scholarly journals Further Studies of Sodium Transport in Feline Red Cells

1973 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 709-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. I. Sha'afi ◽  
E. Pascoe
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Na Transport ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Radioactive Sodium ◽  
Lag Period ◽  
Magnitude Increase ◽  
Human Red Cells

The transport of radioactive sodium in high sodium cat red blood cells has been studied under various experimental conditions. It was found that iodoacetate (IAA) and iodoacetamide (IAM) inhibit Na influx by 50% whereas NaF has no effect. Reversible dyes, such as methylene blue (Mb), also inhibit this influx by 60%. Both IAA and Mb effects show a lag period of about 40 min. Cell starvation abolishes the volume-dependent Na influx which is generally observed in these cells. IAA reduces significantly the volume-dependent Na influx but does not inhibit it completely. 5 mM magnesium chloride produces a twofold increase in Na influx. On the other hand, MgCl2 has no effect on Na transport in human red cells or on potassium or sulfate transport in cat red cells. The effect of MgCl2 is quite rapid and does not interfere with the volume-dependent Na influx. This effect is abolished in starved cells. Reincubation of previously stored cells in buffered solutions containing glucose and MgCl2 causes more than one order of magnitude increase in Na influx. These several observations are discussed in terms of the possibility of a link between Na transport and Na-Mg-activated ATPase.

scholarly journals Sodium Movement in High Sodium Feline Red Cells

1971 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 684-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. I. Sha'afi ◽  
J. J. Hajjar
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Unusual Behavior ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Medium Osmolarity ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Temperature Errors ◽  
Human Red Cells

The transport of Na in the cat red cells has been studied under various experimental conditions. The unidirectional radioactive Na influx increased with increasing temperature until it reached a maximum value at 37°C ± 2°C and then decreased with a further increase in temperature. Errors stated in this paper represent 1.0 standard errors of the mean. The apparent activation energy was calculated in the region between 25 and 37°C and was found to be 4.9 ± 0.5 kcal/mole. Copper at a concentration of 0.04 mM inhibited this influx by 65%. When cells were suspended in isosmotic KCl buffer, cell volume was found to decrease initially with time. This unusual behavior is discussed in terms of Na to K preference of the cell membrane. In cat red cells, Na influx was found to increase about 13-fold when cell volume was decreased from 1.16 normal to 0.87. This effect could not be reproduced when the medium osmolarity was changed only by the addition of urea, a permeating molecule. On the other hand, K influx was found to decrease from 0.24 ± 0.03 mEq/liters RBC, hr at a relative cellular volume equal to 1.0 to 0.11 ± 0.01 mEq/liters RBC, hr at a cell volume of 0.75. Na influx in human red cells did not show any significant dependence on cell volume. The properties of Na movement in the cat red cells are compared to those of human red cells.

scholarly journals Red blood cell size is important for adherence of blood platelets to artery subendothelium

Blood ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
PA Aarts ◽  
PA Bolhuis ◽  
KS Sakariassen ◽  
RM Heethaar ◽  
JJ Sixma
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Cell Diameter ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
Platelet Adherence ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

Abstract The hematocrit is one of the main factors influencing platelet adherence to the vessel wall. Raising the hematocrit causes an increase of platelet accumulation of about an order of magnitude. Our studies concern the role of red cell size. We have studied this effect using an annular perfusion chamber, according to Baumgartner, with human umbilical arteries and a steady-flow system. Normal human red blood cells (MCV 95 cu mu) increased platelet adherence sevenfold, as the hematocrit increases from 0 to 0.6. Small erythrocytes from goats (MCV 25 cu mu) caused no increment in adherence in the same hematocrit range. Rabbit erythrocytes (MCV 70 cu mu) caused an intermediate increase in adherence. Red blood cells from newborns (MCV 110–130 cu mu) caused a larger increase in platelet adherence than normal red cells at hematocrit 0.4. These results were further confirmed with large red blood cells from two patients. Experiments with small red cells (MCV 70 cu mu) of patients with iron deficiency showed that platelet adherence was similar to normal red cells, provided the red cell diameter was normal. Small red blood cells of a patient with sideroblastic anemia caused decreased adherence. These data indicate that red cell size is of major importance for platelet adherence. Red cell diameter is more important than average volume. However, for size differences in the human range, the hematocrit remains the dominant parameter.

