Mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase activity and ability to tolerate acetaldehyde determine faster ethanol production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

IUBMB Life ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Shankar ◽  
P.Y. Aneez Ahamad ◽  
M. S. Ramakrishnan ◽  
S. Umesh-Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase

scholarly journals Respiratory Chain Analysis of Zymomonas mobilis Mutants Producing High Levels of Ethanol

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (16) ◽  
pp. 5622-5629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Hayashi ◽  
Tsuyoshi Kato ◽  
Kensuke Furukawa
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Respiratory Chain ◽  
Zymomonas Mobilis ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Aerobic Growth ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Respiratory Chains

ABSTRACTWe previously isolated respiratory-deficient mutant (RDM) strains ofZymomonas mobilis, which exhibited greater growth and enhanced ethanol production under aerobic conditions. These RDM strains also acquired thermotolerance. Morphologically, the cells of all RDM strains were shorter compared to the wild-type strain. We investigated the respiratory chains of these RDM strains and found that some RDM strains lost NADH dehydrogenase activity, whereas others exhibited reduced cytochromebd-type ubiquinol oxidase or ubiquinol peroxidase activities. Complementation experiments restored the wild-type phenotype. Some RDM strains seem to have certain mutations other than the corresponding respiratory chain components. RDM strains with deficient NADH dehydrogenase activity displayed the greatest amount of aerobic growth, enhanced ethanol production, and thermotolerance. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that all NADH dehydrogenase-deficient strains were mutated within thendhgene, which includes insertion, deletion, or frameshift. These results suggested that the loss of NADH dehydrogenase activity permits the acquisition of higher aerobic growth, enhanced ethanol production, and thermotolerance in this industrially important strain.

scholarly journals Identification of a Cytosolically Directed NADH Dehydrogenase in Mitochondria of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1998 ◽  
Vol 180 (16) ◽  
pp. 4051-4055 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Curtis Small ◽  
Lee McAlister-Henn
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Metabolic Functions ◽  
Genes Encoding

ABSTRACT The reoxidation of NADH generated in reactions within the mitochondrial matrix of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is catalyzed by an NADH dehydrogenase designated Ndi1p (C. A. M. Marres, S. de Vries, and L. A. Grivell, Eur. J. Biochem. 195:857–862, 1991). Gene disruption analysis was used to examine possible metabolic functions of two proteins encoded by open reading frames having significant primary sequence similarity to Ndi1p. Disruption of the gene designated NDH1 results in a threefold reduction in total mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase activity in cells cultivated with glucose and in a fourfold reduction in the respiration of isolated mitochondria with NADH as the substrate. Thus, Ndh1p appears to be a mitochondrial dehydrogenase capable of using exogenous NADH. Disruption of a closely related gene designated NDH2 has no effect on these properties. Growth phenotype analyses suggest that the external NADH dehydrogenase activity of Ndh1p is important for optimum cellular growth with a number of nonfermentable carbon sources, including ethanol. Codisruption of NDH1 and genes encoding malate dehydrogenases essentially eliminates growth on nonfermentable carbon sources, suggesting that the external mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase and the malate-aspartate shuttle may both contribute to reoxidation of cytosolic NADH under these growth conditions.

scholarly journals Effects of Ultrasound on Fermentation of Glucose to Ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Fermentation ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Huezo ◽  
Ajay Shah ◽  
Frederick Michel
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Intraparticle Mass Transfer ◽  
Improve Mass Transfer

Previous studies have shown that pretreatment of corn slurries using ultrasound improves starch release and ethanol yield during biofuel production. However, studies on its effects on the mass transfer of substrates and products during fermentation have shown that it can have both beneficial and inhibitory effects. In this study, the effects of ultrasound on mass transfer limitations during fermentation were examined. Calculation of the external and intraparticle observable moduli under a range of conditions indicate that no external or intraparticle mass transfer limitations should exist for the mass transfer of glucose, ethanol, or carbon dioxide. Fermentations of glucose to ethanol using Saccharomyces cerevisiae were conducted at different ultrasound intensities to examine its effects on glucose uptake, ethanol production, and yeast population and viability. Four treatments were compared: direct ultrasound at intensities of 23 and 32 W/L, indirect ultrasound (1.4 W/L), and no-ultrasound. Direct and indirect ultrasound had negative effects on yeast performance and viability, and reduced the rates of glucose uptake and ethanol production. These results indicate that ultrasound during fermentation, at the levels applied, is inhibitory and not expected to improve mass transfer limitations.

Some physiological parameters for ethanol production from beet molasses by Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y-7

1992 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.H. El-Refai ◽  
M.S. El-Abyad ◽  
A.I. El-Diwany ◽  
L.A. Sallam ◽  
Reda F. Allam
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Beet Molasses

Genetic Enhancement of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae for First and Second Generation Ethanol Production

2017 ◽  
pp. 239-279
Author(s):  
Fernanda Bravim ◽  
Melina Campagnaro Farias ◽  
Oeber De Freitas Quadros ◽  
Patricia Machado Bueno Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Genetic Enhancement ◽  
First And Second Generation ◽  
Second Generation Ethanol
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