scholarly journals The Chemical Fractionation of Rabbit and Swine Thymus

1957 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 812-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene L. Hess ◽  
Saima E. Lagg
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammal ◽  
Chemical Fractionation ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Palatine Tonsils ◽  
Fractionation Procedure ◽  
Calf Thymus

A chemical fractionation procedure, previously found applicable to bovine thymus and bovine and ovine palatine tonsils, was used to fractionate rabbit and hog thymus. With respect to the chemical fractionation steps, yields of fractions, and optical and electrophoretic properties, extracts from hog and rabbit thymus were indistinguishable from similar extracts prepared from calf thymus. The study provides composition and yield data applicable to the thymus of a small mammal readily available in most laboratories.

scholarly journals Innovative Characterization of Particulate Matter Deposited on Urban Vegetation Leaves through the Application of a Chemical Fractionation Procedure

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5717
Author(s):  
Martina Ristorini ◽  
Chiara Baldacchini ◽  
Lorenzo Massimi ◽  
Gregorio Sgrigna ◽  
Carlo Calfapietra
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Insoluble Fraction ◽  
Ionic Concentration ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Chemical Fractionation ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Membrane Filters ◽  
Fractionation Procedure ◽  
Specific Source

In this study, we have evaluated the efficiency of a chemical fractionation procedure for the characterization of both the water-soluble and the insoluble fraction of the main elemental components of particulate matter (PM) deposited on urban leaves. The proposed analytical approach is based on the chemical analysis of leaf washing solutions and membrane filters used for their filtration. The ionic concentration of leaf washing solutions was compared with their electrical conductivity, making it a valuable proxy for the quantification of the water-soluble and ionic fraction of leaf deposited PM. The chemical composition of both the water-soluble and the insoluble fraction of PM, resulting from this fractionation procedure, was compared with results obtained by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersed X-Rays spectroscopy (SEM/EDX) and processed through chemometrics. Results obtained proved that the proposed approach is able to provide an estimation of total leaf deposited PM and it is highly reliable for the evaluation of the emission impact of different PM sources, being able to increase the selectivity of PM elemental components as specific source tracers; consequently providing useful information also for the assessment of human health risks.

scholarly journals THE CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION OF LYMPHATIC ORGANS

1956 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 557-571
Author(s):  
Eugene L. Hess ◽  
Saima E. Lagg
Keyword(s):  
Electrophoretic Mobility ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chemical Fractionation ◽  
Palatine Tonsils ◽  
Lymphatic Organs

A method for chemically fractionating lymphatic organs has been described. The method has been shown to be applicable to bovine palatine tonsils, sheep palatine tonsils, and bovine thymus. Approximately 50 per cent of the dry weight of tonsils and about 30 per cent of thymus has been found to be soluble in the 0.15 M NaCl extract. Four components have been isolated which together account for 65 per cent by weight of the material in the extracts. Four other components have been identified and partially defined by means of electrophoretic mobility, solubility, or some other chemical or physical property.

Forms of phosphate in soils fertilized with rock phosphate and superphosphate as measured by chemical fractionation

Soil Research ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Kumar ◽  
RJ Gilkes ◽  
MDA Bolland
Keyword(s):  
Rock Phosphate ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Chemical Fractionation ◽  
Average Amount ◽  
Sampling Depth ◽  
Rock Phosphates ◽  
P Fractionation ◽  
Fractionation Procedure ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Western Australian

The forms of P in three Western Australian soils that had been fertilized up to 5 years previously with rock phosphates (RP) and superphosphate were determined by a P fractionation procedure using 1 M NH4Cl, 0.5 M NH4F, 0.1 M NaOH+1 M NaCl, citrate-dithionite-bicarbonate (CDB), 1 M NaOH, and 1 M HCl. P extracted by NH4Cl and NH4F from soils fertilized with superphosphate decreased with time since application. For soils treated with apatitic RP the amounts of fertilizer P extracted by 1 M HCl decreased with time since application. This decrease was probably due to loss of apatite grains from the top soil by eluviation, bioturbation and cultivation rather than continuing dissolution of RP. For these soils most of the fertilizer P (63-67%) remained in the soil as residual apatite 5 years after fertilizer application, and this P is soluble in 1 M HCl. Over the 5 years of the experiment there was no systematic transformation of one form of P to another in soils fertilized with apatitic RP. An average amount ranging over 20-37% of added P was lost from the 0-10 cm sampling depth for different fertilizers.

