Analysis of Epidemic and Endemic Isolates of Xanthomonas maltophilia by Contour-Clamped Homogeneous Electric Field Gel Electrophoresis

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 691-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn VanCouwenberghe ◽  
Stuart Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Homogeneous Electric Field ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Xanthomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Intensive Care Nursery ◽  
Mode Of Transmission ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

AbstractBackground:Xanthomonas maltophiliais increasingly a cause of nosocomial infections. The mode of transmission of this organism is not well known.Objective:To investigate clonality ofX maltophiliaisolates in epidemic and endemic settings.Methods:An outbreak ofX maltophiliawas noted in the Intensive Care Nursery (ICN). Over the ensuing 9 months, hospitalwide isolates ofX maltophiliawere analyzed using contour-clamped homogeneous electric field (CHEF) gel electrophoresis of chromosomal DNA. This method was compared with the antibiogram for detecting differences and similarities among strains.Results:X maltophiliawas recovered from 76 sites in 72 patients; 65 isolates from 61 patients and the hands of one nurse were available for analysis. CHEF demonstrated differences between most epidemiologically unrelated strains and similarity between most epidemiologically related strains. Several strains, initially presumed to be related because of temporal and spatial proximity of the patients involved, were determined by CHEF analysis to be independent infections. One pair of isolates whoseXbalCHEF patterns differed by a single band were differentiated clearly by Sspl. There was enough variation in the minimum inhibitory concentrations of selected antibiotics to allow typing of some strains. The antibiogram, however, did not group all of the ICN outbreak isolates with others found to be genetically identical by CHEF and it grouped 39 of 56 isolates with others not genetically the same.Conclusions:Although it is a convenient and economical tool, the antibiogram has limitations. Analysis by CHEF should help to elucidate the epidemiological spread ofX maltophiliain the hospital.

scholarly journals An electrophoretic karyotype of Neurospora crassa.

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1469-1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Orbach ◽  
D Vollrath ◽  
R W Davis ◽  
C Yanofsky
Keyword(s):  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Electrophoretic Karyotype ◽  
Dna Molecules ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Homogeneous Electric Field ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Molecular Karyotype ◽  
Electrophoresis System

A molecular karyotype of Neurospora crassa was obtained by using an alternating-field gel electrophoresis system which employs contour-clamped homogeneous electric fields. The migration of all seven N. crassa chromosomal DNAs was defined, and five of the seven molecules were separated from one another. The estimated sizes of these molecules, based on their migration relative to Schizosaccharomyces pombe chromosomal DNA molecules, are 4 to 12.6 megabases. The seven linkage groups were correlated with specific chromosomal DNA bands by hybridizing transfers of contour-clamped homogeneous electric field gels with radioactive probes specific to each linkage group. The mobilities of minichromosomal DNAs generated from translocation strains were also examined. The methods used for preparation of chromosomal DNA molecules and the conditions for their separation should be applicable to other filamentous fungi.

scholarly journals Electrophoretic analysis of Histoplasma capsulatum chromosomal DNA.

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 983-987 ◽  
Author(s):  
P E Steele ◽  
G F Carle ◽  
G S Kobayashi ◽  
G Medoff
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Electrophoretic Analysis ◽  
Considerable Variability ◽  
Dna Molecules ◽  
Homogeneous Electric Field ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Agarose Gels ◽  
Minimum Estimate

Seven chromosome-sized DNA molecules in the Downs strain of Histoplasma capsulatum were resolved by using chromosome-specific DNA probes in blot hybridizations of contour-clamped homogeneous electric field (CHEF) and field-inversion gel electrophoresis (FIGE) agarose gels. The sizes of the chromosomal DNA bands extended from that of the largest Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome to beyond that of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe chromosomes. Under our experimental conditions, the order of the five largest DNA bands was inverted in the FIGE gel relative to the CHEF gel, demonstrating a characteristic of FIGE whereby large DNA molecules may have greater rather than lesser mobility with increasing size. Comparison of the Downs strain with other H. capsulatum strains by CHEF and FIGE analysis revealed considerable variability in band mobility. The resolution of seven chromosome-sized DNA molecules in the Downs strain provides a minimum estimate of the chromosome number.

Electrophoretic analysis of Histoplasma capsulatum chromosomal DNA

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 983-987
Author(s):  
P E Steele ◽  
G F Carle ◽  
G S Kobayashi ◽  
G Medoff
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Electrophoretic Analysis ◽  
Considerable Variability ◽  
Dna Molecules ◽  
Homogeneous Electric Field ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Agarose Gels ◽  
Minimum Estimate

Seven chromosome-sized DNA molecules in the Downs strain of Histoplasma capsulatum were resolved by using chromosome-specific DNA probes in blot hybridizations of contour-clamped homogeneous electric field (CHEF) and field-inversion gel electrophoresis (FIGE) agarose gels. The sizes of the chromosomal DNA bands extended from that of the largest Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome to beyond that of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe chromosomes. Under our experimental conditions, the order of the five largest DNA bands was inverted in the FIGE gel relative to the CHEF gel, demonstrating a characteristic of FIGE whereby large DNA molecules may have greater rather than lesser mobility with increasing size. Comparison of the Downs strain with other H. capsulatum strains by CHEF and FIGE analysis revealed considerable variability in band mobility. The resolution of seven chromosome-sized DNA molecules in the Downs strain provides a minimum estimate of the chromosome number.

Rapid Protocol for Characterizing Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates by Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) in Contour Clamped Homogeneous Electric Field (CHEF) Minigels

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Maribel Santiago Rodríguez ◽  
Juan C. Bravata Alcántara ◽  
Juan C. Martínez Briseño ◽  
Eduardo Díaz Escamilla ◽  
Ileana A. Cortes Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Homogeneous Electric Field ◽  
Pulsed Field
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