scholarly journals Respiratory Syncytial Virus Epidemiology in a Birth Cohort from Kilifi District, Kenya: Infection during the First Year of Life

2004 ◽  
Vol 190 (10) ◽  
pp. 1828-1832 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. James Nokes ◽  
Emelda A. Okiro ◽  
Mwanajuma Ngama ◽  
Lisa J. White ◽  
Rachel Ochola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
First Year ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
First Year Of Life

scholarly journals Respiratory Syncytial Virus Consortium in Europe (RESCEU) Birth Cohort Study: Defining the Burden of Infant Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease in Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 (Supplement_7) ◽  
pp. S606-S612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne G Wildenbeest ◽  
Roy P Zuurbier ◽  
Koos Korsten ◽  
Marlies A van Houten ◽  
Marie N Billard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
First Year Of Life

Abstract Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes significant morbidity and mortality in infants worldwide. Although prematurity and cardiopulmonary disease are risk factors for severe disease, the majority of infants hospitalized with RSV are previously healthy. Various vaccines and therapeutics are under development and expected to be available in the near future. To inform the use of these new vaccines and therapeutics, it is necessary to determine the burden of RSV disease in Europe. We will prospectively follow-up a birth cohort to obtain incidence data on RSV acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI). Methods Multicenter prospective study of a birth cohort consisting of 10 000 healthy infants, recruited during 3 consecutive years. RSV associated hospitalization in the first year of life will be determined by questionnaires and hospital chart reviews. A nested cohort of 1000 infants will be actively followed. In case of ARTI, a respiratory sample will be collected for RSV molecular diagnosis. Results The primary outcome is the incidence rate of RSV-associated hospitalization in the first year of life. In the active cohort the primary outcome is RSV associated ARTI and MA-ARTI. Conclusions We will provide key information to fill the gaps in knowledge about the burden of RSV disease in healthy infants. Clinical Trials Registration NCT03627572.

scholarly journals 749. Healthcare Utilization After Hospitalization for Respiratory Syncytial Virus or Unspecified Bronchiolitis in the First Year of Life

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S268-S269
Author(s):  
Joel Ledbetter ◽  
Lance Brannman ◽  
Sally Wade ◽  
David Diakun ◽  
Tara Gonzales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Healthcare Utilization ◽  
Healthcare Resource Utilization ◽  
Urgent Care ◽  
First Year ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Ed Visits ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
First Year Of Life

Abstract Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of infant hospitalizations and risk varies by gestational age (GA). Healthcare utilization following early hospitalizations caused by RSV (RSVH) or unspecified bronchiolitis (UBH) is not well understood. This study examined healthcare resource utilization (HRU) across GA categories within 12 months after an initial RSVH or UBH occurring in the first year of life. Methods Infants born July 1, 2009 to June 30, 2015 were identified in the MarketScan Commercial (COM) and Multistate Medicaid (MED) databases and assigned to GA categories using DRG and ICD codes and to an initial hospitalization cohort using inpatient claim diagnosis codes (RSVH, UBH without RSVH, or COMP [a comparator without RSVH or UBH]). Index dates (first admission dates for hospitalized infants) were assigned to COMP infants using times from birth to index dates among RSVH infants. HRU (hospitalizations, outpatient pharmacy fills, and visits for emergency department [ED], urgent care, wellness, other office or outpatient) excluded index hospitalizations and was assessed from 14 days post-index (or discharge if later) through 12 months post-index. Results were propensity score weighted to balance pre-index characteristics (age, sex, region, GA, birth hospitalization characteristics) across cohorts. Proportions were compared with chi-squared tests. Results Among all infants (all GA categories combined), the proportions of RSVH and UBH cohorts with follow-up hospitalizations or ED visits were greater (P < 0.05) than COMP (hospitalizations: COM +5.8%, +9.3%; MED +9.1%, +12.0%; ED visits: COM +15.8%, +16.2%; MED +14.4%, +17.1%). Follow-up hospitalizations in COM and MED and ED visits in COM declined with greater GA (Figures 1 and 2). HRU in other categories (fills, visits) was significantly (P < 0.05) greater among RSVH or UBH infants relative to COMP for nearly all GA categories in both COM and MED. Conclusion Infants hospitalized for RSV or UB in their first year of life had greater use of inpatient and outpatient resources in the 12 months following their initial hospitalizations compared with nonhospitalized infants. Inpatient care during follow-up was greatest among infants born at earlier GA. Funded by AstraZeneca Disclosures J. Ledbetter, AstraZeneca: Speaker’s Bureau, Speaker honorarium. L. Brannman, AstraZeneca: Employee, Salary and Stocks. S. Wade, Wade Outcomes Research and Consulting: Employee, Salary. D. Diakun, Truven Health Analytics, an IBM Company: Employee, Salary. T. Gonzales, AstraZeneca: Employee, Salary and Stocks. A. Kong, Truven Health Analytics, an IBM Company: Employee, Salary.

