Assessment of the Value of Repeated Point-Prevalence Surveys for Analyzing the Trend in Nosocomial Infections

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Sartor ◽  
Anne Delchambre ◽  
Laurence Pascal ◽  
Michel Drancourt ◽  
Philippe De Micco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Downward Trend ◽  
Case Mix ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Indwelling Catheters ◽  
Nosocomial Infection Rate ◽  
Significant Downward Trend

AbstractObjective:To assess the value of repeated point-prevalence surveys in measuring the trend in nosocomial infections after adjustment for case mix.Setting:A 3,500-bed teaching facility composed of 4 acute care hospitals.Methods:From May 1992 to June 1996, eight point-prevalence surveys of nosocomial infections were performed in the hospitals using a sampling process. The trend of adjusted nosocomial infection rates was studied for the four surveys that collected data on indwelling catheters. Adjusted rates were calculated using a logistic regression model and a direct standardization method.Results:From 1992 to 1996, a total of 20,238 patients were included in the 8 point-prevalence surveys. The nosocomial infection rate decreased from 8.6% in 1992 to 5% in 1996 (P< .001). The analysis of adjusted nosocomial infection rates included 9,600 patients. Four independent risk factors were identified; length of stay greater than 12 days, hospitalization in an intensive care unit, presence of an indwelling urinary catheter, and history of a surgical procedure. After adjustment for case mix, the nosocomial infection rate still showed a downward trend (from 7.2% in 1993 to 5.1% in 1996;P= .02).Conclusion:Adjusted prevalence rates of nosocomial infections showed a significant downward trend during the period of this study.

Device-Associated Nosocomial Infection Rates in Turkish Medical-Surgical Intensive Care Units

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilara Inan ◽  
Rabin Saba ◽  
Ata Nevzat Yalcin ◽  
Murat Yilmaz ◽  
Gozde Ongut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Device Associated Infection

Objective.To describe the incidence of device-associated nosocomial infections in medical-surgical intensive care units (MS ICUs) in a university hospital in Turkey and compare it with National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) system rates.Design.Prospective surveillance study during a period of 27 months. Device utilization ratios and device-associated infection rates were calculated using US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and NNIS definitions.Setting.Two separate MS ICUs at Akdeniz University Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.Patients.All patients were included who presented with no signs and symptoms of infection within the first 48 hours after admission.Results.Data on 1,985 patients with a total of 16,892 patient-days were analyzed. The mean overall infection rate per 100 patients was 29.1 infections, and the mean infection rate per 1,000 patient-days was 34.2 infections. The rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia was 20.76 infections per 1,000 ventilator-days, the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection was 13.63 infections per 1,000 urinary catheter–days, and the rate of catheter-associated bloodstream infection was 9.69 infections per 1,000 central line–days. The most frequently isolated pathogens were Pseudomonas species among patients with ventilator-associated pneumonias (35.8% of cases), Candida species among patients with catheter-associated urinary tract infections (37.1% of cases), and coagulase-negative staphylococci among patients with catheter-associated bloodstream infections (20.0% of cases).Conclusion.We found both higher device-associated infection rates and higher device utilization ratios in our MS ICUs than those reported by the NNIS system. To reduce the rate of infection, implementation of infection control practices and comprehensive education are required, and an appropriate nationwide nosocomial infection and control system is needed in Turkey.

scholarly journals 807. Effect of Inter-Hospital Transfer on Nosocomial Infection Rates in Patients Receiving Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S446-S447
Author(s):  
Joseph E Marcus ◽  
Jason Okulicz ◽  
Valerie Sams ◽  
Andriy Batchinsky ◽  
Alice Barsoumian
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Nosocomial Infection Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hospital Transfer ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Extracorporeal Oxygenation (ECMO) has been increasingly used as a life support modality for cardiac and pulmonary failure. Due to improved survival in patients treated in high volume ECMO centers, inter-hospital transport of these critically ill patients is on the rise. These patients may be transported via ambulance locally, or by aircraft over long distances. However, potential risks of nosocomial infectious complications associated with transfers has not been reported. We evaluated the impact of transfers on nosocomial infections for patients who received ECMO at Brooke Army Medical Center (BAMC). Methods All patients who received ECMO for ≥48 hours at BAMC between May 2012 and October 2019 were included. Chart review was performed to determine transport status, infectious complications while on ECMO, and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolated organisms. Statistical analyses were performed using Chi-squared, Fisher’s exact, or Mann-Whitney U tests as appropriate. Factors associated with nosocomial infections were evaluated by multivariate logistic regression. Results Compared to patients who were cannulated locally (n=33), patients who underwent cannulation at referral facility and inter-hospital transfer (n=76) had no difference in infections per 1000 ECMO days (33.1 vs. 30.5, p=0.74) or in infections with multidrug resistant organisms (MDRO) (50% vs. 55%, p=1). Of transferred patients, those transferred by aircraft (n=11) had no difference in infection rate (22.4 vs. 31.8 per 1000 ECMO days, p= 0.39) or MDRO incidence (52% vs 75%, p=0.61) compared to those only transferred by ambulance (n=65). Multivariate analysis showed the greatest risk factor for nosocomial infection was time on ECMO (OR 12.2 for longest tertile time on ECMO vs. shortest tertile, p=0.0001); transport was not significantly associated with infection (OR 2.1, p=0.06). Nosocomial infection rate by site of ECMO cannulation Conclusion This study did not find a significant difference in nosocomial infection rate or recovery of MDROs between transported and non-transported patients on ECMO, regardless of transport modality. This study suggests that transportation is not the primary driver of nosocomial infections in this cohort. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Nosocomial Infections in a Children's Hospital in Argentina: Impact of a Unique Infection Control Intervention Program

