Water‐Balance Characteristics Respond to Changes in Body Size in Subantarctic Weevils

2003 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 634-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven L. Chown ◽  
C. Jaco Klok
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Water Balance

Variations in Seasonal Nutrition, Thermoregulation and Water Balance in Two New Zealand Populations of the Common Brushtail Possum, Trichosurus Vulpecula (Phalangeridae).

1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 333 ◽  
Author(s):  
CK Williams ◽  
HL Turnbull
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Urine Concentration ◽  
Brushtail Possum ◽  
Water Turnover ◽  
Common Brushtail Possum

Two populations of common brushtail possum, at Wanganui in the North Island of New Zealand and Westland in the South Island, were compared in aspects of nutrition, thermoregulation and water balance at 2 thermal conditions in controlled-environment rooms. The thermal conditions and adaptation had no influence on nutrition and water balance but caused variation in bodyweight and in rates of food intake and water turnover, both relative to metabolic body size. Although the 2 populations differed greatly in body mass they had different rates of food intake relative to metabolic size, but similar individual rates. Rates of metabolized energy intake followed a similar pattern. Conversely, rates of water turnover relative to metabolic size were similar between populations but differed for individuals. The trend for differences between populations in indices of urine concentration were associated with different patterns of food and water intakes. These differences cannot be explained in terms of body mass increments. The physiological variation between populations was greatly influenced by differences in body size, which accord with Bergmann's rule. The larger size of the Westland animals is advantageous during abstinence from feeding during frequent foul weather, and the smaller size of the Wanganui animals confers advantages in water balance during annual periods of prolonged rainfall deficiency.

scholarly journals Differences in Body Size and Water Balance Strategies between North Carolina and Florida Populations of the Sand Fiddler Crab, Uca Pugilator

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 560-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay A. Yoder ◽  
Eric J. Rellinger ◽  
Kevin M. Gribbins ◽  
Justin L. Tank ◽  
Brian E. Moore
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Fiddler Crab ◽  
Uca Pugilator

Getting to the root of tree neighbourhoods: hectare-scale root zones of a neotropical fig

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 727-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miles R. Silman ◽  
Carolyn Krisel
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Root Zones ◽  
Root Interactions ◽  
Individual Based Models ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Plant Ecological ◽  
Sessile Organisms

Sessile organisms interact locally on the scale of their body sizes, and one of the great advances in population and community ecology is the use of individual-based models to examine species interactions (Biondini 2001, Bolker & Pacala 1999, Pacala & Deutschman 1995, Pacala & Silander 1985, 1987; Silander & Pacala 1985). Canopies are often taken as a proxy for body size in the plant literature, even though roots can make up substantial amounts of a plant's biomass, have productivity that equals or exceeds the above-ground parts, and are critical in both competition and mutualisms involving nutrient capture and water balance (Biondini 2001, Casper & Jackson 1997, Casper et al. 2003, Rajaniemi & Reynolds 2004, Robinson 2004). Root zones, however, are seldom incorporated in plant ecological studies because they are exceptionally difficult to measure, and the importance of intra- and interspecific root interactions is little known (Schenk & Jackson 2002).

Thermal developmental plasticity affects body size and water conservation of Drosophila nepalensis from the Western Himalayas

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 504-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Parkash ◽  
C. Lambhod ◽  
D. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Mass Culture ◽  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Developmental Plasticity ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Western Himalayas ◽  
Desiccation Resistance

AbstractIn the Western Himalayas, Drosophila nepalensis is more abundant during the colder and drier winter than the warmer rainy season but the mechanistic bases of such adaptations are largely unknown. We tested effects of developmental plasticity on desiccation-related traits (body size, body melanization and water balance traits) that may be consistent with changes in seasonal abundance of this species. D. nepalensis grown at 15°C has shown twofold higher body size, greater melanization (∼15-fold), higher desiccation resistance (∼55 h), hemolymph as well as carbohydrate content (twofold higher) as compared with corresponding values at 25°C. Water loss before succumbing to death was much higher (∼16%) at 15°C than 25°C. Developmental plastic effects on body size are associated with changes in water balance-related traits (bulk water, hemolymph and dehydration tolerance). The role of body melanization was evident from the analysis of assorted darker and lighter flies (from a mass culture of D. nepalensis reared at 21°C) which lacked differences in dry mass but showed differences in desiccation survival hours and rate of water loss. For adult acclimation, we found a slight increase in desiccation resistance of flies reared at lower growth temperature, whereas in flies reared at 25°C such a response was lacking. In D. nepalensis, greater developmental plasticity is consistent with its contrasting levels of seasonal abundance. Finally, in the context of global climate change in the Western Himalayas, D. nepalensis seems vulnerable in the warmer season due to lower adult as well as developmental acclimation potential at higher growth temperature (25°C).

Adolescent Gender Differences in Weight, Activity, and Body-Size Perception

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith R. Mccalla ◽  
Katie E. Chipungu ◽  
Patrice G. Saab ◽  
Amanda J. Countryman ◽  
Erin N. Etzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Size Perception ◽  
Body Size Perception
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