Floral Initiation in Biloxi Soybeans as Influenced by Age and Position of Leaf Receiving Photoperiodic Treatment

1940 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 806-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Borthwick ◽  
M. W. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Photoperiodic Treatment

Daylength affects both free and conjugated indole-3-acetic acid levels in leaves and flowering in Doritis pulcherrima (orchid)

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 881-883
Author(s):  
Chiung-Kuei Huang, Wen-Shaw Chen ◽  
Yun-An Chen
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Short Day ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Photoperiodic Treatment ◽  
High Level ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Iaa Conjugates

Total indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) levels (free IAA plus IAA conjugates) in Doritis pulcherrima (Doritis pulcherrima Lindley, cv. S 84-335-2) leaves were threefold lower in plants exposed to 30 d of short-day (SD) conditions than in plants exposed to 30 d of long-day (LD) conditions. Free IAA levels were also significantly lower in SD-treated leaves than those in 0 day of photoperiodic treatment and 30 d of LD. Results indicate that plants exposed to 30 d of SD contained significantly higher levels of ester-IAA and reduced amide-IAA concentrations compared to those grown under LD conditions. A high level of ester-IAA and a reduction of amide-IAA in leaves may be related to increased SD floral initiation ability in D. pulcherrima. Key words: Doritis pulcherrima, floral initiation, indole-3-acetic acid, photoperiod

Photoperiod and Temperature Influence on Flower Initiation and Development for Euphorbia pulcherrima Grown Under Florida Conditions

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 509a-509
Author(s):  
C.E. Wieland ◽  
J.E. Barrett ◽  
D.G. Clark ◽  
G. J. Wilfret
Keyword(s):  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Euphorbia Pulcherrima ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Temperature Influence ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Time To Initiation ◽  
Growth Room ◽  
Maximum Temperatures

Four poinsettia cultivars were grown in glass greenhouses in Gainesville, Fla., in the Fall 1997 to evaluate differences in floral initiation and subsequent development. Three means of regulating photoperiod were 1) natural days 2) long-day lighting to 6 Oct. and then natural days (lights out) 3) long-day lighting to 6 Oct., and then short-day conditions by black cloth for 15 h (black cloth). At 2-day intervals, sample meristems were collected and examined for initiation of reproductive development. Average minimum and maximum temperatures during the first two weeks of October were 22 and 29 °C, respectively, with an average temperature of 25.3 °C. The overall average temperature was 23.2 °C from planting to anthesis. Differences in anthesis dates among cultivars were primarily due to time to initiation vs. rate of development. Under natural days, `Lilo' initiated first on 8 Oct. and `Freedom', `Peterstar', and `Success', followed by 6, 8, and 18 days, respectively. Lights out resulted in `Lilo' initiating 17 Oct., followed by `Freedom', `Peterstar', and `Success' initiating 7, 12, and 15 days later, respectively. Differences between cultivars in time of initiation was reduced under black cloth, where `Lilo' initiated 14 Oct., followed by `Freedom' 2 days later, and `Peterstar' and `Success' 7 days afterward. Initiation was positively correlated to visible bud and anthesis. First color was positively correlated to initiation and visible bud, with the exception of `Lilo'. Growth room studies conducted using various high temperatures and photoperiods indicated similar trends.

Effects of Night Breaks on Floral Initiation and Development in Saccharum 1

Crop Science ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 625-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. R. Julien ◽  
G. C. Soopramanien
Keyword(s):  
Floral Initiation

Effect of tiller age and time of nitrogen stress on seed production of Paspalum plicatulum

1973 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Chadhokar ◽  
L. R. Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Nitrogen Stress ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Final Maturation

SummaryPaspalum plicatulum was grown at Brisbane in boxes of sand receiving basal nutrients and frequent irrigation; weekly levels of ammonium nitrate application were varied according to growth and development stage.The rate of tiller appearance increased to a maximum 40–50 days after sowing and almost ceased thereafter. Tiller leaf number, survival, fertility, inflorescence branching, seeds per raceme and seed size were positively related to tiller age. Young tillers were more sensitive to variations in nitrogen supply than old tillers.Adequate nitrogen nutrition during the vegetative phase from sowing to floral initiation (93 days) increased tiller and hence inflorescence density; increased inflorescence branching was compensated by fewer seeds per raceme. Good nitrogen nutrition during the phase from floral initiation to inflorescence exsertion (142 days) increased survival of late-formed tillers and hence inflorescence density; inflorescence branching, seeds per raceme and seed size were also increased. Nitrogen stress during the final maturation phase did not affect seed yield.

