scholarly journals STUDIES ON HERPETIC INFECTION IN MICE

1946 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 429-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A. Evans ◽  
Howard B. Slavin ◽  
George Packer Berry
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Immune Serum ◽  
Rabbit Serum ◽  
Herpetic Infection ◽  
Focus Of Infection ◽  
System 2 ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Foot Pad ◽  
Old Mice ◽  
Hyperimmune Rabbit

Two-week-old mice inoculated with herpes virus on the pad of a hind foot regularly developed paralysis of the infected limb followed by paraplegia and encephalitis terminating fatally 5 or 6 days after inoculation. Hyperimmune rabbit serum given intraperitoneally at the time virus was inoculated on the foot pad prevented the formation of an herpetic lesion of the foot pad. When the antiserum was given 12 hours after inoculation of the virus, a typical infection of the epithelium of the foot pad developed, but the virus was prevented from causing obvious signs of infection of the nervous system in many of the animals. Amputation of the foot 2 hours after the inoculation of the virus prevented the paralysis of the hind leg. Some of the mice died of a delayed encephalitis. Amputation of the foot at 24 hours neither prevented nor delayed the sequence of paralysis of the hind leg, encephalitis, and death. In order to study immune serum therapy of an infection of the nervous system uncomplicated by a peripheral focus of infection or by traumatic disturbance of the central nervous system, 2-week-old mice were inoculated on the foot pad, the infected feet were amputated 24 hours later, and the immune serum was administered at varying intervals thereafter. Using litter mate controls and statistically significant numbers of mice, it was shown that hyperimmune rabbit serum, administered during the first one-third of the incubation period, retards and, in some cases, arrests the progress of herpetic infection within the nervous system.

Effect of chronic treatment with recombinant interleukin-2 on the central nervous system of adult and old mice

1992 ◽  
Vol 591 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaello Nemni ◽  
Sandro Iannaccone ◽  
Angelo Quattrini ◽  
Salvatore Smirne ◽  
Maria Sessa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Chronic Treatment ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Recombinant Interleukin 2 ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Old Mice

scholarly journals STUDIES ON HERPETIC INFECTION IN MICE

1943 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Packer Berry ◽  
Howard B. Slavin
Keyword(s):  
Passive Immunity ◽  
Rabbit Serum ◽  
Acquired Immunity ◽  
Herpetic Infection ◽  
Suckling Mice ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Old Mice ◽  
Intranasal Instillation ◽  
Swiss Strain ◽  
Immune Rabbit

Passive immunity, naturally acquired from immune mothers or artificially induced through the administration of immune rabbit serum, conferred on suckling mice of the albino Swiss strain a high degree of resistance against herpetic infection following the intranasal instillation of the virus. Antibodies, which could be readily demonstrated in the blood of 2-week-old mice, were received by the offspring of immune mothers primarily by the mammary route. Naturally acquired immunity declined rapidly when suckling was interrupted. Herpes virus was not recovered from the fetuses of either immune or infected, non-immune mothers.

scholarly journals INTRAPERITONEAL AND INTRACEREBRAL ROUTES IN SERUM PROTECTION TESTS WITH THE VIRUS OF EQUINE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS

1938 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 761-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter K. Olitsky ◽  
Carl G. Harford
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Marked Variation ◽  
Protective Capacity ◽  
Encephalomyelitis Virus ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Old Mice

Minute amounts of antiserum injected intraperitoneally protect against large doses of equine encephalomyelitis virus given intramuscularly or intraperitoneally in 12 to 15 day old mice. Antiserum given intraperitoneally with virus intracerebrally or intranasally results in little or no protection. These phenomena occur as well when serum-virus mixtures are injected at the different sites. The marked variation of the protective capacity of antiserum as thus displayed would appear to be dependent upon the differing pathways of progression of the virus from the site of injection to the central nervous system.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF CATAPHORESIS ON POLIOMYELITIS VIRUS

1929 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Olitsky ◽  
C. P. Rhoads ◽  
P. H. Long
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Immune Serum ◽  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Active Stage ◽  
Electrical Field ◽  
Hydrogen Ion Concentration ◽  
Poliomyelitis Virus ◽  
The Central Nervous System

1. Under ordinary conditions of hydrogen ion concentration the virus of poliomyelitis, as such, or associated with particles in fine suspension, migrates in an electrical field to the anode. It follows that the virus bears an electronegative charge. 2. By means of cataphoresis, the virus can be recovered from a non-infective mixture of virus and specific immune serum. 3. By the same means it is possible to reveal the presence of virus in the central nervous system of a monkey which has recovered from the active stage of experimental poliomyelitis.

