scholarly journals Computer analysis of organelle translocation in primary neuronal cultures and continuous cell lines.

1975 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 562-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
A C Breuer ◽  
C N Christian ◽  
M Henkart ◽  
P G Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Neuronal Cultures ◽  
Primary Neuronal Cultures ◽  
Continuous Cell Lines ◽  
Nomarski Differential Interference Contrast ◽  
Fine Structures ◽  
Chick Spinal Cord

Organelle translocation in a number of cell types in tissue culture as seen by high-resolution Zeiss-Nomarski differential interference contrast optics was filmed and analyzed by computer. Principal cell types studied included primary chick spinal cord, chick dorsal root ganglion, ratbrain, and various clones of continuous cell lines. Organelle translocations in all cell types studied exhibited frequent, large changes in velocity during any one translocation. The appearance of particles as seen with Nomarski optics was correlated with their fine structures in one dorsal root ganglion neurite by fixing the cell as it was being filmed and obtaining electron micrographs of the region filmed. This revealed the identity of several organelles as well as the presence of abundant neurotubules but no neurofilaments. Primary cell cultures exhibited more high-velocity organelle movements than continuous cell lines. The net progress of an organelle in a given direction was greater in primary neuronal cells than in fibroblasts or continuous cell lines. These findings are correlated with the literature on organelle translocation and axoplasmic transport.

The generation of rat dorsal root ganglion cell lines to identify the target of KW-7158, a novel treatment for overactive bladder

2011 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoichi Nishiya ◽  
Sachiko Yokokawa ◽  
Ayumu Fukuda ◽  
Tsuyoshi Yamagata ◽  
Atsushi Inayoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Overactive Bladder ◽  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglion Cell ◽  
Novel Treatment

Axotomy- and Autotomy-Induced Changes in Ca2+and K+ Channel Currents of Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons

2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 644-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuad A. Abdulla ◽  
Peter A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons ◽  
Small Cells ◽  
K Channel ◽  
Delayed Rectifier ◽  
Channel Current ◽  
Ganglion Neurons

Sciatic nerve section (axotomy) increases the excitability of rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. The changes in Ca2+ currents, K+ currents, Ca2+-sensitive K+ current, and hyperpolarization-activated cation current ( I H) that may be associated with this effect were examined by whole cell recording. Axotomy affected the same conductances in all types of DRG neuron. In general, the largest changes were seen in “small” cells and the smallest changes were seen in “large” cells. High-voltage–activated Ca2+-channel current (HVA- I Ba) was reduced by axotomy. Although currents recorded in axotomized neurons exhibited increased inactivation, this did not account for all of the reduction in HVA- I Ba. Activation kinetics were unchanged, and experiments with nifedipine and/or ω-conotoxin GVIA showed that there was no change in the percentage contribution of L-type, N-type, or “other” HVA- I Bato the total current after axotomy. T-type (low-voltage–activated) I Ba was not affected by axotomy. Ca2+-sensitive K+conductance ( g K,Ca) appeared to be reduced, but when voltage protocols were adjusted to elicit similar amounts of Ca2+ influx into control and axotomized cells, I K,Ca(s) were unchanged. After axotomy, Cd2+-insensitive, steady-state K+ channel current, which primarily comprised delayed rectifier K+ current ( I K), was reduced by about 60% in small, medium, and large cells. These data suggest that axotomy-induced increases in excitability are associated with decreases in I K and/or decreases in g K,Ca that are secondary to decreased Ca2+-influx. Because I H was reduced by axotomy, changes in this current do not contribute to increased excitability. The amplitude and inactivation of I Ba in all cell types was changed more profoundly in animals that exhibited self-mutilatory behavior (autotomy). The onset of this behavior corresponded with significant reduction in I Ba of large neurons. This finding supports the hypothesis that autotomy, that may be related to human neuropathic pain, is associated with changes in the properties of large myelinated sensory neurons.