Torus Circumference and Thickness Parameters From a Linear DNA Size Series Suggest How Toruses Self-Assemble

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 522-523
Author(s):  
George C. Ruben ◽  
Kenneth A. Marx
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Structure ◽  
Dna Complexes ◽  
Tertiary Structures ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
Calf Thymus ◽  
Dna Organization ◽  
Condensed Dna ◽  
Dna Size

Certain double stranded DNA bacteriophage and viruses are thought to have their DNA organized into large torus shaped structures. Morphologically, these poorly understood biological DNA tertiary structures resemble spermidine-condensed DNA complexes formed in vitro in the total absence of other macromolecules normally synthesized by the pathogens for the purpose of their own DNA packaging. Therefore, we have studied the tertiary structure of these self-assembling torus shaped spermidine- DNA complexes in a series of reports. Using freeze-etch, low Pt-C metal (10-15Å) replicas, we have visualized the microscopic DNA organization of both calf Thymus( CT) and linear 0X-174 RFII DNA toruses. In these structures DNA is circumferentially wound, continuously, around the torus into a semi-crystalline, hexagonal packed array of parallel DNA helix sections.

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) of DNA and RNA

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 34-35
Author(s):  
Patricia G. Arscott ◽  
Gil Lee ◽  
Victor A. Bloomfield ◽  
D. Fennell Evans
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
Calf Thymus ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

STM is one of the most promising techniques available for visualizing the fine details of biomolecular structure. It has been used to map the surface topography of inorganic materials in atomic dimensions, and thus has the resolving power not only to determine the conformation of small molecules but to distinguish site-specific features within a molecule. That level of detail is of critical importance in understanding the relationship between form and function in biological systems. The size, shape, and accessibility of molecular structures can be determined much more accurately by STM than by electron microscopy since no staining, shadowing or labeling with heavy metals is required, and there is no exposure to damaging radiation by electrons. Crystallography and most other physical techniques do not give information about individual molecules.We have obtained striking images of DNA and RNA, using calf thymus DNA and two synthetic polynucleotides, poly(dG-me5dC)·poly(dG-me5dC) and poly(rA)·poly(rU).

An Evaluation of a Plasma Fractionation System

1960 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 031-044
Author(s):  
George Y. Shinowara ◽  
E. Mary Ruth
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Significant Evidence ◽  
Native Proteins ◽  
Mobility Data ◽  
Fractionation Procedure ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Low Ionic Strength

SummaryFour primary fractions comprising at least 97 per cent of the plasma proteins have been critically appraised for evidence of denaturation arising from a low temperature—low ionic strength fractionation system. The results in addition to those referable to the recovery of mass and biological activity include the following: The high solubilities of these fractions at pH 7.3 and low ionic strengths; the compatibility of the electrophoretic and ultracentrifugal data of the individual fractions with those of the original plasma; and the recovery of hemoglobin, not hematin, in fraction III obtained from specimens contaminated with this pigment. However, the most significant evidence for minimum alterations of native proteins was that the S20, w and the electrophoretic mobility data on the physically recombined fractions were identical to those found on whole plasma.The fractionation procedure examined here quantitatively isolates fibrinogen, prothrombin and antithrombin in primary fractions. Results have been obtained demonstrating its significance in other biological systems. These include the following: The finding of 5 S20, w classes in the 4 primary fractions; the occurrence of more than 90 per cent of the plasma gamma globulins in fraction III; the 98 per cent pure albumin in fraction IV; and, finally, the high concentration of beta lipoproteins in fraction II.

EFFECT OF SOWING DATE ON GRAIN YIELD OF CRAB GRASS

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-297
Author(s):  
S. O. Bakare ◽  
M. G. M. Kolo ◽  
J. A. Oladiran
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Sowing Dates

There was a significant interaction effect between the variety and the sowing date for the number of productive tillers, indicating that the response to sowing date varied with the variety. A significant reduction in the number of productive tillers became evident when sowing was delayed till 26 June in the straggling variety as compared to sowing dates in May. Lower numbers of productive tillers were also recorded when the sowing of the erect variety was further delayed till 10 July. The grain yield data showed that it is not advisable to sow the straggling variety later than 12 June, while sowing may continue till about 26 June for the erect variety in the study area.

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