Donor-to-Recipient Transmission of Bacteria as an Unusual Cause of Mediastinitis in a Heart Transplant Recipient

1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (02) ◽  
pp. 132-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S. Burket ◽  
Carol E. Chenoweth ◽  
Thomas L. Meyer ◽  
Neil L. Barg
Keyword(s):  
Transplant Recipient ◽  
Heart Transplant ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Heart Transplant Recipient ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Pulsed Field

AbstractWe present a 54-year-old male heart transplant recipient who developed mediastinitis caused byKlebsiella oxytocaandVeillonellaspecies. Culture of the donor's bronchus also grewK oxytocaand aVeillonellaspecies. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed that theK oxytocaisolates had identical banding patterns. This case illustrates transmission of pathogenic bacteria via a contaminated organ.

scholarly journals Increasing Incidence and Comparison of Nalidixic Acid-ResistantSalmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serotype Typhimurium Isolates from Humans and Animals

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 266-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Heurtin-Le Corre ◽  
Pierre-Yves Donnio ◽  
Monique Perrin ◽  
Marie-France Travert ◽  
Jean-Loup Avril
Keyword(s):  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Animal Isolates ◽  
Nalidixic Acid Resistance

We determined the resistance to quinolone of 309 Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Typhimurium strains isolated from humans and animals (cattle, pigs, or poultry) in 1995 or 1996. Nalidixic acid resistance increased from 8.5% in 1995 to 18.6% in 1996. The highest resistance levels correlated with a mutation at Ser-83 (or Asp-82). All strains remained ciprofloxacin susceptible. Human and animal isolates were compared by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and the banding patterns of the human isolates most closely matched those of the bovine isolates.

scholarly journals Outbreaks of Infection Caused by Community-Acquired Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusin a Canadian Correctional Facility

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl L Main ◽  
Padman Jayaratne ◽  
Allan Haley ◽  
Candy Rutherford ◽  
Fiona Smaill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Correctional Facility ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Public Health Authority ◽  
Correctional Facilities ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Outbreak Investigations

BACKGROUND: Methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) has been identified in prison settings in the United States. The present study investigated two clusters of skin and soft tissue infection caused by community-acquired (CA) MRSA in a correctional facility in southern Ontario.METHODS: Outbreak investigations were conducted by the responsible public health authority. Strain relatedness was assessed through comparison of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and antibiograms.RESULTS: Two distinct outbreaks of CAMRSA-associated disease occurred in 2002 and 2004. Most patients presented with abscesses in the lower extremities. All isolates had identical DNA banding patterns on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. One-half of the affected inmates resided in a cellblock with one other affected inmate. No other risk factors were identified.CONCLUSIONS: One of the first outbreaks of CAMRSA infections in a correctional facility in Canada is documented. Taken in conjunction with outbreaks elsewhere, this suggests that residence in correctional facilities may be a risk factor for CAMRSA infection.

scholarly journals Molecular characteristics of Shigella spp. isolated from patients with diarrhoea in a new industrialized area of Thailand

2006 ◽  
Vol 134 (5) ◽  
pp. 997-1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. NA-UBOL ◽  
S. SAMOSORNSUK ◽  
L. VON SEIDLEIN ◽  
P. TAPCHAISRI ◽  
M. ALI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Plasmid Profile ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Pfge Analysis ◽  
Important Data ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Shigella Spp

In this study, we used plasmid profile analysis, XbaI macrorestriction with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and PCR of the ipaH gene, to study the molecular characteristics of 183 Shigella spp. isolated during May 2000 to April 2003 from rectal swabs of patients with watery and/or bloody diarrhoea in a new industrialized area of Thailand. Among the 183 isolates, 167 were S. sonnei and 16 were S. flexneri. For plasmid profile analysis, the 183 isolates revealed 16 different plasmid patterns, designated patterns A to P. The sizes of the plasmid bands were: 6, 5·5, 5, 4·5, 4, 3·25, 2·75, 2·5, 2, 1·75, 1·5 and/or 1·25 kb. The frequency of each plasmid band was 4·5 kb (165 isolates), 3·25 kb (161 isolates), 5·5 kb (129 isolates), 1·75 kb (121 isolates), 1·5 kb (35 isolates), 5 kb (21 isolates), 2 kb (16 isolates), 2·75 kb (12 isolates), 1·25 kb (9 isolates), and 6 kb (8 isolates). PFGE analysis revealed 45 different XbaI macrorestricted DNA banding patterns which could be grouped into 11 groups. All the isolates gave PCR amplicons of the ipaH gene. Plasmid profile analysis and PFGE are powerful tools for differentiation of the Shigella spp. This study provides important data on the molecular characteristics of Shigella isolates in Thailand, which could be useful as an epidemiological baseline for identifying relationships with strains that may emerge in the future.

scholarly journals First Canadian Outbreak of Enterobacteriaceae-ExpressingKlebsiella pneumoniaeCarbapenemase Type 3

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Leung ◽  
Vivian G Loo ◽  
Charles Frenette ◽  
Marc-Christian Domingo ◽  
Anne-Marie Bourgault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Vitek 2 ◽  
Polymerase Chain

BACKGROUND: Organisms expressingKlebsiella pneumoniaecarbapenemase (KPC) are found in several regions worldwide but are rarely detected in Canada. The first outbreak of KPC-expressing strains of Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates in a university-affiliated hospital intensive care unit (ICU) in Canada is described.METHODS: Enterobacteriaceae isolates that were flagged by the Vitek 2 (bioMérieux, France) system as possible carbapenemase producers were subjected to the modified Hodge test. Modified Hodge test-positive organisms were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, tested for KPC and other beta-lactamase genes by polymerase chain reaction analysis and underwent subsequent nucleic acid sequencing. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles were determined by Vitek 2 and Etest (bioMérieux, France). A chart review was conducted to establish epidemiological links.RESULTS: During the study period, 10 unique Enterobacteriaceae isolates expressing KPC were detected from nine ICU patients. Five patients had infections (three pneumonias, one surgical site infection, one urinary tract infection). Isolates includedEscherichia coli(5),Klebsiella oxytoca(2),Serratia marcescens(2) andCitrobacter freundii(1). Polymerase chain reaction analysis and sequencing confirmed the presence of KPC-3 in all isolates; four also carried TEM, two CTX-M and one CMY-2. The imipenem minimum inhibitory concentrations as determined by Etest ranged from 0.75 μg/mL to ≥32 μg/mL. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis clonal patterns and patient location in the ICU revealed presumptive horizontal transmission events.CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, Enterobacteriaceae isolates with KPC are emerging and can result in serious infections. The KPC gene can spread via plasmids to different genera of the Enterobacteriaceae family. The dissemination of KPC in Enterobacteriaceae and the consequences for treatment and infection control measures warrant a high degree of vigilance among clinicians and microbiologists.

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