scholarly journals NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIES AS A CAUSE OF ELEVATED BLOOD PRESSURE IN RATS (WITH ESPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE VITAMIN B2 COMPLEX)

1942 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Royall M. Calder
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Vitamin B2 ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Especial Reference ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Excessive Intake

The effects of dietary deficiencies on the blood pressure of rats were studied, with especial reference to vitamin B deficiencies. A deficiency of the entire vitamin B complex was followed by a slight fall in blood pressure. A deficiency of only thse heat-stable fractions was followed by a significant and persistent rise in pressure, which could be reversed by restoring these factors to the diet. Partial deficiencies were followed by a higher rise of blood pressure than were complete deficiencies, perhaps because of the debilitating effects of the latter. Even an excessive intake of the heat-stable fractions of the vitamin B complex did not prevent entirely a rise of pressure if the diet was otherwise deficient. Under the latter conditions, the rise in pressure was slower and less marked than in those animals with a deficiency of the vitamin B2 complex only. It therefore appears that, while a deficiency of the vitamin B2 complex plays a dominant rôle in causing a rise of blood pressure in rats, other dietary factors as yet undefined are also involved. From analogy with other deficiency states, it is possible that thsese undefined nutritional factors cause their effects by interfering with absorption and utilization of the vitamin B2 complex.

scholarly journals The alcohol-solubility of the anti-dermatitis, more heat-stable vitamin B2 constituent of the vitamin B complex

1930 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1744-1747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harriette Chick ◽  
Alice Mary Copping
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B ◽  
Vitamin B2 ◽  
Heat Stable

scholarly journals Relationship of blood pressure status, dietary factors and serum electrolytes of in-school adolescents in Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1754-63
Author(s):  
Olutayo S Shokunbi ◽  
Ngozi A Ukangwa
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Serum Sodium ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Table Salt ◽  
Serum Electrolytes ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Background: Globally, rising blood pressure is of public health concern as it is a major cause of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and preventable death. This study accessed the relationship of blood pressure status, dietary factors and serum electrolytes among in-school adolescents in Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 488 secondary school students (aged 10–19 years). Blood pressures were assessed using auscultatory method and questionnaires were used to obtain food frequency and 24-hour dietary recall data. Blood samples from volunteers were used for serum sodium and potassium assays. Results: The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) increased with age, irrespective of gender. The prevalence of elevated blood pressure and hypertension among participants were 19.3% and 10.5%, respectively, with males and females having similar pattern. Dietary factors like addition of table salt to already prepared foods, higher intake of eggs, and lower intake of vegetables were associated with the development of elevated blood pressure among the adolescents. The estimated mean dietary intakes (mg/person/day) of sodium and potassium were 2289±938.7 and 1321±603.8, respectively, with majorityconsuming far higher (for sodium – 80%) or far below (for potassium – 95%) recommendations. The mean serum sodium (138.0±18.3 mmolL-1) and potassium (3.06±1.1 mmolL-1) were similar across genders. A significant (p<0.05) negative relationship exists between serum potassium and SBP. Conclusions: The blood pressure status of the adolescents studied are of great concern and are somewhat negatively influenced by poor dietary and lifestyle practices. They require prompt intervention to slow down the development of CVDs in the future. Keywords: Adolescents; dietary patterns; hypertension; table salt.

scholarly journals THE RENAL PATHOLOGY OF NUTRITIONAL HYPERTENSION IN RATS

1944 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Royall M. Calder
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Epithelial Lining ◽  
Prolonged Administration ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
The Media ◽  
Afferent Arterioles

Rats subsisting on a diet partially deficient in the heat-stable fractions of the vitamin B complex are known to experience a rise in blood pressure. The present study shows that after prolonged administration of this dietary, abnormal structural changes occur in the kidneys. The surface of this organ becomes finely granular. The afferent arterioles show degenerative changes, consisting of irregular subendothelial hyaline deposits which encroach on the lumen. The interlobular arteries undergo the same change, plus degeneration of the media; the lumen of these vessels is likewise compromised. Resultant, small, streak-like areas of ischemic atrophy occur in both cortex and medulla, with necrosis of the epithelial lining of the uriniferous tubules. The glomeruli are reduced in size, the number of their component loops decreased, their pattern simplified, and the capillary basement membrane thickened. In addition to these changes, kidneys from animals on a more profoundly deficient diet display numerous areas of hemorrhagic infiltration in the cortical and subcapsular regions. The possible identity of these lesions with those seen in essential hypertension in man is discussed.

ROLE OF THE THYROID GLAND IN DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF RENAL HYPERTENSION IN RATS

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIV (III) ◽  
pp. 411-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvin J. Fregly ◽  
Kenneth M. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Rate Increase ◽  
Renal Hypertension ◽  
The Other ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
Testicular Size

ABSTRACT The anti-thyroid drugs, thiouracil, propylthiouracil, and methimazole, prevented both development of elevated blood pressure and cardiac hypertrophy usually accompanying kidney encapsulation with latex envelopes. These drugs also reduced elevated blood pressure of rats with hypertension of 13 to 40 weeks' duration prior to drug administration. Addition of desiccated thyroid powder to diet containing an anti-thyroid drug overcame the anti-hypertensive effect of the latter. Withdrawal of thyroid powder only was followed by return of blood pressure to previous low level within 3 weeks. The results suggest that the anti-hypertensive effect of these drugs is related directly to the hypothyroidism produced rather than to extrathyroidal effects of the drugs. Comparison of potencies of the 3 drugs in terms of anti-hypertensive effect, inhibition of growth rate, increase in testicular size, and increase in thyroid size suggests that propylthiouracil and methimazole are equally potent per unit weight of drug. Thiouracil has approximately half the potency of the other two.

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