2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 762-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela de Gentile ◽  
Noemi Rivas ◽  
Ronda L. Sinkowitz-Cochran ◽  
Teresa Momesso ◽  
Emilio Martinez Iriart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Parental Assistance ◽  
Nosocomial Infection Rate ◽  
Control Education

AbstractObjective:To assess the efficacy of parental education and use of parents as nursing assistants on reducing nosocomial infections.Design:Prospective study.Methods:Active surveillance for nosocomial infections was performed on two wards. On ward A, parents were educated about infection control practices and assisted nursing staff with routine tasks, so that nursing personnel could focus their efforts on procedures with higher risk of infection. Parental assistance was not sought on ward B, the comparison ward.Results:From October 1990 through September 1991, 1,081 patients were admitted to wards A (470) or B (611). The overall nosocomial infection rate was 7.1 per 100 admissions; the nosocomial infection rate was significantly higher on ward B than ward A (63/611 vs 14/470; P<.001). Multivariate analysis identified risk factors for nosocomial infection on the two wards as age <2 years (P=.01), malnutrition (P=.005), duration of hospitalization (P<.001), ward B hospitalization (P=.003), and ward cleanliness score (P=.009); the distribution of patients with these factors was similar on the two wards.Conclusions:Our data suggest that parental infection control education and recruitment to relieve nursing staff of routine low-risk procedures are economical and easily implemented measures to reduce nosocomial infections in hospitals with limited personnel resources in the developing world.

Brief Report: Nosocomial Infection Rates in a Cancer Treatment Center

1984 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 289-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayle V. Robinson ◽  
Bernard R. Tegtmeier ◽  
John A. Zaia
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
Medical Patients ◽  
Surgical Wound ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Specific Patient ◽  
Nosocomial Infection Rate

AbstractThis report describes the results of a prospective study of nosocomial infection in 7,714 patients hospitalized during a 24-month period at a cancer treatment center. An overall nosocomial infection rate of 9.3% was observed with site-specific infection rates of 2.6% for urinary tract, 1.9% for surgical wound, 2.2% for bacteremia and 1.9% for respiratory tract infection. Within specific patient groups, the overall nosocomial infection rates observed were: 8.2% in medical patients, 14.9% in surgical patients and 1.5% in pediatric patients. Despite the markedly elevated nosocomial infection rate in surgical patients (P < 0.001), surgical wound infection rates were not unlike those observed in general hospitals: clean—2.4%, clean contaminated—5.8%, contaminated—13.2%, and dirty—11.8%. These observations provide evidence that institutions which provide medical care predominantly for cancer patients can expect to observe higher nosocomial infection rates than general care hospitals.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak on Nosocomial Infection Rate: A Case of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Maryam Jabarpour ◽  
Mahlagha Dehghan ◽  
Giti Afsharipour ◽  
Elham Hajipour Abaee ◽  
Parvin Mangolian Shahrbabaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Total Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nosocomial Infection Rate ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Surgical Units ◽  
The Impact

Background. Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is a new type of coronavirus that has caused a global pandemic. The disease is highly contagious, and all people are susceptible to the disease. Therefore, extensive measures were taken to prevent the spread of the disease at the community and hospitals. This study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 outbreak on nosocomial infection rate. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted in an educational hospital, southeast Iran. The nosocomial infection rates of critical/intensive care units (CCU/ICUs) and medical-surgical units were assessed during and before the COVID-19 outbreak. Results. There was a 19.75-point decrease in the total rate of nosocomial infection during the COVID-19 outbreak ( P  = 0.02). In addition, there was a 39.12-point decrease in the total rate of CCU/ICUs’ nosocomial infection during the COVID-19 outbreak ( P  < 0.001). A 19.23-point decrease was also observed in the total rate of medical-surgical units’ nosocomial infection during the COVID-19 outbreak ( P  = 0.13). All kinds of CCU/ICUs’ nosocomial infections had between 31.22- and 100-point decreases during the COVID-19 outbreak. Among medical-surgical units, 33.33- and 30.70-point decreases were observed only in UTI and SSI, respectively, during the COVID-19 outbreak, while BSI had a 40-point increase during the COVID-19 outbreak. Conclusions. Proper implementation of infection control protocols during the COVID-19 pandemic seems to reduce nosocomial infections.

Risk assessment and standardized nosocomial infection rate in critically ill children

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 2069-2075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nalini Singh-Naz ◽  
Bruce M. Sprague ◽  
Kantilal M. Patel ◽  
Murray M. Pollack
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Critically Ill Children ◽  
Nosocomial Infection Rate
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document