Day-length influence on reproductive development and tillering in ‘Fergus’ barley

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (23) ◽  
pp. 2770-2775 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. Fairey ◽  
L. A. Hunt ◽  
N. C. Stoskopf
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Internode Elongation ◽  
Spikelet Number ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Initial Formation ◽  
Double Ridge

Effects of variation in day length on spikelet and tiller development were studied in a two-rowed barley, Hordeum vulgare L. cultivar ‘Fergus.’ Spikelet number and the length of the spikelet-forming phase increased with progressive reductions in day length from 24 to 12 h. However, increases in spikelet number were offset by abortion of spikelet primordia during spikelet differentiation and elongation of the stem internodes. Floral initiation occurred at all day lengths, but intemode elongation and heading were markedly delayed at 12 h. The cessation of spikelet initial formation and the beginning of internode elongation did not occur simultaneously in any day length. The latter began just before or at double ridge formation.Tiller numbers were highest at 12 h and progressively decreased in longer day lengths. Each plant produced four primary tillers at all day lengths, and differences in tiller number were accounted for by secondary and tertiary tiller production.

Responses of Some Turkish Wheat Cultivars to Vernalization and Photoperiod

1988 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-245
Author(s):  
Serpil Terzioğlu
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Photoperiodic Response ◽  
Reliable Information ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Primary Shoot ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
Short Days

SUMMARYThe vernalization and photoperiodic response of six locally adapted bread wheat cultivars grown under natural daylength conditions during the summer or winter months was examined in glasshouse experiments. The wheat was vernalized by chilling imbibed grains at 2 ± 1°C for 0, 15 or 45 days. Vernalization for 45 days followed by long summer days led to floral initiation in all cultivars within 28 days but vernalization for 0 or 15 days only led to floral initiation in one cultivar. Vernalization followed by long days reduced the time from transplanting to anthesis, resulting in early ear emergence. Vernalization followed by short days accelerated the development of all the cultivars, but normal development could also occur without vernalization at this time of year. Apical differentiation of the primary shoot and its length and development gave the most reliable information on the period of vernalization required.

scholarly journals GA4 Is the Active Gibberellin in the Regulation of LEAFY Transcription and Arabidopsis Floral Initiation

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 2172-2181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Eriksson ◽  
Henrik Böhlenius ◽  
Thomas Moritz ◽  
Ove Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Floral Initiation

Environmental and Genetic Control of Reproduction in Danthonia caespitosa Populations

1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
KC Hodgkinson ◽  
JA Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Floral Induction ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Inflorescence Development ◽  
Southern Limit ◽  
The North ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Controlled Environments

Seedlings and older plants of five populations of Danthonia caespitosa from south-eastern Australia were grown in controlled environments and in a transplant garden to determine the effect of day length, temperature, and vernalization of floral initiation and inflorescence development. The populations were selected from widely separated sites which spanned the latitudinal range (31-42°S.) for the species and extended from a hot, semiarid environment in the north to a relatively cool and moist temperature environment in the south. Examination of herbarium specimens indicated that seed set could occur as early as mid September at the northern limit for the species and not before mid January at the southern limit (Tasmania). In a uniform transplant garden located at Deniliquin (latitude 35° 23′S.) plants from the northern site reached anthesis 4 weeks earlier than plants from southern sites. Controlled environment experiments revealed that D. caespitosa is a long-day plant. Northern populations required a 9 . 5 hr day length or longer for floral induction compared with 11 hr or longer for southern populations. The number of days in inductive conditions (outside, day length 13.5 hr) required for floral initiation was 5-7 for the three most northern populations and 21-25 days for the two southern populations. Inflorescence development (initiation to flag leaf stage) was considerably slower in southern populations. All but the most northern population responded to vernalization. Flowering was earlier in temperatures that were optimal for plant growth. At high temperatures (36/31°C day/night) flowering was not significantly delayed for the three most northern populations, but was for the two southern populations, and florets contained caryopses in only the three northern populations. These results suggest that in cool and moist temperate habitats reproduction of this species is programmed by day length and temperature effects on floral initiation and development to coincide with a predictable growing season, whereas in hot semiarid habitats this control is relaxed, which permits opportunistic reproduction whenever soil moisture and temperature permit growth.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document