The Use of a Selective Staphylococcal Broth v Direct Plating for the Recovery of Staphylococcus aureus

1988 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 204-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.L. Sautter ◽  
W.J. Brown ◽  
L.H. Mattman
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Direct Plating ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Sheep Blood ◽  
Surveillance Cultures

AbstractNine hundred seventy-two cultures taken from the external nares and the vaginal vestibules of 54 women for the isolation of Staphylococcus aureus were studied. The swabs were plated directly to a trypticase soy agar plate containing 5% sheep blood and were then placed into a selective staphylococcal broth. Both culture methods were compared for the ability to recover S aureus.Twenty percent (26/131) and 66% (38/58) of the S aureus-positive cultures taken from the nares and vagina respectively were cultured from the selective broth only. We believe that a selective staphylococcal broth should be used in addition to routine culture techniques to isolate S aureus from infection control surveillance cultures.

scholarly journals Comparing the Yield of Staphylococcus aureus Recovery with Static versus Agitated Broth Incubation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Carol E. Muenks ◽  
Patrick G. Hogan ◽  
Carey-Ann D. Burnham ◽  
Stephanie A. Fritz
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Enrichment Culture ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Semiquantitative Assessment ◽  
Direct Plating ◽  
Static Conditions ◽  
Broth Enrichment

Given the lack of standardization of methodologies for microbial recovery from built environments, we sought to compare the yield of Staphylococcus aureus with a broth enrichment method when incubated in agitated versus static conditions. Five unique strains of S. aureus at five different concentrations were cultured to compare direct plating, agitated broth enrichment, and static broth enrichment culture methods. All samples were incubated at 35° in ambient air. The lowest concentration recovered across three replicates and five strains did not differ between culture methods (Fisher’s exact test, p=0.50); notably, recovery of S. aureus was equivalent between static and agitated broth incubation. When broth enrichment was used (both static and agitated), the burden of S. aureus growth was higher (by semiquantitative assessment of 4-quadrant streaking) compared to the direct plating culture method. Optimizing strategies for microbial recovery is essential, particularly in areas of lower biomass, given the paucity of research concerning microbial communities of built environments. The results of this study, in conjunction with other experiments investigating microbiomes of built environments, can help inform protocols for standardizing culturing methods within built environments.

scholarly journals The evaluation of MRSA surveillance cultures by the number and combinations of anatomical sites

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Irena Grmek Kosnik ◽  
Alenka Storman ◽  
Ziva Petrovic ◽  
Slavica Robnik ◽  
Urska Dermota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Medical Microbiology ◽  
Surveillance Cultures ◽  
Health Institutions

AbstractIntroductionThe identification of patients infected and/or colonised by methicillin resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) is necessary for the timely introduction of measures for infection control. We compared the diagnostic efficacy of combinations of MRSA surveillance swabs routinely taken by health institutions in the country.MethodsAll surveillance samples, which were sent for a microbiological analysis to detect MRSA with the culture method in 2014, in the three departments for medical microbiology of the National Laboratory for Health, Environment and Food, were included in this study.ResultsAmong 65,251 surveillance cultures from 13,274 persons, 1,233 (2.1%) were positive (490 positive persons). Prevailing positive surveillance cultures were throat swabs (31.3%), followed by nose swab (31.2%), skin swab (18.9%), perineum (16.4%) and wound swabs (1.4%). The contribution of other samples, such as aspirate, urine and excreta, was under 1%. We found no statistically significant differences in the frequency of detection of a positive patient, if the combination of samples NTS (nose, throat, skin) or NTP (nose, throat, perineum) was analysed. However, statistically significant differences were confirmed when any of the anatomic sites would be omitted from the sets of NTP and NTS (chi square; p<0.01). Adding additional samples resulted in only 24 additional positive patients (4.9%).ConclusionsThe results indicate that increasing the number of surveillance cultures above three does not add much to the sensitivity of MRSA surveillance, the exception could be wound. The swabs from the perineum and from the skin are exchangeable.

