Hybridization (N + N and 2N + N) of Facultative Apomictic Species in the Pennisetum Agamic Complex

1992 ◽  
Vol 153 (3, Part 1) ◽  
pp. 466-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Bashaw ◽  
M. A. Hussey ◽  
K. W. Hignight
Keyword(s):  
Agamic Complex ◽  
Apomictic Species

scholarly journals Genetic Transformation of Apomictic Grasses: Progress and Constraints

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés M. Bellido ◽  
Eduado D. Souza Canadá ◽  
Hugo R. Permingeat ◽  
Viviana Echenique
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Plant Transformation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Brachiaria Brizantha ◽  
Apomictic Species ◽  
Transformation Methods

The available methods for plant transformation and expansion beyond its limits remain especially critical for crop improvement. For grass species, this is even more critical, mainly due to drawbacks in in vitro regeneration. Despite the existence of many protocols in grasses to achieve genetic transformation through Agrobacterium or biolistic gene delivery, their efficiencies are genotype-dependent and still very low due to the recalcitrance of these species to in vitro regeneration. Many plant transformation facilities for cereals and other important crops may be found around the world in universities and enterprises, but this is not the case for apomictic species, many of which are C4 grasses. Moreover, apomixis (asexual reproduction by seeds) represents an additional constraint for breeding. However, the transformation of an apomictic clone is an attractive strategy, as the transgene is immediately fixed in a highly adapted genetic background, capable of large-scale clonal propagation. With the exception of some species like Brachiaria brizantha which is planted in approximately 100 M ha in Brazil, apomixis is almost non-present in economically important crops. However, as it is sometimes present in their wild relatives, the main goal is to transfer this trait to crops to fix heterosis. Until now this has been a difficult task, mainly because many aspects of apomixis are unknown. Over the last few years, many candidate genes have been identified and attempts have been made to characterize them functionally in Arabidopsis and rice. However, functional analysis in true apomictic species lags far behind, mainly due to the complexity of its genomes, of the trait itself, and the lack of efficient genetic transformation protocols. In this study, we review the current status of the in vitro culture and genetic transformation methods focusing on apomictic grasses, and the prospects for the application of new tools assayed in other related species, with two aims: to pave the way for discovering the molecular pathways involved in apomixis and to develop new capacities for breeding purposes because many of these grasses are important forage or biofuel resources.

scholarly journals Reproduction - a factor of plant evolution

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ion I. Bǎra
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Evolution ◽  
Relative Stability ◽  
Plant Evolution ◽  
Rapid Rate ◽  
Apomictic Species ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Material Expenditure

The process of reproduction (amphimixis and apomixis) represents a major factor of evolution. The facultative apomictic species are the pioneers of evolution. They combine the adventages of amphimixis (high degree of variability and heterogenesis) and apomixis (relative stability and low material expenditure) assuring a rapid rate of adaptive evolution.

A new species of the genus Alchemilla (Rosaceae) from Central Russia

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 227 (3) ◽  
pp. 282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Vyacheslavovich Chkalov
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Apomictic Species ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
A New Species

A new apomictic species of Alchemilla from several regions of Central Russia is here described as A. tzvelevii. Description and images of the principal morphological features of this species are provided. Alchemilla tzvelevii combines the features of quite distant groups (i.e. A. subsect. Pubescentes and A. subsect. Alchemilla ser. Alchemilla subser. Heptagonae). Its presumed hybridogenous origin is discussed.

Production of Maternal-type Plants through Crosses to Apomictic Species

Nature ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 204 (4953) ◽  
pp. 101-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEWIS E. AALDERS
Keyword(s):  
Apomictic Species

Quantitative Morphology of the Amelanchier Agamic Complex (Rosaceae) at a Maine Site

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison C. Dibble ◽  
Wesley A. Wright ◽  
Christopher S. Campbell ◽  
Craig W. Greene
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Morphology ◽  
Agamic Complex

scholarly journals Co-occurrence of related asexual, but not sexual, lineages suggests that reproductive interference limits coexistence

2017 ◽  
Vol 284 (1868) ◽  
pp. 20171579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeannette Whitton ◽  
Christopher J. Sears ◽  
Wayne P. Maddison
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
North American ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Reproductive Interference ◽  
Limiting Similarity ◽  
Viable Pollen ◽  
Agamic Complex ◽  
The North ◽  
Strong Asymmetry

We used randomizations to analyse patterns of co-occurrence of sexual and apomictic (asexual) members of the North American Crepis agamic complex (Asteraceae). We expect strong asymmetry in reproductive interactions in Crepis : apomicts produce clonal seeds with no need for pollination and are not subject to reproductive interference from co-occurring relatives. However, because they still produce some viable pollen, apomicts can reduce reproductive success of nearby sexual relatives, potentially leading to eventual local exclusion of sexuals. Consistent with this, randomizations reveal that sexuals are over-represented in isolated sites, while apomicts freely co-occur. Incorporation of taxonomic and phylogenetic evidence indicates that this pattern is not driven by local origins of asexuals. Our evidence that patterns of local co-occurrence are structured by reproductive interference suggests an underappreciated role for these interactions in community assembly, and highlights the need for explicit tests of the relative contributions of ecological and reproductive interactions in generating patterns of limiting similarity.

Description of a fertilization-independent obligate apomictic species: Corunastylis apostasioides Fitzg

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Marie Sorensen ◽  
D. T. Rouse ◽  
M. A. Clements ◽  
P. John ◽  
Enrico Perotti
Keyword(s):  
Apomictic Species

In vitro morphogenetic studies on three apomictic species of Garcinia

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajwant K. Kalia ◽  
S. K. Malik ◽  
Rekha Chaudhury
Keyword(s):  
Apomictic Species
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