scholarly journals Antenatal Vitamin A Supplementation Increases Birth Weight and Decreases Anemia among Infants Born to Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Women in Malawi

2002 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 618-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Newton Kumwenda ◽  
Paolo G. Miotti ◽  
Taha E. Taha ◽  
Robin Broadhead ◽  
Robert J. Biggar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals Vitamin A Supplementation and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Shedding in Women: Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial

2002 ◽  
Vol 185 (8) ◽  
pp. 1187-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared M. Baeten ◽  
R. Scott McClelland ◽  
Julie Overbaugh ◽  
Barbra A. Richardson ◽  
Sandra Emery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals Vitamin A Supplementation and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Load in Injection Drug Users

1998 ◽  
Vol 177 (3) ◽  
pp. 611-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D. Semba ◽  
Cynthia M. Lyles ◽  
Joseph B. Margolick ◽  
Waleska T. Caiaffa ◽  
Homayoon Farzadegan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Virus Load ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Load

scholarly journals Vitamin A and immunity to viral, bacterial and protozoan infections

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 719-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Semba
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Diarrhoeal Disease ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Protozoan Infections

Studies in animal models and cell lines show that vitamin A and related retinoids play a major role in immunity, including expression of mucins and keratins, lymphopoiesis, apoptosis, cytokine expression, production of antibody, and the function of neutrophils, natural killer cells, monocytes or macrophages, T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes. Recent clinical trials suggest that vitamin A supplementation reduces morbidity and mortality in different infectious diseases, such as measles, diarrhoeal disease, measles-related pneumonia, human immunodeficiency virus infection and malaria. Immune responses vary considerably during different infections, and the available data suggest that the modulation of immune function by vitamin A may also vary widely, depending on the type of infection and immune responses involved.

Vitamin A Supplementation for Extremely-Low-Birth-Weight Infants

1999 ◽  
Vol 340 (25) ◽  
pp. 1962-1968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon E. Tyson ◽  
Linda L. Wright ◽  
William Oh ◽  
Kathleen A. Kennedy ◽  
Lisa Mele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation

The Impact of Prenatal Vitamin A and Zinc Supplementation on Birth Size and Neonatal Survival - a Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial in a Rural Area of Indonesia

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endy P. Prawirohartono ◽  
Lennarth Nyström ◽  
Detty S. Nurdiati ◽  
Mohammad Hakimi ◽  
Torbjörn Lind
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Birth Length ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Background: Prenatal supplementation with micronutrients may increase birth weight and thus improve infant health and survival in settings where infants and children are at risk of micronutrient deficiencies. Objective: To assess whether vitamin A and/or zinc supplementation given during pregnancy can improve birth weight, birth length, neonatal morbidity, or infant mortality. Methods: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial supplementing women (n = 2173) in Central Java, Indonesia throughout pregnancy with vitamin A, zinc, combined vitamin A+zinc, or placebo. Results: Out of 2173 supplemented pregnant women, 1956 neonates could be evaluated. Overall, zinc supplementation improved birth length compared to placebo or combined vitamin A+zinc (48.8 vs. 48.5 cm, p = 0.04); vitamin A supplementation improved birth length compared to placebo or combined vitamin A+zinc (48.7 vs. 48.2 cm, p = 0.04). These effects remained after adjusting for maternal height, pre-pregnancy weight, and parity. There was no effect of supplementation on birth weight, the proportion of low birth weight, neonatal morbidity, or mortality. Conclusions: Prenatal zinc or vitamin A supplementation demonstrates a small but significant effect on birth length, but supplementation with zinc, vitamin A or a combination of zinc and vitamin A, have no effect on birth weight, neonatal morbidity, or mortality.

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