. L. Noguera
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Threshold Model ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Estimates ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Large White ◽  
Threshold Trait ◽  
Capacity Model ◽  
Successive Generations

AbstractPredictions of two models were compared. The models relate ovulation rate (OR) and prenatal survival (PS) to litter size (LS): the uterine capacity model (UCM), where maximum LS is limited by uterine capacity (UC), and the threshold model (TM) whereby PS is modelled as a binary threshold trait. Records were simulated according to both models using statistics from Trench Large White gilts. Both models were able to reproduce closely the observed curvilinear relationship between OR and LS, with LS reaching a plateau at high OR. Several genetic correlations (ρg) fulfilling the conditions h20R = 0·34 and h2LS = 0·12 (the residual maximum likelihood estimates in the population) were studied by means of stochastic computer simulation. The genetic correlation between OR and LS was very sensitive to changes in h2uc, whereas ρgLS,PS was always positive, and ρgOR,PS was always negative. The correlation between PS and UC was larger than 0·90, except for very small h2UC This suggests that genes affecting PS have a strong influence on UC and that PS can be a good indirect criterion to select for UC. Both models predicted that the advantage of an index combining OR and LS with respect to direct selection on LS diminishes in successive generations of selection and that the size of the experiment needed to detect significant differences is very large. Records were also simulated by halving the mean and variance of UC, so as to mimic unilateral hysterectomy-ovariectomy (UHO). If the UHO treatment results in halving UC, LS of UHO females should behave very much as half the UC of intact females.

scholarly journals Intraspecific Correlations of Basal and Maximal Metabolic Rates in Birds and the Aerobic Capacity Model for the Evolution of Endothermy

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. e34271 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Swanson ◽  
Nathan E. Thomas ◽  
Eric T. Liknes ◽  
Sheldon J. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Capacity Model

scholarly journals Proportionality of Anthropometric and Physical Fitness Performance on Youth Aerobic Capacity Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Bisyri Husin Musawi Maliki ◽  
Mohamad Razali Abdullah ◽  
Alyani Ghani ◽  
Rabiu Muazu Musa ◽  
Norlaila Azura Kosni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Capacity Model

Phylogenetic Analysis Supports the Aerobic-Capacity Model for the Evolution of Endothermy

2017 ◽  
Vol 189 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto F. Nespolo ◽  
Jaiber J. Solano-Iguaran ◽  
Francisco Bozinovic
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Capacity Model

Individual variation in metabolic traits of wild nine-banded armadillos(Dasypus novemcinctus), and the aerobic capacity model for the evolution of endothermy

2002 ◽  
Vol 205 (20) ◽  
pp. 3207-3214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrice Boily
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Dasypus Novemcinctus ◽  
Functional Link ◽  
Metabolic Traits ◽  
Capacity Model ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Predicted Values

SUMMARYA fundamental assumption of the aerobic capacity model for the evolution of endothermy is that basal (BMR) and peak (PMR) metabolic rates are functionally linked at the intraspecific level. The purpose of this study was to use the nine-banded armadillo Dasypus novemcinctus as a model to test this assumption. Measurements of BMR, PMR, mass and rectal temperature were obtained over two summers from wild, adult individuals from a population in Louisiana, USA. BMR and PMR were positively correlated (r=0.62), and both were significantly higher (by 46% for BMR and by 35% for PMR) in 1999 than in 1998. Similar results were obtained whether metabolic rates were expressed in whole-animal or mass-independent units. These results suggest the existence of a functional link between BMR and PMR and are therefore consistent with the aerobic capacity model. In addition, this study confirmed that, compared with most eutherian mammals, the nine-banded armadillo exhibits low and highly variable basal and peak metabolic rates (20-60% the predicted values; 23% and 27% coefficients of variation) and rectal temperatures (range 32.7-35.3°C). Such metabolic traits are, however, consistent with the general pattern previously observed for other members of the order Xenarthra and with the hypothesis that low metabolic rates in armored mammals evolved as a result of unbalanced selection in which, because of low predation risks,selection for a high aerobic capacity was much weaker than the opposing selection for energy conservation.

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