The Effect of Birth Month on the Risk of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Hospitalization in the First Year of Life in the United States

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. e135-e140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Calderón Lloyd ◽  
Larissa May ◽  
Daniel Hoffman ◽  
Richard Riegelman ◽  
Lone Simonsen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Year ◽  
Birth Month ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
First Year Of Life

Infection by the respiratory syncytial virus in infants and young children at high risk

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damien Bonnet ◽  
Achim A. Schmaltz ◽  
Timothy F. Feltes
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Chronic Lung Disease ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
First Year ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Infants And Young Children

The respiratory syncytial virus is the most common cause of infection of the lower respiratory tract in infants and young children, and is the leading cause of hospitalisation and death due to viral illness during the first year of life. In otherwise healthy infants, the virus usually causes only mild respiratory illness, but premature babies and infants with chronic lung disease, those with congenitally malformed hearts, or those who are immunodeficient, are at increased risk of serious illness, hospitalisation, and death. Recent infection with the virus is also associated with increased postoperative complications after corrective surgery for congenitally malformed hearts. No effective vaccine is currently available, and treatment is limited to supportive therapy. Prevention in groups deemed to be at high-risk, therefore, is essential. In addition to measures for control of infection, prophylactic immunotherapy is indicated in selected patients. Palivizumab (Synagis®) is a monoclonal antibody indicated for the prevention of serious viral disease of the lower respiratory tract in premature infants, those with chronic lung disease, and those with haemodynamically significant congenital cardiac lesions. Palivizumab is given intramuscularly, usually as a monthly injection during the so-called “season”. In a recent international, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 1,287 children less than or equal to 2 years old with haemodynamically significant congenital cardiac malformations, prophylaxis achieved a relative reduction of 45 per cent in the incidence of antigen-confirmed viral-related hospitalisation, and reduced the duration of hospital stay by 56 per cent. National and international guidelines, therefore, now recommend routine prophylaxis in the first year of life in children with haemodynamically significant congenital cardiac disease.

The palivizumab patchwork: Variation in guidelines for Respiratory Syncytial Virus prevention across Canadian provinces and territories

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Jalink ◽  
Joanne M Langley
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
First Year ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Premature Children ◽  
Canadian Provinces ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Local Pressures ◽  
First Year Of Life

Abstract Background Respiratory Syncytial Virus is the leading cause of hospitalization for lower respiratory tract infection in young children. The only preventive intervention is an anti-Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) monoclonal antibody (palivizumab, Synagis) administered as monthly intramuscular injections during the winter. Recommendations for palivizumab use have been published by the Canadian Paediatric Society (CPS) and other agencies. We sought to determine if there was interjurisdictional variation in eligibility for palivizumab across provinces and territories and in comparison to CPS recommendations, as well as the nature of this variation. Methods Eligibility criteria were obtained from personnel coordinating provincial and territorial programs and from public governmental websites. Results All 13 jurisdictions provided information about their palivizumab eligibility policies. No province or territory (PT) follows CPS guidelines exactly and substantial heterogeneity exists among jurisdictions. All PT jurisdictions provide prophylaxis in the first year of life to infants with hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease or chronic lung disease on ongoing therapy for those conditions, and to premature children in remote areas. In general, PTs had more liberal policies than the CPS, offering palivizumab to a wide range of children with conditions such as cystic fibrosis, Down syndrome or to moderately premature children with risk factors. Conclusions Substantial variation in PT criteria for RSV prevention exists in Canada, and no jurisdiction follows CPS criteria exactly. Variability in subnational policy may reflect access to human or material resources, varying interpretation of evidence for efficacy, variation in epidemiology, the effect of local pressures, or advocacy.

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