scholarly journals Functional T Cell Reconstitution and Human Immunodeficiency Virus–1–Specific Cell‐Mediated Immunity during Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

1999 ◽  
Vol 180 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Pontesilli ◽  
Susana Kerkhof‐Garde ◽  
Daan W. Notermans ◽  
Norbert A. Foudraine ◽  
Marijke T. L. Roos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
T Cell Reconstitution ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1

scholarly journals Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected Children: Analysis of Cellular Immune Responses

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 943-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Blazevic ◽  
Shirley Jankelevich ◽  
Seth M. Steinberg ◽  
Freda Jacobsen ◽  
Robert Yarchoan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

ABSTRACT The present study analyzes the effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on restoration of cellular immunity in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children over a 24-week period following initiation of HAART with ritonavir, nevirapine, and stavudine. The immunological parameters evaluated at four time points (at enrollment and at 4, 12, and 24 weeks of therapy) included cytokine production by monocytes as well as T-cell proliferation in response to mitogen, alloantigen, and recall antigens including HIV type 1 envelope peptides. Circulating levels of interleukin-16 (IL-16) were measured, in addition to CD4+ T-cell counts, plasma HIV RNA levels, and the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response. At enrollment the children exhibited defects in several immune parameters measured. Therapy increased CD4+ T-cell counts and decreased viral loads significantly. By contrast, the only immunological parameter that was significantly increased was IL-12 p70 production by monocytes; the DTH response to Candida albicans also showed a strong increase in patients becoming positive. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that HAART in HIV-infected children affects the dynamics of HIV replication and the CD4+ T-cell count over 24 weeks, similar to the pattern seen in HIV-infected adults. Furthermore, these data indicate improvement in antigen-presenting cell immunological function in HIV-infected children induced by HAART.

Longitudinal analysis of T-cell receptor gene use by CD8+ T cells in early human immunodeficiency virus infection in patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy

Blood ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna M. Schito ◽  
Eric Vittinghoff ◽  
Frederick M. Hecht ◽  
Mary K. Elkins ◽  
James O. Kahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Abstract The effects of early antiretroviral therapy on the peripheral CD8+ T-cell population were assessed by sequentially determining the T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire complexity in a cohort of 15 individuals recently diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Analysis was based on quantitative TCR variable B gene (TCRBV) usage and complementary-determining region 3 length assessment. Repertories were assessed at baseline and at weeks 2, 4, 12, 24, and 72 after initiation of therapy. Early administration of highly active antiretroviral therapy has a positive effect on the preservation and homeostasis of the CD8+ cell repertoire. Nevertheless, differences from average baseline and control TCR profiles and initial development of repertoire perturbations were observed. The findings suggest that additional therapeutic protocols will be required during primary infection to significantly prevent long-term erosion of the T-cell–mediated immune response.

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