Differences in the Luminosity Functions of Faint Early-Type and Faint Late-Type Galaxies in Four Nearby Clusters of Galaxies

1995 ◽  
Vol 452 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobunari Kashikawa ◽  
Kazuhiro Shimasaku ◽  
Masafumi Yagi ◽  
Naoki Yasuda ◽  
Mamoru Doi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clusters Of Galaxies ◽  
Early Type ◽  
Late Type ◽  
Luminosity Functions

scholarly journals Giant planets around AF and M stars

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (S299) ◽  
pp. 64-65
Author(s):  
Julien Rameau ◽  
Gaël Chauvin ◽  
Anne-Marie Lagrange ◽  
Philippe Delorme ◽  
Justine Lannier
Keyword(s):  
Giant Planets ◽  
Early Type ◽  
Late Type ◽  
M Dwarfs ◽  
Low Mass Stars ◽  
Planetary Mass ◽  
Nearby Stars ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
M Stars ◽  
The One

AbstractWe present the results of two three-year surveys of young and nearby stars to search for wide orbit giant planets. On the one hand, we focus on early-type and massive, namely β Pictoris analogs. On the other hand, we observe late type and very low mass stars, i.e., M dwarfs. We report individual detections of new planetary mass objects. According to our deep detection performances, we derive the observed frequency of giant planets between these two classes of parent stars. We find frequency between 6 to 12% but we are not able to assess a/no correlation with the host-mass.

Extragalactic X-ray sources and the diffuse X-ray background

1979 ◽  
Vol 366 (1726) ◽  
pp. 391-402 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Euclidean Space ◽  
Active Galaxies ◽  
Clusters Of Galaxies ◽  
Optical Identification ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Luminosity Functions ◽  
Sky Survey ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
X Ray Background

Results from the Ariel 5 sky survey instrument relating to the properties and the spatial distribution of extragalactic X-ray sources are discussed. The lg N -lg S relation for sources in the 2A catalogue is consistent with a uniform distribution of sources in Euclidean space. In addition, measure­ments of fluctuations in the X-ray background suggest that the Euclidean form of the source counts can be extrapolated to flux levels at least an order of magnitude fainter than the 2A catalogue limit. Information is also available from the optical identification of 2A sources which, through redshift measurements, enables the X-ray luminosity functions of the two main classes of source, namely clusters of galaxies and active galaxies, to be determined. The luminosity functions can be used to calculate the contribution of clusters of galaxies and active galaxies to the diffuse X-ray background in the 2-10 keV range. It is found that cosmological evolution of one or both populations is required to account for the diffuse X-ray background entirely in terms of the integrated emission from these sources.

Optical Identification of the ROSAT All-Sky Survey Sources in Two 2° × 2° Fields

1997 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 427-428
Author(s):  
Y. Zhao ◽  
J. Zhong ◽  
J. Wei ◽  
J. Hu ◽  
Q. Li
Keyword(s):  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Seyfert Galaxies ◽  
Astronomical Observatory ◽  
Active Galaxies ◽  
Clusters Of Galaxies ◽  
Late Type ◽  
Optical Identification ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sky Survey

AbstractWe used the CCD camera and spectrograph of the 2.16-m telescope of Beijing Astronomical Observatory to identify the ROSAT All-Sky survey sources in two 2° Ü 2° fields. Of a total of 16 X-ray sources, we identified 13 of them as follows: two QSOs, two Seyfert galaxies, two active galaxies, two clusters of galaxies, and five late-type stars. Three X-ray sources remained unidentified.

scholarly journals Supernova Rates

1996 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidney Van Den Bergh
Keyword(s):  
Luminosity Function ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Starburst Galaxies ◽  
Early Type ◽  
Late Type ◽  
Interstellar Absorption ◽  
Blue Galaxies ◽  
S0 Galaxies ◽  
Intermediate Redshifts ◽  
Parent Galaxy

