The North Americans of Yesterday

1901 ◽  
Vol 35 (414) ◽  
pp. 501-503
Keyword(s):  
North Americans ◽  
The North

scholarly journals Brazilian norms for the International Affective Picture System (IAPS): comparison of the affective ratings for new stimuli between Brazilian and North-American subjects

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Lasaitis ◽  
Rafaela Larsen Ribeiro ◽  
Orlando Francisco Amodeo Bueno
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
International Affective Picture System ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
North Americans ◽  
The North ◽  
Reliable Instrument ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Normative Ratings

OBJECTIVE: The study presents the Brazilian norms for 240 new stimuli from International Affective Picture System (IAPS), a database of affective images widely used in research, compared to the North-American normative ratings. METHODS: The participants were 448 Brazilian university students from several courses (269 women and 179 men) with mean age of 24.2 (SD = 7.8), that evaluated the IAPS pictures in the valence, arousal and dominance dimensions by the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM) scales. Data were compared across the populations by Pearson linear correlation and Student's t-tests. RESULTS: Correlations were highly significant for all dimensions; however, Brazilians' averages for arousal were higher than North-Americans'. CONCLUSIONS: The results show stability in relation to the first part of the Brazilian standardization and they are also consistent with the North-American standards, despite minor differences relating to interpretation of the arousal dimension, demonstrating that IAPS is a reliable instrument for experimental studies in the Brazilian population.

scholarly journals Fashion industry, innovation and intellectual property / Indústria da moda, inovação e propriedade intelectual

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Maristela Basso
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Intermediate Position ◽  
The Other ◽  
Legal Norm ◽  
Fashion Design ◽  
Fashion Industry ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
North Americans ◽  
The North ◽  
The One

Bearing in mind the absence of specific legal norm on “fashion design” and the lack of expertise of ourjudges, Brazilian courts have recognized some degree of protection for designs granted by the fashion industry.They do not deny protection, as the North Americans who exclude the utilitarian aspects, nor even declarerights as vast as in French law. The trend of the judged in Brazil is in an intermediate position. That is, they aimto encourage innovation, on the one hand, and on the other, limit copying, requiring incremental elements toprovide protection.

The extent of the North American boreal zone

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (NA) ◽  
pp. 101-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Brandt
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Boreal Zone ◽  
Poor Agreement ◽  
Transitional Area ◽  
North American Continent ◽  
North Americans ◽  
The North ◽  
A Current

The circumpolar boreal zone is one of the world’s major biogeoclimatic zones, covering much of North America and Eurasia with forests, woodlands, wetlands, and lakes. It regulates climate, acts as a reservoir for biological and genetic diversity, plays a key role in biogeochemical cycles, and provides renewable resources, habitat, and recreational opportunities. Poor agreement exists amongst scientists regarding this zone’s delimitation and the areal extent of boreal forests, even though the zone has been well-studied. This paper reviews the literature on the phytogeography of the zone and makes use of a geographic information system (GIS) and published maps to delineate a current map of the North American boreal zone and the hemiboreal subzone, which is a transitional area lying immediately to the south of the boreal zone that is usually included in the boreal zone by Europeans but excluded by North Americans. On the basis of the map described here, the boreal zone covers about 627 million ha, or 29% of the North American continent north of Mexico. If the hemiboreal subzone, at 116 million ha, is included, then 34% of the same area is covered. Forests and other wooded land (362 million ha) cover 58% of the North American boreal zone on the basis of current forest inventory data. With forests and other wooded land of the hemiboreal subzone (68 million ha) factored in, this percentage remains basically unchanged. Values reported in this paper are compared with other published statistics. Important sources of error contributing to differences in areal statistics are discussed.

scholarly journals Soft Tissue Profile in White Brazilian Adults with Normal Occlusions and Well-Balanced Faces

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helio Scavone ◽  
Wesley Zahn-Silva ◽  
Karyna Martins do Valle-Corotti ◽  
Ana Carla Raphaelli Nahás
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
American Women ◽  
White American ◽  
North Americans ◽  
The North ◽  
Nasolabial Angle ◽  
Soft Tissue Profile ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
White American Women

Abstract Objective: To analyze anteroposterior soft tissue facial parameters for a sample of white Brazilian adults and to compare these measurements with the values proposed for white North American adults. Materials and Methods: Facial profile photographs were taken of 59 white Brazilians (30 men and 29 women) with normal occlusions and balanced faces with ages ranging from 18 to 30 years. The independent Student's t-test (P < .05) was used to compare the soft tissue parameters of the Brazilians with those of the North Americans. Results: White Brazilian women presented a less protruded face compared with white American women except for the glabella region. White Brazilian women showed a smaller nasal projection, less protruded upper and lower lips, a more obtuse nasolabial angle, and a smaller projection of the B′ point and chin than white American women. Conversely, the two male groups demonstrated less evident soft tissue profile differences, with the exception of the nose projection, which was smaller in white Brazilian men than in white American men. Conclusions: A universal standard of facial esthetic is not applicable to diverse white populations. Differences regarding the soft tissue profile features were found between white Brazilians and white Americans. These differences should be considered in the orthodontic/orthognathic surgery diagnosis and treatment plan for white Brazilians together with the patient's individual opinion and perception of beauty.

