scholarly journals AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPE STUDY OF LYMPHATIC TISSUE IN RUNT DISEASE

1965 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon Weiss ◽  
Alan C. Aisenberg
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Splenic Cells ◽  
Reticular Cells ◽  
Spleen And Lymph Nodes ◽  
Myelin Figure ◽  
Rats And Mice

The thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes were studied in runt disease induced by a graft of intravenously injected homologous splenic cells into newborn rats and mice. Adult Long-Evans cells (70 x 106) were injected into Sprague-Dawley rats. Adult DBA cells (7 x 106) were injected into C57BL/6 mice. Runted rats were sacrificed at 14 to 28 days of age; mice at 10 to 20 days. The thymic cortex is depleted of small lymphocytes. Those remaining are severely damaged and phagocytized. Evidence of damage includes swelling of mitochondria, myelin figure formation, margination of chromatin, and sharp angulation in nuclear contour. Large numbers of macrophages are present. Epithelial-reticular cells which envelop small cortical blood vessels are often retracted, with the result that the most peripheral layer in the thymic-blood barrier suffers abnormally large gaps. Lymphocytes of the periarterial lymphatic sheaths of spleen and of the cortex of lymph nodes are reduced in number and damaged. Vast numbers of plasma cells and many lymphocytes are evident throughout lymph nodes, in the periarterial lymphatic sheaths, and in the marginal zone and red pulp of the spleen. Plasma cells are of different sizes, the larger having dilated sacs of endoplasmic reticulum. Lymphocytes are small to medium in size. They contain, in varying quantity, ribosomes and smooth membrane-bounded cytoplasmic vesicles approximately 350 to 500 A in diameter. Most plasma cells and lymphocytes are damaged and many of these are phagocytized. Many lymphocytes in lymph nodes, however, show no evidence of damage. Reticular cells and other fixed cells of the connective tissues seldom appear affected. Thus, the major cell types reacting in runt disease are lymphocytes, plasma cells, and histiocytes or macrophages. It appears, therefore, that both the delayed and immediate types of sensitivity play a part in this disease.

scholarly journals THE ORIGIN OF MONOCYTES IN CERTAIN LYMPH NODES AND THEIR GENETIC RELATION TO OTHER CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS

1930 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude E. Forkner
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Peripheral Lymph ◽  
Undifferentiated Cells

1. The theories for the origin of monocytes from myeloblasts, lymphocytes, endothelium, macrophages, and primitive cells are reviewed and considered. 2. Monocytes in all stages of development have been demonstrated to be present constantly in large numbers in all the lymph nodes of the body, except in the large mesenteric group. 3. The relations of these cells to undifferentiated cells, lymphocytes, macrophages, plasma cells, and endothelium are described. 4. The origin of adult monocytes from primitive undifferentiated cells through the stages of monoblasts and pre-monocytes is described and illustrated. 5. The demonstration in certain lymph nodes of innumerable monocytes in all stages of development permits of a shifting of the term "monoblast" from a more or less theoretical name to its proper place as a term designating that particular cell which is derived from a primitive undifferentiated cell and which is the immediate precursor of the pre-monocyte. 6. The term "pre-monocyte" is proposed to designate the intermediate stage between the monoblast and the mature monocyte. 7. Evidence is advanced to show that monocytes are an independent strain of cells, but that under physiological conditions they may be transformed into macrophages, this representing at least one way in which the latter cells normally are produced. 8. In no organs or tissues other than in certain specific lymph nodes, chiefly the peripheral group, can one constantly find monocytes in all stages of development. 9. Developing monocytes occasionally may be found in small numbers in the spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, Peyer's patches, subcutaneous connective tissues, lungs, and omenta of normal rabbits, but their presence is by no means constant and their numbers are insignificant in comparison with those found in the peripheral lymph nodes. 10. Monocytes and pre-monocytes do not stain by the common methods used for the demonstration of the reticulo-endothelial system and therefore must be considered for the present as independent of this system, except in so far as monocytes may be transformed into macrophages. 11. Plasma cells, stained with the supravital technique, as seen in lymph nodes, are described. No basis has been found for the theory that plasma cells and monocytes are closely related structural elements.

scholarly journals LOCALIZATION OF THE ANTIGEN IN POPLITEAL LYMPH NODES OF RABBITS DURING THE FORMATION OF ANTIBODIES TO HORSERADISH PEROXIDASE