Impact of an Aggressive Infection Control Strategy on Endemic Staphylococcus aureus Infection in Liver Transplant Recipients

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Singh ◽  
Cheryl Squier ◽  
Cheryl Wannstedt ◽  
Lois Keyes ◽  
Marilyn M. Wagener ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Liver Transplant ◽  
Active Surveillance ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Surveillance Cultures ◽  
Liver Transplant Recipients

Background.Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has emerged as a leading pathogen in transplant recipients and has become endemic in many institutions where transplantation is performed. The role of active surveillance programs based on the detection of colonization in the prevention of S. aureus infection in liver transplant recipients has not been defined.Methods.A total of 47 consecutive patients who underwent liver transplantation during 1996-1999 were compared with 97 patients who received a liver transplant during 2000-2004 after implementation of an intensive intervention program that included use of surveillance cultures to detect nasal and rectal colonization, use of cohorting and contact isolation precautions, and decolonization with intranasal mupirocin therapy.Results.The rate of new acquisition of S. aureus colonization of nares after transplantation decreased from 45.6% (21 of 46 patients) during the preintervention period to 9.9% (9 of 91 patients) during the postintervention period (P< .001). An increased length of hospital stay (odds ratio, 1.03; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.05; P < .002) was associated with new carriage acquisition, and transplantation during the postintervention period (odds ratio, 0.21; 95% confidence interval, 0.08-0.51; P<.001) was independently protective against new carriage. The rate of infection due to S. aureus decreased from 40.4% (19 of 47 patients) during the preintervention period to 4.1% (4 of 97 patients) during the postintervention period (P<.001), and the rate of bacteremia decreased from 25.5% (12 of 47 patients) to 4.1% (4 of 97 patients), respectively (P< .001). Overall, S. aureus infections occurred more frequently among patients with new carriage than among patients who were carriers at the time of transplantation (P< .001) or patients who were noncarriers (P< .001).Conclusions.Use of active surveillance cultures to detect colonization and implementation of targeted infection control interventions proved to be effective in curtailing new acquisition of S. aureus colonization and in decreasing the rate of S. aureus infection that was endemic in our population of liver transplant recipients.

An Outbreak of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 317-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Saiman ◽  
Alicia Cronquist ◽  
Fann Wu ◽  
Juyan Zhou ◽  
David Rubenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Children's Hospital ◽  
Surveillance Cultures ◽  
Children’S Hospital ◽  
Incident Cases

AbstractObjective:To describe the epidemiologic and molecular investigations that successfully contained an outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).Design:Isolates of MRSA were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and S. aureus protein A (spa).Setting:A level III-IV, 45-bed NICU located in a children's hospital within a medical center.Patients:Incident cases had MRSA isolated from clinical cultures (eg, blood) or surveillance cultures (ie, anterior nares).Interventions:Infected and colonized infants were placed on contact precautions, cohorted, and treated with mupirocin. Surveillance cultures were performed for healthcare workers (HCWs). Colonized HCWs were treated with topical mupirocin and hexachlorophene showers.Results:From January to March 2001, the outbreak strain of MRSA PFGE clone B, was harbored by 13 infants. Three (1.3%) of 235 HCWs were colonized with MRSA. Two HCWs, who rotated between the adult and the pediatric facility, harbored clone C. One HCW, who exclusively worked in the children's hospital, was colonized with clone B. From January 1999 to November 2000, 22 patients hospitalized in the adult facility were infected or colonized with clone B. Spa typing and PFGE yielded concordant results. PFGE clone B was identified as spa type 16, associated with outbreaks in Brazil and Hungary.Conclusions:A possible route of MRSA transmission was elucidated by molecular typing. MRSA appears to have been transferred from our adult facility to our pediatric facility by a rotating HCW. Spa typing allowed comparison of our institution's MRSA strains with previously characterized outbreak clones.

