scholarly journals Streptococcus intermedius, Streptococcus constellatus, and Streptococcus anginosus ("Streptococcus milleri Group") Are of Different Clinical Importance and Are Not Equally Associated with Abscess

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1511-1515 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Clarridge ◽  
S. Attorri ◽  
D. M. Musher ◽  
J. Hebert ◽  
S. Dunbar
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Streptococcus Intermedius ◽  
Streptococcus Anginosus ◽  
Streptococcus Constellatus ◽  
Streptococcus Milleri ◽  
Streptococcus Milleri Group

scholarly journals Antibiotic Susceptibilities of Genetically Characterized Streptococcus milleri Group Strains

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 1511-1514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Tracy ◽  
Anna Wanahita ◽  
Yevgeny Shuhatovich ◽  
Elizabeth A. Goldsmith ◽  
Jill E. Clarridge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Streptococcus Anginosus ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Streptococcus Constellatus ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibilities ◽  
Streptococcus Milleri ◽  
Streptococcus Milleri Group ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

ABSTRACT Previous studies of the antibiotic susceptibility ofStreptococcus milleri group organisms have distinguished among species by using phenotypic techniques. Using 44 isolates that were speciated by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we studied the MICs and minimum bactericidal concentrations of penicillin, ampicillin, ceftriaxone, and clindamycin for Streptococcus intermedius, Streptococcus constellatus, and Streptococcus anginosus. None of the organisms was resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics, although a few isolates were intermediately resistant; one strain of S. anginosus was tolerant to ampicillin, and another was tolerant to ceftriaxone. Six isolates were resistant to clindamycin, with representation from each of the three species. Relatively small differences in antibiotic susceptibilities among species of the S. milleri group show that speciation is unlikely to be important in selecting an antibiotic to treat infection caused by one of these isolates.

scholarly journals A streptolysin S homologue is essential for β-haemolytic Streptococcus constellatus subsp. constellatus cytotoxicity

Microbiology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 160 (5) ◽  
pp. 980-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Tabata ◽  
Yuji Sato ◽  
Kentaro Maya ◽  
Kota Nakano ◽  
Ken Kikuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Haemolytic Activity ◽  
Deletion Mutants ◽  
Streptococcus Intermedius ◽  
Streptococcus Anginosus ◽  
Streptolysin S ◽  
Streptococcus Constellatus ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Relationship

Streptococcus constellatus is a member of the Anginosus group streptococci (AGS) and primarily inhabits the human oral cavity. S. constellatus is composed of three subspecies: S. constellatus subsp. constellatus (SCC), S. constellatus subsp. pharyngis and the newly described subspecies S. constellatus subsp. viborgensis. Although previous studies have established that SCC contains β-haemolytic strains, the factor(s) responsible for β-haemolysis in β-haemolytic SCC (β-SCC) has yet to be clarified. Recently, we discovered that a streptolysin S (SLS) homologue is the β-haemolytic factor of β-haemolytic Streptococcus anginosus subsp. anginosus (β-SAA), another member of the AGS. Furthermore, because previous studies have suggested that other AGS species, except for Streptococcus intermedius, do not possess a haemolysin(s) belonging to the family of cholesterol-dependent cytolysins, we hypothesized that, as with β-SAA, the SLS homologue is the β-haemolytic factor of β-SCC, and therefore aimed to investigate and characterize the haemolytic factor of β-SCC in the present study. PCR amplification revealed that all of the tested β-SCC strains were positive for the sagA homologue of SCC (sagA SCC). Further investigations using β-SCC strain W277 were conducted to elucidate the relationship between sagA SCC and β-haemolysis by constructing sagA SCC deletion mutants, which completely lost β-haemolytic activity. This loss of β-haemolytic activity was restored by trans-complementation of sagA SCC. Furthermore, a co-cultivation assay established that the cytotoxicity of β-SCC was clearly dependent on the presence of sagA SCC. These results demonstrate that sagA SCC is the factor responsible for β-SCC β-haemolysis and cytotoxicity.

A Rare Case of Myonecrosis with Soft-Tissue Emphysema in a Diabetic Foot Caused by Streptococcus anginosus Isolated in Pure Culture: A Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-307
Author(s):  
Jack Route ◽  
Joseph Anain
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Human Pathogen ◽  
Streptococcus Anginosus ◽  
Streptococcus Milleri ◽  
Streptococcus Milleri Group ◽  
Soft Tissue Emphysema ◽  
Prevalent Pathogen

Streptococcus anginosus (SAG) is a known human pathogen and member of the Streptococcus milleri group. SAG is a known bacterial cause of soft-tissue abscesses and bacteremia and is an increasingly prevalent pathogen in infections in patients with cystic fibrosis. We describe a rare case of SAG as an infectious agent in a case of nonclostridial myonecrosis with soft-tissue emphysema. This is the only case found in the literature of SAG cultured as a pure isolate in this type of infection and was associated with a prolonged course of treatment in an otherwise healthy patient.

scholarly journals Identification and molecular analysis of βC–S lyase producing hydrogen sulfide in Streptococcus intermedius

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1411-1419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuntaro Ito ◽  
Hideaki Nagamune ◽  
Haruki Tamura ◽  
Yasuo Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Enzymic Activity ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Kinetic Properties ◽  
Methionine Biosynthesis ◽  
Streptococcus Intermedius ◽  
Streptococcus Anginosus ◽  
Native Proteins ◽  
Streptococcus Constellatus ◽  
Crude Extracts

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a toxic gas that induces the modification and release of haemoglobin in erythrocytes; however, it also functions in methionine biosynthesis in bacteria. βC–S lyase, encoded by the lcd gene, is responsible for bacterial H2S production through the cleavage of l-cysteine. In this study, 26 of 29 crude extracts from reference and clinical strains of Streptococcus intermedius produced H2S from l-cysteine. The capacities in those strains were not higher than those in strains of the other anginosus group of streptococci, Streptococcus anginosus and Streptococcus constellatus, but were much greater than those in strains of Streptococcus gordonii, which is known to have an extremely low capacity for H2S production. Incubation of the remaining three extracts with l-cysteine did not result in H2S production. Sequence analysis revealed that the lcd genes from these three strains (S. intermedius strains ATCC 27335, IMU151 and IMU202) contained mutations or small deletions. H2S production in crude extracts prepared from S. intermedius ATCC 27335 was restored by repairing the lcd gene sequence in genomic DNA. The kinetic properties of the purified recombinant protein encoded by the repaired lcd gene were comparable to those of native proteins produced by H2S-producing strains, whereas the truncated protein produced by S. intermedius ATCC 27335 had no enzymic activity with l-cysteine or l-cystathionine. However, real-time PCR analysis indicated that the lcd gene in strains ATCC 27335, IMU151 and IMU202 is transcribed and regulated in a manner similar to that in the H2S-producing strain.

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