Extragalactic supernova rates are reviewed. The main uncertainties in calculated rates are due to (1) the influence of the (still poorly known) luminosity function of supernova of a given type on “control times”, to (2) uncertain corrections for possible inclination - dependent bias in supernova discovery probabilities, and (3) interstellar absorption. The total supernova rate in late-type galaxies is found to be ∼ 2(H0/75)2 supernovae (SNe) per century per 1010LB(ʘ) This is consistent with the rate of 3 SNe per century that is derived from the historical data on Galactic supernovae. It is, however, a source of some concern that none of the three Galactic SNe expected to have occurred during the last century was actually observed!The expansion velocities of SNe Ia are found to correlate strongly with parent galaxy Hubble type. This relation is in the sense that low expansion velocities are only observed for those SNe Ia that occur in early-type galaxies. This suggests that V(exp) correlates with the ages of SNe Ia progenitors. It is speculated that the progenitors of a few SNe Ia with high V(exp) values in E and S0 galaxies were formed during recent starbursts.SNe Ia rates appear to be enhanced in post-starburst galaxies. It is suggested that supernova rates might be quite high in the recently discovered population of faint blue galaxies at intermediate redshifts.

Spectroscopic differences between supernovae of type IA in early-type and in late-type galaxies

1993 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 2231 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Branch ◽  
Sidney van den Bergh
Keyword(s):  
Early Type ◽  
Late Type ◽  
Type Ia

X-ray luminosity functions of clusters of galaxies

1991 ◽  
Vol 366 ◽  
pp. L61 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cavaliere ◽  
R. Burg ◽  
R. Giacconi
Keyword(s):  
Clusters Of Galaxies ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Luminosity Functions

On the progenitors of type IA supernovae in early-type and late-type galaxies

1994 ◽  
Vol 423 ◽  
pp. L31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo della Valle ◽  
Mario Livio
Keyword(s):  
Type Ia Supernovae ◽  
Early Type ◽  
Late Type ◽  
Type Ia ◽  
Ia Supernovae

scholarly journals A Simulation of Galaxy Formation by Radiation-SPH

2003 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 323-330
Author(s):  
Hajime Susa ◽  
Masayuki Umemura
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Radiation Field ◽  
Galaxy Formation ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Early Type ◽  
Late Type ◽  
Lower Redshift

We investigate galaxy formation with Radiation-SPH simulations in order to find the effects of ultraviolet background radiation field on the star formation in the forming galaxies. We find the ultraviolet background radiation field can delay the star formation in protogalactic clouds, especially at low redshift (z < 2). This result suggests that galaxies formed at lower redshift tend to be late type galaxies, and early type galaxies tend to be formed at higher redshift.

scholarly journals Decoupling the rotation of stars and gas – I. The relationship with morphology and halo spin

2019 ◽  
Vol 492 (2) ◽  
pp. 1869-1886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Duckworth ◽  
Rita Tojeiro ◽  
Katarina Kraljic
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Group Membership ◽  
Dark Matter Halo ◽  
Early Type ◽  
Late Type ◽  
Crucial Step ◽  
Fundamental Relationship ◽  
Gas Loss ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT We use a combination of data from the MaNGA survey and MaNGA-like observations in IllustrisTNG100 to determine the prevalence of misalignment between the rotational axes of stars and gas. This census paper outlines the typical characteristics of misaligned galaxies in both observations and simulations to determine their fundamental relationship with morphology and angular momentum. We present a sample of ∼4500 galaxies from MaNGA with kinematic classifications which we use to demonstrate that the prevalence of misalignment is strongly dependent on morphology. The misaligned fraction sharply increases going to earlier morphologies (28 ± 3 per cent of 301 early-type galaxies, 10 ± 1 per cent of 677 lenticulars, and 5.4 ± 0.6 per cent of 1634 pure late-type galaxies). For early-types, aligned galaxies are less massive than the misaligned sample whereas this trend reverses for lenticulars and pure late-types. We also find that decoupling depends on group membership for early-types with centrals more likely to be decoupled than satellites. We demonstrate that misaligned galaxies have similar stellar angular momentum to galaxies without gas rotation, much lower than aligned galaxies. Misaligned galaxies also have a lower gas mass than the aligned, indicative that gas loss is a crucial step in decoupling star–gas rotation. Through comparison to a mock MaNGA sample, we find that the strong trends with morphology and angular momentum hold true in IllustrisTNG100. We demonstrate that the lowered angular momentum is, however, not a transient property and that the likelihood of star–gas misalignment at $z$ = 0 is correlated with the spin of the dark matter halo going back to $z$ = 1.

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