Reviews of Books:Women's Work and Public Policy: A History of the Women's Bureau, U.S. Department of Labor 1945-1970 Kathleen A. Laughlin

The challenges of including factual information in public policy and political discussions are many. The difficulties of including scientific facts in these debates can often be frustrating for scientists, politicians and policymakers alike. At times it seems that discussions involve different languages or dialects such that it becomes a challenge to even understand one another’s position. Oftentimes difference of opinion leads to laws and regulations that are tilted to the left or the right. The collaborative balancing to insure public and natural resource interests are protected ends up being accomplished through extensive litigation in the courts. In this article, the author discusses the history of environmental balancing during the past three decades from the perspective of a field biologist who has used the strength of our policies, laws and regulations to fight for the protection of our Commonwealth’s aquatic resources. For the past 7 years, the author has taken over the reins of “the most powerful environmental agency in Pennsylvania” and charted a course using science to properly represent natural resource interests in public policy and political deliberations.

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Glenn W. Fisher. The Worst Tax? A History of the Property Tax in America. (Studies in Government and Public Policy.) Lawrence: University Press of Kansas. 1996. Pp. x, 245. $35.00

The American Historical Review ◽

10.1086/ahr/103.1.273-a ◽

1998 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Public Policy ◽

Property Tax ◽

History Of

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Animal Pain Scales in Public Policy

Alternatives to Laboratory Animals ◽

10.1177/026119299001800107.1 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 18 (1_part_1) ◽

pp. 41-50

Author(s):

F. Barbara Orlans

Keyword(s):

Public Policy ◽

Animal Welfare ◽

The United States ◽

Pain Scale ◽

Laboratory Animals ◽

Practical Applications ◽

Animal Pain ◽

Pain Scales ◽

History Of ◽

And Control

Pain scales classify the severity of pain inflicted on laboratory animals from little or none up to severe. A pain scale as part of public policy serves beneficial purposes that promote animal welfare. It can be used to educate people about the two alternatives of refinement and replacement, and the need to reduce animal pain. Furthermore, a pain scale has practical applications: 1) in review procedures for animal welfare concerns; 2) in developing policies on the use of animals in education; and 3) as a basis for collecting national data on animal experimentation, so that meaningful data can be collected on trends in reduction and control in animal pain. So far, only a few countries (including Sweden, the Netherlands, Canada and New Zealand) have adopted pain scales as part of their public policy. Most countries, including the United States, have not yet done so. The history of the development and adoption of pain scales by various countries is described and the case is presented for wider adoption of a pain scale in countries not currently using one.

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CONFLICTS AND CONTRADICTIONS IN POLICY APPROACHES IN NIGERIA: A DIALECTICAL MANIFESTATION OF POVERTY OF LEADERSHIP

Social Values and Society ◽

10.26480/svs.01.2020.04.08 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 04-08

Author(s):

James Nde Jacob ◽

Ochoga Anita Onmoba

Keyword(s):

Public Policy ◽

Data Gathering ◽

Policy Outcomes ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Elite Theory ◽

Implementation Processes ◽

Colonial Legacy ◽

History Of ◽

Major Factors ◽

Bad Leadership

The paper discusses the conflicts and contradictions in policy approaches in Nigeria since 1960 with a view to ascertaining the role of bad leadership in policy outcomes. It adopts essentially the secondary methodology in data gathering through textbooks, journals and research articles, while the elite theory is chosen to explain the influence of the elite class on policy issues in Nigeria. From the findings, the paper argues that the heterogeneous configuration of Nigeria, colonial legacy, and institutional constraints have remained the major factors affecting smooth policy making and implementation processes in Nigeria due largely to the dearth of national leadership. In addition, the paper undertakes conceptual clarification of terms as used in relation to Public Policy in modern Nigeria; traces the history of Public Policy in the country; draws conclusion and made recommendations.

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History of Research in Developmental Psychology

The Oxford Handbook of Developmental Psychology, Vol. 1 ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199958450.013.0002 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 12-34

Author(s):

W. Andrew Collins ◽

Willard W. Hartup

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Nineteenth Century ◽

Public Policy ◽

Experimental Psychology ◽

Developmental Psychology ◽

The United States ◽

Psychological Development ◽

First Century ◽

History Of Research ◽

History Of

This chapter summarizes the emergence and prominent features of a science of psychological development. Pioneering researchers established laboratories in Europe in the mid-nineteenth century to examine the significance of successive changes in the organism with the passage of time. American psychologists, many of whom had studied in the European laboratories, subsequently inaugurated similar efforts in the United States. Scientific theories and methods in the fledgling field were fostered by developments in experimental psychology, but also in physiology, embryology, ethology, and sociology. Moreover, organized efforts to provide information about development to parents, educators, and public policy specialists further propagated support for developmental science. The evolution of the field in its first century has provided a substantial platform for future developmental research.

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