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
WERNER STRAUS
Keyword(s):  
Horseradish Peroxidase ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Repeated Injection ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Reticular Cells ◽  
Popliteal Lymph Nodes ◽  
Tissue Material

The localization of an antigen (horseradish peroxidase) in popliteal lymph nodes of rabbits was investigated in order to detect the possible interrelationship with the location of the specific antibody in the same tissue material. Staining procedures for peroxidase with benzidine, diaminobenzidine and 3-amino-9-ethyl-carbazole, as well as double staining procedures for the antigen and the antibody and for the antigen (or antibody) and acid phosphatase, were applied before and after adsorption of the antigen to sites of antibody in vitro. The appearance of the antigen in the cells lining the lymph sinuses, in reticular cells of medullary cords, in macrophages and in the "intercellular web" of lymphoid follicles was studied after a single and repeated injection of peroxidase, and the persistence of the antigen at these sites was observed. It was found that the localization of the antigen in the cortex and medulla of the lymph node was different depending on whether or not specific antibodies were present in the blood at the time of injection, and that at certain periods a considerable number of plasma cells and lymphoblasts contained the antigen together with the specific antibody.

Inability of human clinical strains of Helicobacter pylori to colonize the alimentary tract of germfree rodents

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margherita T. Cantorna ◽  
Edward Balish
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Immunodeficient Mice ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Rats And Mice ◽  
Culture Negative

Several attempts were made to colonize the alimentary tract and infect germfree BALB/c mice and germfree Sprague-Dawley rats with two human isolates of Helicobacter pylori. The alimentary tracts of mice, sacrificed at intervals between 1 day and 20 weeks after oral challenge, were culture negative for H. pylori. The alimentary tract, kidney, liver, and mesenteric lymph nodes were culture negative for H. pylori 5 h after intravenous challenge. Growth of H. pylori was inhibited by homogenates of murine stomach, small intestine, liver, and mesenteric lymph nodes. Germfree rats and mice do not appear to be readily colonized or infected by human strains of H. pylori. Key words: Helicobacter pylori, germfree mice, congenitally immunodeficient mice.

scholarly journals Rates of Proliferation and Interrelationships of Cells in the Mesenteric Lymph Node of the Rat

Blood ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 674-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLIAM O. RIEKE ◽  
RUTH W. CAFFREY ◽  
N. B. EVERETT
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Node ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Tritiated Thymidine ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Reticular Cells ◽  
Proliferating Cell

Abstract Single and multiple injections of tritiated thymidine were combined with radioautography to study the rates of proliferation and interrelationships of the various cell lines in the mesenteric lymph node of the rat. The appearance and labeling patterns of the different cells are described from studies of both smears and tissue sections. Reticular cells exhibit wide variations in labeling intensity, phagocytize labeled lymphocytes, and become labeled in high percentages only when TTH is administered over a period of many days. Other slowly proliferating cell types include small lymphocytes, fat cells, endothelial cells and mast cells. Rapidly proliferating cell lines include plasmablasts, hemohistioblasts, proplasmacytes and large lymphocytes. The generation time of plasmablasts and hemohistioblasts was determined to be approximately 9 and 12 hours respectively. Mature plasma cells constitute a non-dividing population which is renewed in lymph node in not more than 5 days. Evidence is presented that the most primitive cells in the lymphocyte and plasma cell lines are the hemohistioblasts and plasmablasts respectively. Reticular cells most probably are not stem cells. No evidence is found to support previous reports that plasma cells derive from lymphocytes.

DEFICIENCY OF IgM

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-404
Author(s):  
W. P. Faulk ◽  
W. S. Kiyasu ◽  
M. D. Cooper ◽  
H. H. Fudenberg
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Germinal Centers ◽  
Peyer's Patches ◽  
Peyer’S Patches ◽  
Pseudomonas Infection ◽  
Spleen And Lymph Nodes ◽  
Genetically Determined

An 8½-month-old infant with absent IgM had recurrent Pseudomonas infections. IgG and IgA, but no IgM-containing plasma cells, were identified in the spleen by immunofluorescence. The spleen and lymph nodes lacked germinal centers, but Peyer's patches and the appendix were normal. The absence of IgM was perhaps genetically determined because the father's serum IgM was also low. This may have predisposed to the Pseudomonas infection, since antibodies to Pseudomonas are predominantly IgM.