scholarly journals Long-term non-invasive interrogation of human dorsal root ganglion neuronal cultures on an integrated microfluidic multielectrode array platform

The Analyst ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 141 (18) ◽  
pp. 5346-5357 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Enright ◽  
S. H. Felix ◽  
N. O. Fischer ◽  
E. V. Mukerjee ◽  
D. Soscia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Microelectrode Array ◽  
Multielectrode Array ◽  
Neuronal Cultures ◽  
Primary Neurons ◽  
Chemical Exposures ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Array Platform

Electrophysiology measurements from human primary neurons after repeated chemical exposures are enabled with an integrated microfluidic and microelectrode array device.

Quantitative Analysis of Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons Cultured on Microelectrode Arrays Based on Fluorescence Microscopy Image Processing

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (08) ◽  
pp. 1550033 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Fernando Mari ◽  
José Hiroki Saito ◽  
Amanda Ferreira Neves ◽  
Celina Monteiro da Cruz Lotufo ◽  
João-Batista Destro-Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Microelectrode Arrays ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons ◽  
Neuronal Cultures ◽  
Neuron Culture ◽  
Ganglion Neurons

Microelectrode Arrays (MEA) are devices for long term electrophysiological recording of extracellular spontaneous or evocated activities on in vitro neuron culture. This work proposes and develops a framework for quantitative and morphological analysis of neuron cultures on MEAs, by processing their corresponding images, acquired by fluorescence microscopy. The neurons are segmented from the fluorescence channel images using a combination of segmentation by thresholding, watershed transform, and object classification. The positioning of microelectrodes is obtained from the transmitted light channel images using the circular Hough transform. The proposed method was applied to images of dissociated culture of rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neuronal cells. The morphological and topological quantitative analysis carried out produced information regarding the state of culture, such as population count, neuron-to-neuron and neuron-to-microelectrode distances, soma morphologies, neuron sizes, neuron and microelectrode spatial distributions. Most of the analysis of microscopy images taken from neuronal cultures on MEA only consider simple qualitative analysis. Also, the proposed framework aims to standardize the image processing and to compute quantitative useful measures for integrated image-signal studies and further computational simulations. As results show, the implemented microelectrode identification method is robust and so are the implemented neuron segmentation and classification one (with a correct segmentation rate up to 84%). The quantitative information retrieved by the method is highly relevant to assist the integrated signal-image study of recorded electrophysiological signals as well as the physical aspects of the neuron culture on MEA. Although the experiments deal with DRG cell images, cortical and hippocampal cell images could also be processed with small adjustments in the image processing parameter estimation.

scholarly journals Single cell transcriptomics of primate sensory neurons identifies cell types associated with chronic pain

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jussi Kupari ◽  
Dmitry Usoskin ◽  
Marc Parisien ◽  
Daohua Lou ◽  
Yizhou Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Sensory Neuron ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Individual Gene ◽  
Cellular Origin ◽  
Neuronal Types

AbstractDistinct types of dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons may have unique contributions to chronic pain. Identification of primate sensory neuron types is critical for understanding the cellular origin and heritability of chronic pain. However, molecular insights into the primate sensory neurons are missing. Here we classify non-human primate dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons based on their transcriptome and map human pain heritability to neuronal types. First, we identified cell correlates between two major datasets for mouse sensory neuron types. Machine learning exposes an overall cross-species conservation of somatosensory neurons between primate and mouse, although with differences at individual gene level, highlighting the importance of primate data for clinical translation. We map genomic loci associated with chronic pain in human onto primate sensory neuron types to identify the cellular origin of chronic pain. Genome-wide associations for chronic pain converge on two different neuronal types distributed between pain disorders that display different genetic susceptibilities, suggesting both unique and shared mechanisms between different pain conditions.

scholarly journals Immortalized Dorsal Root Ganglion Neuron Cell Lines

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer Viktor Haberberger ◽  
Christine Barry ◽  
Dusan Matusica
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglion Neuron ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Ganglion Neuron
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