Cell Culture Methods to Evaluate the Biocompatibility of Implant Materials

1992 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
Gabriela Ciapetti ◽  
Elisabetta Cenni ◽  
Daniela Cavedagna ◽  
Loredana Pratelli ◽  
Arturo Pizzoferrato
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Cell Culture Techniques ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Biological Compatibility ◽  
Compatibility Of Materials ◽  
Cell Culture Methods

Cell culture techniques are usually used in the field of biomaterials research and development in order to detect toxic components. Morphological assays are the most widely used methods and give the very first information about the biological compatibility of materials. Cell function assays give more quantitative data, but the comparison of data between different laboratories is difficult. Some of the cell culture methods that are used for biocompatibility studies are described briefly here, and results from our laboratory are reported. Despite some inherent limitations of the cell culture techniques, they are an accurate and reliable method of predicting the biological compatibility of materials to be implanted in vivo.

scholarly journals Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Recovered from Healthcare- and Community-Associated Infections in Egypt

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abdel-Maksoud ◽  
Mona El-Shokry ◽  
Ghada Ismail ◽  
Soad Hafez ◽  
Amani El-Kholy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Inducible Clindamycin Resistance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Over Time

Background. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has created significant epidemiological, infection-control, and therapeutic management challenges during the past three decades. Aim. To analyze the pattern of resistance of healthcare- and community-associated MRSA in Egypt and the trend of resistance of HA-MRSA over time (2005–2013). Methods. MRSA isolates were recovered from healthcare-associated (HA) and community-associated (CA) Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infections. They were tested against 11 antimicrobial discs and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of vancomycin was determined. Inducible clindamycin resistance (iMLSB) was also screened using D-test. Findings. Of 631 S. aureus, MRSA was identified in 343 (76.6%) and 21 (11.5%) of HA and CA S. aureus isolates, respectively. The proportion of HA-MRSA increased significantly from 48.6% in 2005 to 86.8% in 2013 (p value < 0.001). Multidrug resistance (MDR) was observed in 85.8% of HA-MRSA and 48.6% of CA-MRSA. Vancomycin intermediate resistant S. aureus (VISA) was detected in 1.2% of HA-MRSA and none was detected in CA-MRSA. Among HA-MRSA strains, 5.3% showed iMLSB compared to 9.5% among CA-MRSA. Conclusion. The upsurge of the prevalence rates of HA-MRSA over time is alarming and urges for an effective infection control strategy and continuous monitoring of antimicrobial use.

Rapid Streptococcal Tests

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-288
Author(s):  
S. DUBOSE RAVENEL ◽  
GREGORY CARL ELLIS ◽  
WILLIAM N. MICHAL
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Sheep Blood Agar ◽  
Blood Agar ◽  
Practice Setting ◽  
Throat Culture ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Sheep Blood ◽  
Office Practice ◽  
Important Study

Roddey et al have reported an important study on the sensitivity and specificity of the Strep A OIA test compared with two culture techniques—5% sheep blood agar and Todd-Hewitt broth—in an office practice setting. They found the sensitivity and specificity of OIA as compared with sheep blood culture to be 91.4% and 95.6%, and compared with the broth method, 90.4% and 94.1%, respectively. They conclude that the OIA method is preferable for the majority of their patients, but recommend a throat culture be performed in cases with a negative OIA test.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus In Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College Hospital

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 673-677
Author(s):  
Abdullah Akhtar Ahmed ◽  
Shakhaowat Hossain ◽  
Babul Aktar ◽  
Nusrat Akhtar Juyee ◽  
SM Ali Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Throat Swab ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Medical College

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of healthcare-associated infections. To combat the challenge of life threatening MRSA remains a primary focus of most hospital infection control programs6. This study is undertaken in Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College Hospital to identify the MRSA for determination of its prevalence and is considered a component of an infection control program in many countries5.Methods: Three hundred seventy hospitalized patients of surgery and medicine departments were studied during 2015. Clinical information of the patients and their pus, wound swab, sputum, throat swab and CSF were cultured.Results: Out of 370 patients, pus and wound swab of 217 (59%) had wound infection, sputum and throat swab of 141 had respiratory tract infection (38%) and CSF of 12 (3.2%) had meningitis were aseptically collected and cultured. Staphylococcus aureus were isolated in 51% cases and out of them MRSA was identified in 72 (73%) cases. MRSA isolated in 50% cases of meningitis, 49% cases of respiratory tract infection and 29% cases of wound infection.Conclusion: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus appeared as a common cause of major illness and death and impose serious economic costs on patients and hospitals of our area like other developing countries. Detection of MRSA was associated with more severe clinical presentation.KYAMC Journal Vol. 7, No.-1, Jul 2016, Page 673-677

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