Production of Maternal-type Plants through Crosses to Apomictic Species

Nature ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 204 (4953) ◽  
pp. 101-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEWIS E. AALDERS
Keyword(s):  
Apomictic Species

scholarly journals Genetic Transformation of Apomictic Grasses: Progress and Constraints

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés M. Bellido ◽  
Eduado D. Souza Canadá ◽  
Hugo R. Permingeat ◽  
Viviana Echenique
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Plant Transformation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Brachiaria Brizantha ◽  
Apomictic Species ◽  
Transformation Methods

The available methods for plant transformation and expansion beyond its limits remain especially critical for crop improvement. For grass species, this is even more critical, mainly due to drawbacks in in vitro regeneration. Despite the existence of many protocols in grasses to achieve genetic transformation through Agrobacterium or biolistic gene delivery, their efficiencies are genotype-dependent and still very low due to the recalcitrance of these species to in vitro regeneration. Many plant transformation facilities for cereals and other important crops may be found around the world in universities and enterprises, but this is not the case for apomictic species, many of which are C4 grasses. Moreover, apomixis (asexual reproduction by seeds) represents an additional constraint for breeding. However, the transformation of an apomictic clone is an attractive strategy, as the transgene is immediately fixed in a highly adapted genetic background, capable of large-scale clonal propagation. With the exception of some species like Brachiaria brizantha which is planted in approximately 100 M ha in Brazil, apomixis is almost non-present in economically important crops. However, as it is sometimes present in their wild relatives, the main goal is to transfer this trait to crops to fix heterosis. Until now this has been a difficult task, mainly because many aspects of apomixis are unknown. Over the last few years, many candidate genes have been identified and attempts have been made to characterize them functionally in Arabidopsis and rice. However, functional analysis in true apomictic species lags far behind, mainly due to the complexity of its genomes, of the trait itself, and the lack of efficient genetic transformation protocols. In this study, we review the current status of the in vitro culture and genetic transformation methods focusing on apomictic grasses, and the prospects for the application of new tools assayed in other related species, with two aims: to pave the way for discovering the molecular pathways involved in apomixis and to develop new capacities for breeding purposes because many of these grasses are important forage or biofuel resources.

scholarly journals Reproduction - a factor of plant evolution

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ion I. Bǎra
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Evolution ◽  
Relative Stability ◽  
Plant Evolution ◽  
Rapid Rate ◽  
Apomictic Species ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Material Expenditure

The process of reproduction (amphimixis and apomixis) represents a major factor of evolution. The facultative apomictic species are the pioneers of evolution. They combine the adventages of amphimixis (high degree of variability and heterogenesis) and apomixis (relative stability and low material expenditure) assuring a rapid rate of adaptive evolution.

A new species of the genus Alchemilla (Rosaceae) from Central Russia

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 227 (3) ◽  
pp. 282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Vyacheslavovich Chkalov
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Apomictic Species ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
A New Species

A new apomictic species of Alchemilla from several regions of Central Russia is here described as A. tzvelevii. Description and images of the principal morphological features of this species are provided. Alchemilla tzvelevii combines the features of quite distant groups (i.e. A. subsect. Pubescentes and A. subsect. Alchemilla ser. Alchemilla subser. Heptagonae). Its presumed hybridogenous origin is discussed.

Description of a fertilization-independent obligate apomictic species: Corunastylis apostasioides Fitzg

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Marie Sorensen ◽  
D. T. Rouse ◽  
M. A. Clements ◽  
P. John ◽  
Enrico Perotti
Keyword(s):  
Apomictic Species

In vitro morphogenetic studies on three apomictic species of Garcinia

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajwant K. Kalia ◽  
S. K. Malik ◽  
Rekha Chaudhury
Keyword(s):  
Apomictic Species

Taxonomic notes on Puccinellia teyberi (Poaceae), a critical species of Croatian flora

Biologia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandro Bogdanović ◽  
Salvatore Brullo ◽  
Antun Alegro ◽  
Ivana Rešetnik ◽  
Božena Mitić
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Apomictic Species ◽  
First Time

AbstractPuccinellia teyberi Hayek (Poaceae) is a critical species of the Croatian flora, described for the first time as Atropis rupestris Teyber from two small islets of central Adriatic Sea. Nomenclature, lectotypification, morphology, karyology, leaf anatomy, palynology, ecology and conservation status of this taxon are examined. According to these data, it must be treated as a distinct species, taxonomically related to P. convoluta and P. festuciformis. Besides, it represents a neoendemic apomictic species, confined to rocky costal places and having a punctiform distribution.

scholarly journals Genetic gain in apomictic species of the genus Paspalum

Revista CERES ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emerson André Pereira ◽  
Miguel Dall’Agnol ◽  
Karla Médici Saraiva ◽  
Carine Simioni ◽  
Ana Paula Steiner Leães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
Apomictic Species ◽  
Degree Of Association ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to provide means to obtain genetic gain in apomictic species of the genus Paspalum by identifying traits that simultaneously show high correlation and heritability. Thus, to determine the amount of phenotypic variation due to genetic and environmental effects and the degree of association between leaf dry matter production and other traits of forage interest that are easy to select and measure will bring agility and economy in the selection of forage species. The experiment was conducted in the years 2009/10 and 2010/11 in the municipalities of Eldorado do Sul and Augusto Pestana, RS, Brazil, in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The increase in the direct selection pressure on total and leaf dry matter of apomictic accesses of the genus Paspalum is enhanced by a greater contribution of genetic effects than environmental effects on the composition of the phenotypic variance. Efficient genetic gain in leaf production is achieved by indirect selection of total dry matter, which is a trait of high heritability and easy to select and measure.

scholarly journals Atlas Florae EuropaeaeNotes 31.Sorbus javorkana(Rosaceae), a Redescribed Apomictic Species from the Gömör—Torna (Gemer—Turňa) Karst in Hungary and Slovakia

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (4-6) ◽  
pp. 229-237
Author(s):  
Lajos Somlyay ◽  
Zsuzsa Lisztes-Szabó ◽  
András Vojtkó ◽  
Alexander N. Sennikov
Keyword(s):  
Apomictic Species

scholarly journals Taraxacum pudicum, a new apomictic microspecies of T. section Erythrosperma (Asteraceae) from Central Europe

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 227 (3) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radim J. Vašut ◽  
Ľuboš Majeský
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Apomictic Species ◽  
Species Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
A New Species

A new species of apomictic lesser dandelions, Taraxacum pudicum Vašut & Majeský is described. This species is a triploid diplosporous apomict, it belongs to the T. scanicum group and grows in the SE part of Central Europe, with the highest frequency found in southern Bohemia and Moravia. Species characteristics, notes on ecology and chorology are given. The relationship to other taxa and the controversy surrounding the description of apomictic species are discussed in this paper.

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