scholarly journals The Rest‐Frame Optical Luminosity Density, Color, and Stellar Mass Density of the Universe fromz= 0 toz= 3

2003 ◽  
Vol 599 (2) ◽  
pp. 847-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Rudnick ◽  
Hans‐Walter Rix ◽  
Marijn Franx ◽  
Ivo Labbe ◽  
Michael Blanton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rest Frame ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Stellar Mass ◽  
The Universe

scholarly journals Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): a forensic SED reconstruction of the cosmic star formation history and metallicity evolution by galaxy type

2020 ◽  
Vol 498 (4) ◽  
pp. 5581-5603
Author(s):  
Sabine Bellstedt ◽  
Aaron S G Robotham ◽  
Simon P Driver ◽  
Jessica E Thorne ◽  
Luke J M Davies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Spectral Energy Distribution ◽  
Stellar Mass ◽  
Star Formation History ◽  
Spectral Energy ◽  
Massive Galaxies ◽  
Formation History ◽  
The Universe

ABSTRACT We apply the spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting code ProSpect to multiwavelength imaging for ∼7000 galaxies from the GAMA survey at z < 0.06, in order to extract their star formation histories. We combine a parametric description of the star formation history with a closed-box evolution of metallicity where the present-day gas-phase metallicity of the galaxy is a free parameter. We show with this approach that we are able to recover the observationally determined cosmic star formation history (CSFH), an indication that stars are being formed in the correct epoch of the Universe, on average, for the manner in which we are conducting SED fitting. We also show the contribution to the CSFH of galaxies of different present-day visual morphologies and stellar masses. Our analysis suggests that half of the mass in present-day elliptical galaxies was in place 11 Gyr ago. In other morphological types, the stellar mass formed later, up to 6 Gyr ago for present-day irregular galaxies. Similarly, the most massive galaxies in our sample were shown to have formed half their stellar mass by 11 Gyr ago, whereas the least massive galaxies reached this stage as late as 4 Gyr ago (the well-known effect of ‘galaxy downsizing’). Finally, our metallicity approach allows us to follow the average evolution in gas-phase metallicity for populations of galaxies and extract the evolution of the cosmic metal mass density in stars and in gas, producing results in broad agreement with independent, higher redshift observations of metal densities in the Universe.

Averaging the Universe: The Cosmic Color and Stellar Mass Density to z ~ 3

2006 ◽  
pp. 455-456
Author(s):  
Gregory Rudnick ◽  
Hans-Walter Rix ◽  
Marijn Franx ◽  
Ivo Labbé ◽  
the FIRES Collaboration
Keyword(s):  
Mass Density ◽  
Stellar Mass ◽  
The Universe

scholarly journals THE STELLAR MASS DENSITY AND SPECIFIC STAR FORMATION RATE OF THE UNIVERSE ATz∼ 7

2010 ◽  
Vol 713 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentino González ◽  
Ivo Labbé ◽  
Rychard J. Bouwens ◽  
Garth Illingworth ◽  
Marijn Franx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Star Formation Rate ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Stellar Mass ◽  
The Universe

scholarly journals Faint 6.7 Micron Galaxies and Their Contributions to the Stellar Mass Density in the Universe

2004 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 1285-1304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasunori Sato ◽  
Lennox L. Cowie ◽  
Kimiaki Kawara ◽  
Hideo Matsuhara ◽  
Haruyuki Okuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Density ◽  
Stellar Mass ◽  
The Universe

scholarly journals The evolution of the UV luminosity and stellar mass functions of Lyman-α emitters from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 6

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Santos ◽  
D Sobral ◽  
J Butterworth ◽  
A Paulino-Afonso ◽  
B Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rest Frame ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Characteristic Number ◽  
Mass Function ◽  
Stellar Mass ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Full Sample ◽  
Mass Functions ◽  
Best Fit

Abstract We measure the evolution of the rest-frame UV luminosity function (LF) and the stellar mass function (SMF) of Lyman-α (Lyα) emitters (LAEs) from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 6 by exploring ∼4000 LAEs from the SC4K sample. We find a correlation between Lyα luminosity (LLyα) and rest-frame UV (MUV), with best-fit M$_{\rm UV}=-1.6_{-0.3}^{+0.2}\log _{10} (\rm L_{Ly\alpha }/erg\, s^{-1})+47_{-11}^{+12}$ and a shallower relation between LLyα and stellar mass (M⋆), with best-fit $\log _{10} (\rm M_\star /{\rm M}_\odot )=0.9_{-0.1}^{+0.1}\log _{10} (\rm L_{Ly\alpha }/erg\, s^{-1})-28_{-3.8}^{+4.0}$. An increasing LLyα cut predominantly lowers the number density of faint MUV and low M⋆ LAEs. We estimate a proxy for the full UV LFs and SMFs of LAEs with simple assumptions of the faint end slope. For the UV LF, we find a brightening of the characteristic UV luminosity (M$_{\rm UV}^*$) with increasing redshift and a decrease of the characteristic number density (Φ*). For the SMF, we measure a characteristic stellar mass (${\rm M_\star ^*/{\rm M}_\odot }$) increase with increasing redshift, and a Φ* decline. However, if we apply a uniform luminosity cut of $\log _{10} (\rm L_{Ly\alpha }/erg\, s^{-1}) \ge 43.0$, we find much milder to no evolution in the UV and SMF of LAEs. The UV luminosity density (ρUV) of the full sample of LAEs shows moderate evolution and the stellar mass density (ρM) decreases, with both being always lower than the total ρUV and ρM of more typical galaxies but slowly approaching them with increasing redshift. Overall, our results indicate that both ρUV and ρM of LAEs slowly approach the measurements of continuum-selected galaxies at z > 6, which suggests a key role of LAEs in the epoch of reionisation.