North America’s Commerce in a Revolutionary Era

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy Matson
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
British Empire ◽  
North American ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
Far East ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Revolutionary Era ◽  
Spanish Caribbean ◽  
North Americans ◽  
The North

This is an advance summary of a forthcoming article in the Oxford Research Encyclopedia of American History. Please check back later for the full article. A long revolutionary era beginning in the 1770s and continuing into the 1820s profoundly altered North American commerce. The North American movement for independence from the British empire disrupted channels of trade in people and goods as embargoes and blockades shut down major transition points between continents or islands and the Atlantic Ocean, privateering crews of different empires seized vessels, wartime activities challenged the slave trade, and the economic fortunes of many international traders forced them to migrate, find new avenues of commerce, or retire altogether. Only a handful of well-placed merchants prospered during the North American Revolution by securing military supply contracts or engaging in illicit commerce, especially in the French and Spanish Caribbean. Despite many North Americans’ expectations for a rapid recovery after the Peace of Paris, recovery and new prosperity emerged slowly. Old connections to England, despite the revolutionary separation, recovered most quickly; but these connections were available to a small percentage of well-placed merchants, and often they were built on new foundations with new immigrants to North America. Moreover, England’s policy makers were intent upon limiting North American trade to parts of the world—especially the Caribbean—where the British empire hoped to control markets. A spike in vessel and crew seizures ensued during the 1780s. Within the Western Hemisphere, the French and Haitian revolutions also deeply unsettled many essential ties to British, French, and Spanish Caribbean markets, so that by the end of the 1790s North American merchants who wished to stay in commerce had been compelled to diversify their ports of call and seek new markets in South America, the Gulf Coast, and northern Europe. Meanwhile, the slave trade revived. When North American commerce began to flourish after the 1790s, revolutions in South America had a far less deleterious effect on the movement of goods and people. By then, the demand for provisions during the global spread of the Napoleonic wars, the opening of markets in the Far East, the expanding exporting potential of North Americans (especially flour and cotton), and their re-export commerce (especially sugar) rose above some of the constraints of earlier years.

The Hamlet Affair: Charles Lyell and the North Americans

Isis ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Silliman
Keyword(s):  
Charles Lyell ◽  
North Americans ◽  
The North ◽  
The Hamlet

scholarly journals El héroe en “Luna verde” como espacio de las contradicciones que constituyen el proceso de la nacionalidad

2018 ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Ibáñez Castejón
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Panama Canal ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Specific Point ◽  
North Americans ◽  
The North ◽  
Collective Response ◽  
Panama Canal Zone ◽  
And Gender

Luna verde, narración muy influyente dentro de la literatura panameña contemporánea, ha establecido y desarrollado los tópicos de lo que se conoce como novela canalera. Este subgénero se circunscribe a la denuncia de los hechos ocurridos en la Zona del Canal de Panamá, donde la ocupación norteamericana se constituye en un régimen despótico. El relato se basa en la construcción de un héroe que va de la soledad existencial al reconocimiento de sí mismo y de su pueblo. En función de ello, plantea diferentes dicotomías de índole político, racial, ideológico, de género e histórico, que se analizarán considerando su objetivo realista y testimonial, y su fuerte impronta relacionada con el nacionalismo romántico. El personaje, Ramón de Roquebert, en el contexto del fracaso de la nación liberal, que provocó la concesión a una potencia extranjera de parte del territorio panameño, narra su propio desencanto y su búsqueda de una respuesta individual y colectiva, primero como trabajador y luego como estudiante. En la unión de ambos roles yace la iniciativa que la nacionalidad espera para afirmarse a sí misma.Luna verde is a very influential narration within contemporary Panamanian literature. It has endowed and developed the topics of what is known as the «novela canalera». This subgenre denounces the events that occurred in the Panama Canal Zone, where the North Americans established a despotic regime. The story is based on the formation of a hero who goes from existential loneliness to the identification of his people and himself. Subsequently, the novel exposes various dichotomies of a political, racial, ideological, historical and gender character, which will be analyzed in the light of its realistic and testimonial purpose and its strong imprint related to romantic nationalism. The main character, Ramon de Roquebert, narrates his own disenchantment and his search for an individual and collective response, first as a worker and then as student. In the union of both roles lies the initiative that nationality hopes to assert itself. This should be analyzed from a specific point of view which takes into consideration the context of the failure of the liberal nation, that ultimately leads to the concession of part of the Panamanian territory to a foreign power.

The Need for an Inter-American Approach

1965 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Henry King Stanford
Keyword(s):  
American Studies ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
The South ◽  
Good Judgment ◽  
North Americans ◽  
The North ◽  
Major Emphasis ◽  
Scholarly Attention

Fortunate good judgment led the founders of the Journal of Inter-American Studies to place major emphasis in their new enterprise of six years ago on the most neglected aspect of studies related to the western hemisphere: the Inter-American aspect.North Americans at that time had long been devoting scholarly attention to their neighbors to the South. But generally their study — sympathetic and understanding though it was — was of one people looking at other peoples through eyes that saw backgrounds, outlooks, and problems essentially different from their own. Thinking on the part of the North Americans was in terms of Latin American studies, Hispanic American studies, or even South American studies.

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