Event Files: Evidence for Automatic Integration of Stimulus-Response Episodes

Bernhard Hommel

doi:10.1080/713756773

Watching the Brain as It (Un)Binds: Beta Synchronization Relates to Distractor–Response Binding

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience ◽

10.1162/jocn_a_01730 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Bernhard Pastötter ◽

Birte Moeller ◽

Christian Frings

Keyword(s):

Human Action ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Correlation Effect ◽

Stimulus Onset ◽

Event File ◽

Stimulus Response ◽

Event Files ◽

Middle Occipital Gyrus ◽

The Brain ◽

Left Middle

Abstract Human action control relies on event files, that is, short-term stimulus–response bindings that result from the integration of perception and action. The present EEG study examined oscillatory brain activities related to the integration and disintegration of event files in the distractor–response binding (DRB) task, which relies on a sequential prime–probe structure with orthogonal variation of distractor and response relations between prime and probe. Behavioral results indicated a DRB effect in RTs, which was moderated by the duration of the RSI between prime response and probe stimulus onset. Indeed, a DRB effect was observed for a short RSI of 500 msec but not for a longer RSI of 2000 msec, indicating disintegration of event files over time. EEG results revealed a positive correlation between individual DRB in the RSI-2000 condition and postmovement beta synchronization after both prime and probe responses. Beamformer analysis localized this correlation effect to the middle occipital gyrus, which also showed highest coherency with precentral and inferior parietal brain regions. Together, these findings suggest that postmovement beta synchronization is a marker of event file disintegration, with the left middle occipital gyrus being a hub region for stimulus–response bindings in the visual DRB task.

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Responding to object files: Automatic integration of spatial information revealed by stimulus-response compatibility effects

The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A ◽

10.1080/02724980143000361 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 567-580 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Bernhard Hommel

Keyword(s):

Object Representation ◽

Spatial Information ◽

Object Perception ◽

Object Representations ◽

Important Ingredient ◽

Stimulus Response ◽

Related Information ◽

Automatic Integration ◽

Stimulus Response Compatibility ◽

And Storage

Spatial information is assumed to play a central, organizing role in object perception and to be an important ingredient of object representations. Here, evidence is provided to show that automatically integrated spatial object information is also functional in guiding spatial action. In particular, retrieving nonspatial information about a previewed object facilitates responses that spatially correspond to this object. This is true whether the object is still in sight or has already disappeared. So, forming an object representation entails the integration and storage of action-related information concerning the action that the object affords.

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Watching the brain as it binds: Beta synchronization relates to distractor-response binding

10.31234/osf.io/2mexn ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Bernhard Pastötter ◽

Birte Moeller ◽

Christian Frings

Keyword(s):

Reaction Times ◽

Human Action ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Correlation Effect ◽

Stimulus Onset ◽

Event File ◽

Stimulus Interval ◽

Stimulus Response ◽

Event Files ◽

Middle Occipital Gyrus

Human action control relies on event files, i.e., short-term stimulus-response bindings that result from the integration of perception and action. The present electroencephalography (EEG) study examined oscillatory brain activities related to the integration and disintegration of event files in the distractor-response binding (DRB) task, which relies on a sequential prime-probe structure with orthogonal variation of distractor and response relations between prime and probe. Behavioral results indicated a DRB effect in reaction times (RT), which was moderated by the duration of the response-stimulus interval (RSI) between prime response and probe stimulus onset. Indeed, a DRB effect was observed for a short RSI of 500 ms but not for a longer RSI of 2000 ms, indicating disintegration of event files over time. EEG results revealed a positive correlation between individual DRB in the RSI-2000 condition and post-movement beta synchronization after both prime and probe responses. Beamformer analysis localized this correlation effect to the middle occipital gyrus, which also showed highest coherency with precentral and inferior parietal brain regions. Together, these findings suggest that post-movement beta synchronization is a marker of event-file disintegration, with the left middle occipital gyrus being a hub region for stimulus-response bindings in the present visual DRB task.

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The Effect of Real-Time Feedback Using a Smartwatch on the Clinical Behavior of Novice Student Clinicians

Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups ◽

10.1044/persp2.sig11.79 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (11) ◽

pp. 79-90

Author(s):

Courtney G. Scott ◽

Trina M. Becker ◽

Kenneth O. Simpson

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Rating Scales ◽

Qualitative Interviews ◽

Communication Disorders ◽

Preliminary Evidence ◽

Single Subject ◽

Clinical Behavior ◽

Stimulus Response ◽

Treatment Data ◽

Computer Monitors

The use of computer monitors to provide technology-based written feedback during clinical sessions, referred to as “bug-in-the-eye” (BITi) feedback, recently emerged in the literature with preliminary evidence to support its effectiveness (Carmel, Villatte, Rosenthal, Chalker & Comtois, 2015; Weck et al., 2016). This investigation employed a single-subject, sequential A-B design with two participants to observe the effects of implementing BITi feedback using a smartwatch on the clinical behavior of student clinicians (SCs). Baseline and treatment data on the stimulus-response-consequence (S-R-C) contingency completion rates of SCs were collected using 10 minute segments of recorded therapy sessions. All participants were students enrolled in a clinical practicum experience in a communication disorders and sciences (CDS) program. A celeration line, descriptive statistics, and stability band were used to analyze the data by slope, trend, and variability. Results demonstrated a significant correlative relationship between BITi feedback with a smartwatch and an increase in positive clinical behaviors. Based on qualitative interviews and exit rating scales, SCs reported BITi feedback was noninvasive and minimally distracting. Preliminary evidence suggests BITi feedback with a smartwatch may be an effective tool for providing real-time clinical feedback.

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