Lanthanum in Human Red Cell

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 280-281
Author(s):  
Ezzatollah Keyhani ◽  
Eva Bland
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Cellular Membrane ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Sialic Acid Content ◽  
Biochemical Studies ◽  
Human Red Cells

The human red cell contains four major glycoproteins : sialoglycoprotein or PAS 1; Band III; PAS 2 and PAS 3. With the exception of Band III, all other glycoproteins contain high levels of sialic acid. In addition, human red cells contain glycolipids which have been estimated to be less than 5% of the total lipids. Lanthanum has been used as tracer of extracellular space and as a probe for studies of Ca++ metabolism across various types of cellular membrane. Biochemical studies led to the conclusion that lanthanum inhibition of Ca++ metabolism was related to the sialic acid content of the cell membrane. The purpose of this communication is to describe the ultrastructural localization of lanthanum in human red cells under various experimental conditions.

scholarly journals The Action of Two Sulfhydryl Compounds on Normal Human Red Cells

Blood ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 502-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
GIROLAMO SIRCHIA ◽  
SOLDANO FERRONE ◽  
FRANCESCO MERCURIALI
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Sh Groups ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Sulfhydryl Compounds ◽  
Human Red Cells

Abstract Treatment of normal human red cells with AET and cysteine, under suitable experimental conditions, modifies them in such a way that their behavior in in vitro hemolysis tests becomes similar to that of the erythrocytes of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. It is felt that alteration of the red cells is due to the -SH groups possessed by both substances. A possible mechanism of action is hypothesized.

Effects of General Anaesthetics on Na+ Transport in Human Red Cells

Nature ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 225 (5238) ◽  
pp. 1151-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. HALSEY ◽  
E. B. SMITH ◽  
T. E. WOOD
Keyword(s):  
Red Cells ◽  
Na Transport ◽  
Human Red Cells

scholarly journals Red blood cell size is important for adherence of blood platelets to artery subendothelium

Blood ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
PA Aarts ◽  
PA Bolhuis ◽  
KS Sakariassen ◽  
RM Heethaar ◽  
JJ Sixma
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Cell Diameter ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
Platelet Adherence ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

The hematocrit is one of the main factors influencing platelet adherence to the vessel wall. Raising the hematocrit causes an increase of platelet accumulation of about an order of magnitude. Our studies concern the role of red cell size. We have studied this effect using an annular perfusion chamber, according to Baumgartner, with human umbilical arteries and a steady-flow system. Normal human red blood cells (MCV 95 cu mu) increased platelet adherence sevenfold, as the hematocrit increases from 0 to 0.6. Small erythrocytes from goats (MCV 25 cu mu) caused no increment in adherence in the same hematocrit range. Rabbit erythrocytes (MCV 70 cu mu) caused an intermediate increase in adherence. Red blood cells from newborns (MCV 110–130 cu mu) caused a larger increase in platelet adherence than normal red cells at hematocrit 0.4. These results were further confirmed with large red blood cells from two patients. Experiments with small red cells (MCV 70 cu mu) of patients with iron deficiency showed that platelet adherence was similar to normal red cells, provided the red cell diameter was normal. Small red blood cells of a patient with sideroblastic anemia caused decreased adherence. These data indicate that red cell size is of major importance for platelet adherence. Red cell diameter is more important than average volume. However, for size differences in the human range, the hematocrit remains the dominant parameter.

ELECTROLYTES IN TISSUES, RED CELLS, AND PLASMA OF THE POLAR BEAR AND CARIBOU

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Manery ◽  
J. S. Barlow ◽  
J. M. Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Polar Bear ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Low Potassium ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Water Analyses

Sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, and water analyses were carried out on tissues of three polar bears, and on the blood of the barren ground caribou. The electrolyte and water concentrations in heart, liver, skeletal muscle, tendon, and plasma of the polar bear were not essentially different from those found in other mammals. Red blood cells of this branch of the bear family, Ursidae, resembled those of other members of the order, Carnivora, in containing a high sodium, 91.1 meq, and a low potassium concentration, 4.1 meq, per kilogram of packed cells; they also contained 4.9 meq of magnesium per kilogram of packed cells. Caribou red cells had 29.6 meq of sodium per kilogram of packed cells and 1.7 meq of calcium per liter of packed cells, and in this electrolyte pattern resembled other members of the order Artiodactyla, which is distinguished by the variability among the families in the Na–K balance of the erythrocytes. The data reported here are of special interest because of the genetic control of the Na–K balance in red cells.

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