Compounds affecting the central nervous system. 2. Aromatic acetals of tropanediols

1972 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 509-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sol. J. Daum ◽  
Anthony J. Gambino ◽  
Mario D. Aceto ◽  
Robert L. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
System 2 ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Primary angiitis of the central nervous system: 2 atypical cases

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 293-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Pagni ◽  
Giuseppe Isimbaldi ◽  
Francesco Vergani ◽  
Paolo Casiraghi ◽  
Laura Marzorati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Primary Angiitis ◽  
System 2 ◽  
The Central Nervous System

On the development of pituitary responsiveness to LRH and the characteristics of pre-ovulatory LH-surges in the rat. Effect of oestradiol benzoate

1980 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-167
Author(s):  
G. A. Schuiling ◽  
A. F. Zürcher ◽  
N. Pols-Valkhof ◽  
T. R. Koiter
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Threshold Dose ◽  
Oestradiol Benzoate ◽  
System 2 ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Moderate Effect ◽  
Time Of Administration

Abstract. Administration of oestradiol benzoate (OeB) on the second day of dioestrus of 5-day cyclic rats may advance ovulation by 24 h. The threshold dose of OeB necessary to achieve this effect varies with the time of administration. At 09.00 h, the 50% effective dose (ED-50) of OeB for advancing ovulation was 3.1 μg; at 17.00 h it was 31 μg. In the present study OeB was injected at either 09.00 or 17.00 h at doses about 3 times the corresponding ED-50's: 10 and 100 μg, respectively. Though both regimens of OeB administration resulted in advancement of ovulation, neither had more than a moderate effect on the development of pituitary responsiveness to LRH. In neither group could OeB-induced LH-surges be distinguished from "normal" 4-day rat-LH-surges and both differ from 5-day rat-LH-surges. It is concluded that (1) in the "Everett-model" OeB acts almost exclusively on the central nervous system; (2) the oestrogen-induced surge of LH is an all-or-none effect; and (3) there exists no relationship between the blood oestrogen concentrations and the characteristics of the induced LH-surges.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF HOST FACTORS ON NEUROINVASIVENESS OF VESICULAR STOMATITIS VIRUS

1937 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert B. Sabin ◽  
Peter K. Olitsky
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis Virus ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis ◽  
Old Mice ◽  
Young Mice

1. Injection of vesicular stomatitis virus into the leg muscles of young mice gives rise to flaccid paralysis of the inoculated extremity as the first clinical sign of a disease which is invariably fatal; old mice similarly injected with the largest doses of virus survive without exhibiting any signs of illness. 2. In young mice the virus was shown to multiply at the site of inoculation and to invade the sciatic nerve and spinal cord; there was no evidence of multiplication of virus in the blood or viscera. 3. In old mice, after intramuscular injection of as much as 10 million M.C.L.D., there was no evidence of either local or systemic multiplication; in spite of the persistence of thousands of M.C.L.D. of virus at the site of inoculation for at least 4 days, there was no detectable invasion of the sciatic nerve or the central nervous system. 4. Injection of the virus directly into the sciatic nerve of old mice led to the typical paralytic disease in half the number of animals. 5. For 3 days after intrasciatic injection the virus could be demonstrated in the nerve but not in the spinal cord or brain. At the onset of paralysis (6th day) virus was detectable in the spinal cord but no longer in the inoculated nerve. 6. The capacity of the virus to invade the central nervous system from the nerve but not from the muscle suggested the existence of a barrier in the muscle or myoneural junction. 7. Injection of the virus into the vitreous humor of the eye is followed by a fatal encephalitis in 15 day old mice, but 1 year old mice, with few exceptions, survive without showing signs of disease. 8. The spread of virus in the brains of intraocularly injected, 15 day old mice was too rapid to indicate the pathways which were pursued, but in 21 day old mice there was evidence that the primary pathway was probably along the axons of the optic nerve with decussation to the contralateral diencephalon and mesencephalon, and subsequent early spread to the corresponding occipital cortex. In resistant, old mice, however, no virus was found in any part of the brain.

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