Foraging Behavior of a Central-Place Forager: Field Tests of Theoretical Predictions

1988 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip F. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Central Place Forager

scholarly journals Trade-offs between energy maximization and parental care in a central place forager, the sea otter

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 1552-1566 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.M. Thometz ◽  
M.M. Staedler ◽  
J.A. Tomoleoni ◽  
J.L. Bodkin ◽  
G.B. Bentall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parental Care ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Sea Otter ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Energy Maximization ◽  
Central Place Forager

scholarly journals Multiple-stage decisions in a marine central-place forager

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 160043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ari S. Friedlaender ◽  
David W. Johnston ◽  
Reny B. Tyson ◽  
Amanda Kaltenberg ◽  
Jeremy A. Goldbogen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Foraging Efficiency ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Air Breathing ◽  
Baleen Whales ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Central Place Forager ◽  
Prey Patches

Air-breathing marine animals face a complex set of physical challenges associated with diving that affect the decisions of how to optimize feeding. Baleen whales (Mysticeti) have evolved bulk-filter feeding mechanisms to efficiently feed on dense prey patches. Baleen whales are central place foragers where oxygen at the surface represents the central place and depth acts as the distance to prey. Although hypothesized that baleen whales will target the densest prey patches anywhere in the water column, how depth and density interact to influence foraging behaviour is poorly understood. We used multi-sensor archival tags and active acoustics to quantify Antarctic humpback whale foraging behaviour relative to prey. Our analyses reveal multi-stage foraging decisions driven by both krill depth and density. During daylight hours when whales did not feed, krill were found in deep high-density patches. As krill migrated vertically into larger and less dense patches near the surface, whales began to forage. During foraging bouts, we found that feeding rates (number of feeding lunges per hour) were greatest when prey was shallowest, and feeding rates decreased with increasing dive depth. This strategy is consistent with previous models of how air-breathing diving animals optimize foraging efficiency. Thus, humpback whales forage mainly when prey is more broadly distributed and shallower, presumably to minimize diving and searching costs and to increase feeding rates overall and thus foraging efficiency. Using direct measurements of feeding behaviour from animal-borne tags and prey availability from echosounders, our study demonstrates a multi-stage foraging process in a central place forager that we suggest acts to optimize overall efficiency by maximizing net energy gain over time. These data reveal a previously unrecognized level of complexity in predator–prey interactions and underscores the need to simultaneously measure prey distribution in marine central place forager studies.

Cyclic analysis of axially loaded piles in calcareous soils

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Y. Lee ◽  
H. G. Poulos
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Nonlinear Analysis ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Laboratory Model ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Degradation Model ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Static And Cyclic Loading ◽  
Axially Loaded Piles

This paper describes a simple nonlinear pile-soil interface model incorporated into a modified boundary element analysis to simulate the behaviour of piles in calcareous soils subjected to both static and cyclic loading. A shaft resistance degradation model and a cyclic secant soil modulus degradation model are proposed, and implemented in the nonlinear analysis. Parametric solutions are presented which examine the overall characteristics of axial pile response determined from the nonlinear analysis. Comparisons are made between the theoretical predictions and the measured results of laboratory model tests and published field tests of grouted piles in calcareous soils. These comparisons enable some conclusions to be drawn regarding the suitability of alternative nonlinear analyses. Key words : grouted piles, cyclic loading, calcareous soils, nonlinear analysis.

scholarly journals Patterns of energy acquisition by a central place forager: benefits of alternating short and long foraging trips

2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 824-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Ropert-Coudert ◽  
Rory P. Wilson ◽  
Francis Daunt ◽  
Akiko Kato
Keyword(s):  
Central Place ◽  
Energy Acquisition ◽  
Central Place Forager

Behavioural switching in a central place forager: patterns of diving behaviour in the macaroni penguin (Eudyptes chrysolophus)

2010 ◽  
Vol 157 (7) ◽  
pp. 1543-1553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Hart ◽  
Richard Mann ◽  
Tim Coulson ◽  
Nathalie Pettorelli ◽  
Phil Trathan
Keyword(s):  
Central Place ◽  
Diving Behaviour ◽  
Macaroni Penguin ◽  
Eudyptes Chrysolophus ◽  
Behavioural Switching ◽  
Central Place Forager

scholarly journals Characterizing habitat suitability for a central-place forager in a dynamic marine environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 2788-2801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana K. Briscoe ◽  
Sabrina Fossette ◽  
Kylie L. Scales ◽  
Elliott L. Hazen ◽  
Steven J. Bograd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Central Place Forager

scholarly journals Pronounced Seasonal Changes in the Movement Ecology of a Highly Gregarious Central-Place Forager, the African Straw-Coloured Fruit Bat (Eidolon helvum)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e0138985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Fahr ◽  
Michael Abedi-Lartey ◽  
Thomas Esch ◽  
Miriam Machwitz ◽  
Richard Suu-Ire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Movement Ecology ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Fruit Bat ◽  
Eidolon Helvum ◽  
Central Place Forager
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