scholarly journals Measuring the Average Evolution of Luminous Galaxies atz< 3: The Rest‐Frame Optical Luminosity Density, Spectral Energy Distribution, and Stellar Mass Density

2006 ◽  
Vol 650 (2) ◽  
pp. 624-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Rudnick ◽  
Ivo Labbe ◽  
Natascha M. Forster Schreiber ◽  
Stijn Wuyts ◽  
Marijn Franx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Rest Frame ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Spectral Energy Distribution ◽  
Stellar Mass ◽  
Spectral Energy ◽  
Luminous Galaxies

scholarly journals Lyman continuum escape fraction in Ly α emitters at z ≃ 3.1

2020 ◽  
Vol 493 (1) ◽  
pp. L65-L69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuyan Bian ◽  
Xiaohui Fan
Keyword(s):  
Equivalent Width ◽  
Rest Frame ◽  
Dwarf Galaxies ◽  
Stellar Mass ◽  
Lyman Alpha ◽  
Alpha Emitters ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Lyman Continuum ◽  
Lyman Alpha Emitters ◽  
The Universe

ABSTRACT We measure the Lyman continuum (LyC) escape fraction in 54 faint Lyman-alpha emitters (LAEs) at $z$ ≃ 3.1 in the GOODS-South field. With the average magnitude of R = 26.7 AB (MUV = −18.8 and L ≃ 0.1L*), these galaxies represent a population of compact young dwarf galaxies. Their properties are likely to resemble those in the galaxies responsible for reionizing the Universe at $z$ &gt; 6. We do not detect LyC emission in any individual LAEs in the deep HST F336W images, which covers the rest-frame 820 Å. We do not detect the LyC emission of these LAEs in the stacked F336W images either. The 3σ upper limit of LyC escape fractions is $f_{\rm esc}\lt 14\!-\!32{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. However, the high Ly α rest-frame equivalent width (EW), low stellar mass, and UV luminosity of these LAEs suggest that they should have $f_{\rm esc}\gt 50{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. The low LyC escape fraction from this work and other stacking analyses suggests that the LyC-leaking galaxies with $f_{\rm esc}\gt 50{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ at $z$ = 2–3 do not follow the relation between fesc and UV luminosity and Ly α EW derived from typical galaxies at similar redshifts. Therefore, the UV luminosity and Ly α EW are not the best indicators for the LyC escape fraction.

scholarly journals The Star Formation Reference Survey. IV. Stellar mass distribution of local star-forming galaxies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Bonfini ◽  
A Zezas ◽  
M L N Ashby ◽  
S P Willner ◽  
A Maragkoudakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Star Formation Rate ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Stellar Mass ◽  
Nearby Star ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
Mass Functions

Abstract We constrain the mass distribution in nearby, star-forming galaxies with the Star Formation Reference Survey (SFRS), a galaxy sample constructed to be representative of all known combinations of star formation rate (SFR), dust temperature, and specific star formation rate (sSFR) that exist in the Local Universe. An innovative two-dimensional bulge/disk decomposition of the 2MASS/Ks-band images of the SFRS galaxies yields global luminosity and stellar mass functions, along with separate mass functions for their bulges and disks. These accurate mass functions cover the full range from dwarf galaxies to large spirals, and are representative of star-forming galaxies selected based on their infra-red luminosity, unbiased by AGN content and environment. We measure an integrated luminosity density j = 1.72 ± 0.93 × 109 L⊙  h−1 Mpc−3 and a total stellar mass density ρM = 4.61 ± 2.40 × 108 M⊙  h−1 Mpc−3. While the stellar mass of the average star-forming galaxy is equally distributed between its sub-components, disks globally dominate the mass density budget by a ratio 4:1 with respect to bulges. In particular, our functions suggest that recent star formation happened primarily in massive systems, where they have yielded a disk stellar mass density larger than that of bulges by more than 1 dex. Our results constitute a reference benchmark for models addressing the assembly of stellar mass on the bulges and disks of local (z = 0) star-forming galaxies.

scholarly journals The Evolution of the Global Stellar Mass Density at 0 < z < 3

2003 ◽  
Vol 587 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Dickinson ◽  
Casey Papovich ◽  
Henry C. Ferguson ◽  
Tamas Budavari
Keyword(s):  
Mass Density ◽  
Stellar Mass

Stellar Mass Black Hole for Engineering Optimization

2017 ◽  
pp. 62-90
Author(s):  
Premalatha Kandhasamy ◽  
Balamurugan R ◽  
Kannimuthu S
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Artificial Bee Colony ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Cuckoo Search ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Stellar Mass ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
Nature Inspired Algorithms ◽  
The Universe

In recent years, nature-inspired algorithms have been popular due to the fact that many real-world optimization problems are increasingly large, complex and dynamic. By reasons of the size and complexity of the problems, it is necessary to develop an optimization method whose efficiency is measured by finding the near optimal solution within a reasonable amount of time. A black hole is an object that has enough masses in a small enough volume that its gravitational force is strong enough to prevent light or anything else from escaping. Stellar mass Black hole Optimization (SBO) is a novel optimization algorithm inspired from the property of the gravity's relentless pull of black holes which are presented in the Universe. In this paper SBO algorithm is tested on benchmark optimization test functions and compared with the Cuckoo Search, Particle Swarm Optimization and Artificial Bee Colony systems. The experiment results show that the SBO outperforms the existing methods.

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