The infrared response of molecular hydrogen gas to ultraviolet radiation - High-density regions

1989 ◽  
Vol 338 ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sternberg ◽  
A. Dalgarno
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Molecular Hydrogen ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
High Density

scholarly journals Estimation of the hydrogen concentration in rat tissue using an airtight tube following the administration of hydrogen via various routes

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Liu ◽  
Ryosuke Kurokawa ◽  
Masayuki Fujino ◽  
Shinichi Hirano ◽  
Bunpei Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Concentration ◽  
Intravenous Administration ◽  
Molecular Hydrogen ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Rat Blood ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Rat Tissue

Abstract Hydrogen exerts beneficial effects in disease animal models of ischemia-reperfusion injury as well as inflammatory and neurological disease. Additionally, molecular hydrogen is useful for various novel medical and therapeutic applications in the clinical setting. In the present study, the hydrogen concentration in rat blood and tissue was estimated. Wistar rats were orally administered hydrogen super-rich water (HSRW), intraperitoneal and intravenous administration of hydrogen super-rich saline (HSRS) and inhalation of hydrogen gas. A new method for determining the hydrogen concentration was then applied using high-quality sensor gas chromatography, after which the specimen was prepared via tissue homogenization in airtight tubes. This method allowed for the sensitive and stable determination of the hydrogen concentration. The hydrogen concentration reached a peak at 5 minutes after oral and intraperitoneal administration, compared to 1 minute after intravenous administration. Following inhalation of hydrogen gas, the hydrogen concentration was found to be significantly increased at 30 minutes and maintained the same level thereafter. These results demonstrate that accurately determining the hydrogen concentration in rat blood and organ tissue is very useful and important for the application of various novel medical and therapeutic therapies using molecular hydrogen.

scholarly journals Reducing Interface Traps with High Density Hydrogen Treatment to Increase Passivated Emitter Rear Contact Cell Efficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Cheng Yang ◽  
Po-Hsun Chen ◽  
Ting-Chang Chang ◽  
Wan-Ching Su ◽  
Sung-Yu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
High Density ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Hydrogen Treatment ◽  
Interface Traps ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Cell Efficiency

AbstractIn this work, a high-density hydrogen (HDH) treatment is proposed to reduce interface traps and enhance the efficiency of the passivated emitter rear contact (PERC) device. The hydrogen gas is compressed at pressure (~ 70 atm) and relatively low temperature (~ 200 °C) to reduce interface traps without changing any other part of the device’s original fabrication process. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the enhancement of Si–H bonding and secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) confirmed the SiN/Si interface traps after the HDH treatment. In addition, electrical measurements of conductance-voltage are measured and extracted to verify the interface trap density (Dit). Moreover, short circuit current density (Jsc), series resistance (Rs), and fill factor (F.F.) are analyzed with a simulated light source of 1 kW M−2 global AM1.5 spectrum to confirm the increase in cell efficiency. External quantum efficiency (EQE) is also measured to confirm the enhancement in conversion efficiency between different wavelengths. Finally, a model is proposed to explain the experimental result before and after the treatment.

scholarly journals Inhalation of Molecular Hydrogen, a Rescue Treatment for Noise-Induced Hearing Loss

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anette Elisabeth Fransson ◽  
Pernilla Videhult Pierre ◽  
Mårten Risling ◽  
Göran Frans Emanuel Laurell
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Molecular Hydrogen ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Outer Hair Cells ◽  
Broadband Noise ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Rescue Treatment ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Noise exposure is the most important external factor causing acquired hearing loss in humans, and it is strongly associated with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cochlea. Several studies reported that the administration of various compounds with antioxidant effects can treat oxidative stress-induced hearing loss. However, traditional systemic drug administration to the human inner ear is problematic and has not been successful in a clinical setting. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop rescue treatment for patients with acute acoustic injuries. Hydrogen gas has antioxidant effects, rapid distribution, and distributes systemically after inhalation.The purpose of this study was to determine the protective efficacy of a single dose of molecular hydrogen (H2) on cochlear structures. Guinea pigs were divided into six groups and sacrificed immediately after or at 1 or 2 weeks. The animals were exposed to broadband noise for 2 h directly followed by 1-h inhalation of 2% H2 or room air. Electrophysiological hearing thresholds using frequency-specific auditory brainstem response (ABR) were measured prior to noise exposure and before sacrifice. ABR thresholds were significantly lower in H2-treated animals at 2 weeks after exposure, with significant preservation of outer hair cells in the entire cochlea. Quantification of synaptophysin immunoreactivity revealed that H2 inhalation protected the cochlear inner hair cell synaptic structures containing synaptophysin. The inflammatory response was greater in the stria vascularis, showing increased Iba1 due to H2 inhalation.Repeated administration of H2 inhalation may further improve the therapeutic effect. This animal model does not reproduce conditions in humans, highlighting the need for additional real-life studies in humans.

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