The Cost of Defense Against Herbivores: An Experimental Study of Trichome Production in Brassica rapa

1993 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 338-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Agren ◽  
Douglas W. Schemske
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Cost Of Defense ◽  
The Cost

An Experimental Test of the Effects of a Monetary Incentive on Cooperation Rates and Data Collection Costs in Central-Location Interviewing

1983 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick Wiseman ◽  
Marianne Schafer ◽  
Richard Schafer
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Experimental Test ◽  
Monetary Incentive ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Central Location ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Collection Costs

The authors describe an experimental study designed to determine the effects of a monetary incentive on (1) a potential respondent's decision to participate in a central-location interview, (2) that person's expressed willingness to participate in a future survey, and (3) the cost of data collection.

scholarly journals An Experimental Study to Evaluate the Impact of the Programming Paradigm in the Testing Activity

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone de Rocio Senger de Souza ◽  
Marllos Paiva Prado ◽  
Ellen Francine Barbosa ◽  
José Carlos Maldonado
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Programming Paradigm ◽  
Time Restrictions ◽  
Activity Cost ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Programming Paradigms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Initial Results ◽  
Testing Criteria

Several techniques and criteria are available to help conducting testing activity. The choice for one of them depends on different aspects, such as the time restrictions, ef- fectiveness of the testing criteria or the features of the program under test. In this context, the programming paradigm might influence in the testing activity cost. This paper presents the results of an experimental study to characterize and evaluate the cost and strength of structural and functional testing criteria, comparing object-oriented and procedural programming paradigms. A set of 32 programs from the data structure do- main was considered in this study. The main goals in the execution of this research were: i) to obtain initial results about the investigated questions; ii) to generate artifacts which can be used as basis to define and conduct further experimental studies; iii) to support training and teaching of software testing activity.

Experimental Study on Neotype Anchor System in Tower of Cable-Stayed Bridge

2010 ◽  
Vol 163-167 ◽  
pp. 2017-2022
Author(s):  
Dong Lian Tan ◽  
Feng Jiang Qin ◽  
Di Jin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Full Size ◽  
Anchor System ◽  
Good Working ◽  
Cable Stayed Bridge ◽  
Size Model ◽  
Test Investigation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Of Construction

Concrete is used in tower, and steel is used in anchor zone. It can make full use of the two materials’ nature. It can not only satisfy the tower’s stressed aptitude, but also can reduce the cost of construction. In this paper, the full size model has been designed and constructed. The test investigation of the statical performance have been proceeded. The results show that the neotype anchor system can make full use of the materials’ nature and is in good working order. The anchor system with enough bearing capacity satisfies the operating requiements of the cable-stayed bridge.

scholarly journals Cost of Defense in the Context of Plant Competition: Brassica rapa May Grow and Defend

Ecology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 505 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Siemens ◽  
Shannon H. Garner ◽  
Thomas Mitchell-Olds ◽  
Ragan M. Callaway
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Plant Competition ◽  
Cost Of Defense

scholarly journals Experimental study of concrete prepared by kota stone dust, bagasse ash, and recycled concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 889 (1) ◽  
pp. 012040
Author(s):  
Harshdeep Vani ◽  
Sahil Arora
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Recycled Concrete ◽  
Recycled Aggregate ◽  
Green Concrete ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Gas Formation ◽  
Stone Dust ◽  
The Cost

Abstract This paper mainly deals with the cost analysis of the concrete which is prepared using environmental waste which forms pollution and having its disposable issue also. This concrete may be termed as green concrete because the use of these materials decreases the harmful gas formation of the concrete. This paper deals with Kota Stone Dust, Bagasse Ash, and Recycled coarse aggregates. The concrete is prepared by the various ratios of Kota Stone in order of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30%. The use of bagasse ash was done in ratio 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and use of Recycled Aggregate was done in ratio of 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%. After the successful experimental study of concrete using this material the cost reduction for M25 grade of concrete was found to be 645 INR.

scholarly journals Rotary ultrasonic machining of SiCp/Al composites: An experimental study on cutting force and machinability

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 168781401989832
Author(s):  
Ming Wang ◽  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Ming Zhou ◽  
Qun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Grinding Force ◽  
Ultrasonic Machining ◽  
Processing Quality ◽  
Rotary Ultrasonic Machining ◽  
The Cost

To improve the processing quality and reduce the cost of SiCp/Al composites has become a key problem for its application. Rotary ultrasonic machining is highly suitable for machining of SiCp/Al composites with a medium or high volume fraction of reinforced phase, and the processing quality and efficiency could be improved greatly. In this article, the rotary ultrasonic machining experiments were performed for the SiCp/Al composites reinforced with 45% volume fraction, and the effects of processing parameters on the cutting force of face and flank machining were studied. The cutting force values reduce significantly, and the grinding force ratios Fn/ Ft of face and flank machining are 2.843 and 1.336, respectively, which indicate that better machinability can be achieved for SiCp/Al composites using rotary ultrasonic machining.

The Cost of Defense Alternatives

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Cost Of Defense ◽  
The Cost

Experimental Study on High Intensity Magnetic Separator of Coal of Pingdingshan G Unit

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 1849-1855
Author(s):  
Hong Guang Jiao ◽  
Rui Xia Tian
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Vibration Frequency ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pulverized Coal ◽  
Magnetic Separator ◽  
Desulfurization Rate ◽  
Pole Type ◽  
Ash Removal ◽  
The Cost

Self-made pairs of pole-type magnetic separator using materials of NdFeB. Permanent high gradient magnetic separator do without excitation current, the equipment with low cost, low operating costs, and highlights the advantages of small floor space, etc. Using stainless steel nets as a poly-magnetic medium, we conducted a dry separation experimental study on high-sulfur coal of Pingdingshan G unit, focusing on the vibration frequency; number of sorting and pulverized coal size, and the effect on the separation. The results showed that: the increase in desulfurization rate and ash removal rate is based on the cost of losses of clean coal yield. When vibration frequency is 50HZ, the pulverized coal with 100-200 mesh through three times sorting, the desulfurization rate and ash removal rate is 28.02% and 22.43%, and the corresponding coal production rate is 80.79%.

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