Staphylococcus aureusBloodstream Infection After Cardiac Surgery: Risk Factors and Outcome

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Olsson ◽  
Ann Tammelin ◽  
Stefan Thelin
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Valve Prosthesis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Case Mortality ◽  
Control Study

Thirty-eight patients (10 cases and 28 controls) were included in a case-control study ofStaphylococcus aureusbloodstream infection after cardiac surgery in 833 patients. All bacterial strains were found to be unique by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. In multivariable risk-factor analysis, only valve prosthesis implantation was associated with blood-stream infection. The early and late case mortality rate was 0%.

Asthma and Risk of Community-Acquired Blood Stream Infection Caused by Escherichia Coli: A Population-Based Case-Control Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. AB152
Author(s):  
Hyeon Jong Jong Yang ◽  
Duk Won Bang ◽  
Eell Ryoo ◽  
Larry Baddour ◽  
Majdi Al-Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Evaluation of blood stream infections by Candida in three tertiary hospitals in Salvador, Brazil: a case-control study

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Goreth Barberino ◽  
Nanci Silva ◽  
Carla Rebouças ◽  
Katarine Barreiro ◽  
Ana Paula Alcântara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Blood Stream Infections ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Risk factors for the development of significant postoperative bleeding after pediatric cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: A nested case-control study

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
JuanCarlos Núñez-Enríquez ◽  
IsabelZnaya Ramírez-Flores ◽  
Maribel Ibarra-Sarlat ◽  
Vivian Neme-Bechara ◽  
Alejandro Herrera-Landero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Postoperative Bleeding ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Pediatric Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

An Outbreak of Salmonella enterica Serotype Litchfield Infection in Australia Linked to Consumption of Contaminated Papaya

2009 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 1094-1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBYN GIBBS ◽  
NEVADA PINGAULT ◽  
TERRY MAZZUCCHELLI ◽  
LYN O'REILLY ◽  
BRIAN MacKENZIE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Outbreak Strain ◽  
Repeat Analysis ◽  
Control Study

An outbreak of 26 cases of Salmonella Litchfield infection occurred in the states of Western Australia and Queensland between October 2006 and January 2007. A case-control study was conducted with 12 cases and 24 controls, and a significant association was found between illness and consumption of papaya (odds ratio, 32.8; 95% confidence interval, 2.71 to 883.5). Papaya samples were collected from 26 stores in Western Australia, and 9 of 38 samples were contaminated with Salmonella Litchfield. These samples had pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns and multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis profiles indistinguishable from the outbreak strain. Three farms in Western Australia supplied the contaminated papaya, and two of these farms were inspected. Salmonella Litchfield was not detected in papaya samples, fungal sprays, or water samples from the farms; however, at one farm other serotypes of Salmonella were detected in untreated river water that was used for washing papaya. Only treated potable water should be used for washing fresh produce that is to be eaten raw.

The role of computed tomography in the diagnostic pathway of acute mesenteric ischemia: a nested case-control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 1444-1451
Author(s):  
Henning Mothes ◽  
Vetlana Mueller-Mau ◽  
Lukas Lehmkuhl ◽  
Thomas Lehmann ◽  
Utz Settmacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Contrast Medium ◽  
Mesenteric Ischemia ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Acute Mesenteric Ischemia ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Intestinal Pneumatosis ◽  
Control Study

Background Computed tomography (CT) can be used as the primary screening modality for the evaluation of patients suspected of having acute mesenteric ischemia known to show high sensitivity and specificity rates. Purpose To prove the value of CT in patients with pathological abdominal findings following cardiac surgery. Material and Methods In a retrospective case-control study, 12 different CT scan parameters of patients with or without mesenteric ischemia following cardiac surgery were compared using univariate and logistic regression analyses. Results Of 14,176 patients, 133 (0.9%) received an abdominal CT scan during postoperative care due to pathological abdominal findings. Sixty-eight patients were diagnosed with acute mesenteric ischemia. In-hospital mortality was 73.5% for this group. CT parameters with the highest specificity for indicating colonic ischemia were intestinal (99%) or porto-venous (96%) pneumatosis, abnormal contrast medium enhancement (89%), and occlusion of the proximal inferior mesenteric artery (81%). All of those parameters showed low sensitivity levels in the range of 15%–23%. A statistically significant association between acute mesenteric ischemia and CT appearance was obtained for contrast medium enhancement (odds ratio [OR] 12.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5–99.2) and intestinal pneumatosis (OR 21.0, 95% CI 2.7–165.2) only. Conclusion The typical CT criteria indicating mesenteric ischemia lose their accuracy in patients under critical clinical conditions. As CT remains the first-line diagnostic imaging modality for abnormal abdominal findings following cardiac surgery, negative signs should not prevent early laparotomy if clinical suspicion remains high.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa Outbreak in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Attributed to Hospital Tap Water

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 801-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara Bicking Kinsey ◽  
Samir Koirala ◽  
Benjamin Solomon ◽  
Jon Rosenberg ◽  
Byron F. Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Point Of Use ◽  
Control Study

OBJECTIVETo investigate an outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections and colonization in a neonatal intensive care unit.DESIGNInfection control assessment, environmental evaluation, and case-control study.SETTINGNewly built community-based hospital, 28-bed neonatal intensive care unit.PATIENTSNeonatal intensive care unit patients receiving care between June 1, 2013, and September 30, 2014.METHODSCase finding was performed through microbiology record review. Infection control observations, interviews, and environmental assessment were performed. A matched case-control study was conducted to identify risk factors for P. aeruginosa infection. Patient and environmental isolates were collected for pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to determine strain relatedness.RESULTSIn total, 31 cases were identified. Case clusters were temporally associated with absence of point-of-use filters on faucets in patient rooms. After adjusting for gestational age, case patients were more likely to have been in a room without a point-of-use filter (odds ratio [OR], 37.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.16–∞). Case patients had higher odds of exposure to peripherally inserted central catheters (OR, 7.20; 95% CI, 1.75–37.30) and invasive ventilation (OR, 5.79; 95% CI, 1.39–30.62). Of 42 environmental samples, 28 (67%) grew P. aeruginosa. Isolates from the 2 most recent case patients were indistinguishable by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis from water-related samples obtained from these case-patient rooms.CONCLUSIONSThis outbreak was attributed to contaminated water. Interruption of the outbreak with point-of-use filters provided a short-term solution; however, eradication of P. aeruginosa in water and fixtures was necessary to protect patients. This outbreak highlights the importance of understanding the risks of stagnant water in healthcare facilities.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:801–808

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