scholarly journals Relationship between Olive Oil:Air, Saline:Air, and Rat Brain:Air Partition Coefficients of Organic Solvents In Vitro

2003 ◽  
Vol 66 (20) ◽  
pp. 1985-1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cécil Meulenberg ◽  
Anna Wijnker ◽  
Henk Vijverberg
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Partition Coefficients

Equilibrium distribution of radioxenon in tissue: xenon-hemoglobin association curve

1961 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1065-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadley L. Conn
Keyword(s):  
Partition Coefficients ◽  
Equilibrium Distribution ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Gas Diffusion Method

In vitro and in vivo studies were made of the equilibrium distribution of radioxenon in various organs and tissues of the dog and the xenon uptake compared with a water standard. Tissue-blood partition coefficients were calculated. The radioxenon-hemoglobin association curve was determined for dog and human hemoglobin and methemoglobin. The uptake of radioxenon by blood, due in particular to xenon-hemoglobin affinity, was appreciably greater than uptake either by water or by most other body tissues. Fat and brain were notable exceptions. Consequently, tissue-blood partition coefficients were about eight for fat, one for brain, and significantly less than one for other tissues studied. Acceptable accuracy for blood flow determinations with a radioxenon inert gas diffusion method would seem to depend on the use of a partition coefficient correction in turn corrected at least for the existing hemoglobin concentration. The uptake of xenon by hemoglobin had the characteristics of a solubility or a quasi-solubility phenomenon. The problem of the nature of the interaction is apparently not resolved. Submitted on June 19, 1961

scholarly journals Percutaneous absorption of thirty-eight organic solvents in vitro using pig skin

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. e0205458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Schenk ◽  
Matias Rauma ◽  
Martin N. Fransson ◽  
Gunnar Johanson
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Percutaneous Absorption ◽  
Pig Skin

scholarly journals Calculating the Partition Coefficients of Organic Solvents in Octanol/Water and Octanol/Air

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 2257-2263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslava A. Nedyalkova ◽  
Sergio Madurga ◽  
Marek Tobiszewski ◽  
Vasil Simeonov
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Partition Coefficients

scholarly journals Oily formulations challenge: how to evaluate their beneficial effects in hydrophilic cell-based models?

OCL ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. D508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodie Olivier ◽  
Annabelle L’Hermitte ◽  
Patrice Rat ◽  
Melody Dutot
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Beneficial Effects

In the European Union, Israel and India, testing cosmetic products or their ingredients on animals is prohibited. In this context, in vitro cell models play a pivotal role in the evaluation of both safety and beneficial effects of cosmetics. Oily formulations, widely used in cosmetics, are complex to study on cell models due to their lipophilic nature that doesn’t match with hydrophilic culture medium. Organic solvents are then required to solubilize oily formulations, but they can interfere with the cellular response. To avoid the use of organic solvents, we developed a method based on cells to evaluate potential beneficial effects of oily formulations. Our method, suitable for high throughput screening, consists in: (1) incubating cells with oily formulations for a short time followed by a recovery period in culture medium and (2) studying cell parameters using robust techniques such as cytofluorometry and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Depending on the studied cell parameter, various beneficial effects can be revealed like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and skin regeneration. The field of cell parameters is open and can be extended to new perspectives in the development of oily formulations.

IN VITRO HEPATIC METABOLISM OF PCBTF: DEVELOPMENT OF Vmax AND Km VALUES AND PARTITION COEFFICIENTS AND THEIR USE IN AN INHALATION PBPK MODEL

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Knaak James ◽  
W. Smith Ladd ◽  
D. Fitzpatrick Richard ◽  
R. Olson James ◽  
E. Newton Paul
Keyword(s):  
Partition Coefficients ◽  
Pbpk Model ◽  
Hepatic Metabolism

Evaluation of the effects of hydrophilic organic solvents on CYP3A-mediated drug-drug interaction in vitro

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 715-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Iwase ◽  
N Kurata ◽  
R Ehana ◽  
Y Nishimura ◽  
T Masamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Human Liver ◽  
Liver Microsomes ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Cyp3a4 Activity ◽  
Modulation Effect ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Hydroxylation Activity

This study evaluated the effects of the commonly used hydrophilic organic solvents, acetonitrile, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N,N-dimethylformamide, polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol, on CYP3A in pooled human liver microsomes, using testosterone and midazolam as substrates. Furthermore, we examined the modulation effect of organic solvents on CYP3A inhibition by ketoconazole. Testosterone 6b-hydroxylation activity was potently inhibited in the presence of DMSO and 1-propanol in a concentration-dependent manner. Midazolam 1'-hydroxylation activity, however, was weakly inhibited only by 1% of DMSO, the highest concentration used in this study. Moreover, the potency of ketoconazole to inhibit CYP3A activities was variable, depending on the organic solvent used as a dissolving solvent for ketoconazole. Our data indicate that each organic solvent had an effect on CYP3A4 activity, evaluated by both substrates with different magnitudes. Furthermore, it was shown that the effects of organic solvents on CYP3A activity are substrate-dependent. The present study also shows that methanol had little effect on either substrate.

scholarly journals Age-dependent changes in phenytoin tissue bindings in rats: Comparison between in vivo and in vitro tissue-to-blood partition coefficients (Kp values) of phenytoin.

1987 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 470-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
YOSHITERU KATO ◽  
JUNJI HIRATE ◽  
KAZUO SAKAGUCHI ◽  
MASAHARU UENO ◽  
ISAMU HORIKOSHI
Keyword(s):  
Partition Coefficients ◽  
Age Dependent
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