Prevention of Mammary Tumor Development through Neuroimmunomodulation in the Spleen and Lymph Nodes of Old Female Sprague-Dawley Rats by L-Deprenyl

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinivasan ThyagaRajan ◽  
Lily Tran ◽  
Christine A. Molinaro ◽  
Daila S. Gridley ◽  
David L. Felten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mammary Tumor ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Spleen And Lymph Nodes

PRESENCE OF PLASMA CELLS AND γ1M-GLOBULIN SYNTHESIS IN A PATIENT WITH THYMIC ALYMPHOPLASIA

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-492
Author(s):  
Philip Fireman ◽  
Horton A. Johnson ◽  
David Gitlin
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Peripheral Circulation ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Normal Numbers ◽  
Bone Marrow Plasma ◽  
Severe Infections ◽  
Spleen And Lymph Nodes

A child is described who had thymic alymphoplasia with increased serum concentrations of γ1M-globulins and a deficiency of γ1A- and 7S γ2-globulins; the child was subject to severe infections from 2 weeks of age and succumbed to pneumonia at 11 months of age. Even though the tissues of this patient at necropsy revealed a remarkable paucity of lymphocytes, there were relatively normal numbers of lymphocytes in his peripheral circulation and his bone marrow. Plasma cells were readily demonstrated in the spleen and lymph nodes. The studies suggest that the development of plasma cells and γ1M-globulin synthesis may occur independently of the development of the thymus and the small lymphocytes in man.

scholarly journals AN ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDY OF LYMPHOCYTES WITH SURFACE-BOUND IMMUNOGLOBULIN

1972 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Perkins ◽  
Morris J. Karnovsky ◽  
Emil R. Unanue
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Cytoplasmic Organelles ◽  
Ultrastructural Radioautography ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Spleen And Lymph Nodes ◽  
Labeling Pattern

This report is on a radioautographic study of lymphocytes exposed to 125I-labeled anti-Ig in an attempt to identify surface-bound Ig molecules. The results as studied by ultrastructural radioautography confirmed the presence of surface-bound Ig on a certain population of lymphocytes. The specificity of the anti-Ig was determined by using appropriate controls that included the use of an absorbed anti-Ig and anti-hemocyanin antibody. The labeling pattern resulting from the interaction of labeled anti-Ig and Ig was found to be specifically associated with the cell surface and random in its distribution. Morphological differences were not apparent between labeled and nonlabeled lymphocytes in the spleen and lymph nodes. In the thymus, most lymphocytes did not exhibit detectable Ig. The few thymic lymphocytes that were labeled had unique morphological characteristics that included fewer ribosomes, many of which were monoribosomes. Relative to the amount in their cytoplasmic organelles, plasma cells had surface Ig but to a lesser degree than lymphocytes. Finally, macrophages were nonspecifically labeled and contained antibody on their membranes as well as intracellularly.

scholarly journals Relapse of Multiple Myeloma Presenting as Extramedullary Plasmacytomas in Multiple Organs

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Köse ◽  
Ersida Buraniqi ◽  
Timur Selçuk Akpinar ◽  
Seyit Mehmet Kayacan ◽  
Tufan Tükek
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Bone Lesions ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
First Remission ◽  
Spleen And Lymph Nodes ◽  
Extramedullary Plasmacytomas

Multiple myeloma is a neoplastic plasma cell disorder. It is characterized by collections of abnormal plasma cells accumulating in the bone marrow, where they interfere with the production of normal blood cells. It usually presents as a multisystemic involvement, whose symptoms and signs vary greatly. Some patients have slowly progressive disease while others have aggressive clinical behavior by extramedullary involvement. In addition to renal failure, anemia, hypercalcemia, lytic bone lesions, and immunodeficiency, it also affects multiple organ system, such as pancreas, adrenal glands, kidney, skin, lung, liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and bone. To raise awareness of the variable presentations of this disease, we report a 53-year-old male patient, with multiple myeloma in his first remission who relapsed with extramedullary plasmacytomas (EMPs) involving multiple organs, such as pancreas, adrenal glands, kidney, skin, lung, liver, spleen, and lymph nodes.

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