scholarly journals Measures of Similarity Between Objects Based on Qualitative Shape Descriptions

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoe Falomir ◽  
Luis Gonzalez-Abril ◽  
Lledó Museros ◽  
Juan Antonio Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Shape ◽  
Shape Descriptions

scholarly journals Class Representation of Shapes Using Qualitative-codes

10.14311/224 ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf Fouad Hafez Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Coding Theory ◽  
Geometric Modeling ◽  
Shape Representation ◽  
Simple Task ◽  
Shape Information ◽  
Shape Comparison ◽  
Qualitative Shape ◽  
Shape Descriptions ◽  
Cartesian Coordinate ◽  
Class Representation

This paper introduces our qualitative shape representation formalism that is devised to overcome, as we have argued, the class abstraction problems created by numeric schemes. The numeric shape representation method used in conventional geometric modeling systems reveals difficulties in several aspects of architectural designing. Firstly, numeric schemes strongly require complete and detailed information for any simple task of object modeling. This requirement of information completeness makes it hard to apply numeric schemes to shapes in sketch level drawings that are characteristically ambiguous and have non-specific limitations on shape descriptions. Secondly, Cartesian coordinate-based quantitative shape representation schemes show restrictions in the task of shape comparison and classification that are inevitably involved in abstract concepts related to shape characteristics. One of the reasons why quantitative schemes are difficult to apply to the abstraction of individual shape information into its classes and categories is the uniqueness property, meaning that an individual description in a quantitative scheme should refer to only one object in the domain of representation. A class representation, however, should be able to indicate not only one but also a group of objects sharing common characteristics. Thirdly, it is difficult or inefficient to apply numeric shape representation schemes based on the Cartesian coordinate system to preliminary shape analysis and modeling tasks because of their emphasis on issues, such as detail, completeness, uniqueness and individuality, which can only be accessed in the final stages of designing. Therefore, we face the need for alternative shape representation schemes that can handle class representation of objects in order to manage the shapes in the early stages of designing. We consider shape as a boundary description consisting of a set of connected and closed lines. Moreover, we need to consider non-numeric approaches to overcome the problems caused by quantitative representation approaches.This paper introduces a qualitative approach to shape representation that is contrasted to conventional numeric techniques. This research is motivated by ideas and methodologies from related studies such as in qualitative formalism ([4], [6], [19], [13], [31]), qualitative abstraction [16], qualitative vector algebra ([7], [32]), qualitative shapes ([18], [23], [21]), and coding theory ([20], [25], [26], [1], [2], [3], [22]). We develop a qualitative shape representation scheme by adopting propitious aspects of the above techniques to suit the need for our shape comparison and analysis tasks. The qualitative shape-encoding scheme converts shapes into systematically constructed qualitative symbols called Q-codes. This paper explains how the Q-code scheme is developed and applied.

scholarly journals Application of Multiparametric Intraoperative Ultrasound in Glioma Surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Ji Shi ◽  
Ye Zhang ◽  
Bing Yao ◽  
Peixin Sun ◽  
Yuanyuan Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Intraoperative Ultrasound ◽  
Ultrasound Elastography ◽  
Primary Malignancy ◽  
Glioma Surgery ◽  
Attractive Option ◽  
Ultrasound Technology ◽  
Shape Descriptions

Gliomas are the most invasive and fatal primary malignancy of the central nervous system that have poor prognosis, with maximal safe resection representing the gold standard for surgical treatment. To achieve gross total resection (GTR), neurosurgery relies heavily on generating continuous, real-time, intraoperative glioma descriptions based on image guidance. Given the limitations of currently available equipment, developing a real-time image-guided resection technique that provides reliable functional and anatomical information during intraoperative settings is imperative. Nowadays, the application of intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) has been shown to improve resection rates and maximize brain function preservation. IOUS, which presents an attractive option due to its low cost, minimal operational flow interruptions, and lack of radiation exposure, is able to provide real-time localization and accurate tumor size and shape descriptions while helping distinguish residual tumors and addressing brain shift. Moreover, the application of new advancements in ultrasound technology, such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound, three-dimensional ultrasound, navigable ultrasound, ultrasound elastography, and functional ultrasound, could help to achieve GTR during glioma surgery. The current review describes current advancements in ultrasound technology and evaluates the role and limitation of IOUS in glioma surgery.

scholarly journals Dependence of Model Energy Spectra on Vertical Resolution

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (4) ◽  
pp. 1407-1421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Waite
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Vertical Mixing ◽  
Energy Spectra ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Rossby Number ◽  
Vertical Resolution ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Qualitative Shape ◽  
Vertical Grid

Abstract Many high-resolution atmospheric models can reproduce the qualitative shape of the atmospheric kinetic energy spectrum, which has a power-law slope of −3 at large horizontal scales that shallows to approximately −5/3 in the mesoscale. This paper investigates the possible dependence of model energy spectra on the vertical grid resolution. Idealized simulations forced by relaxation to a baroclinically unstable jet are performed for a wide range of vertical grid spacings Δz. Energy spectra are converged for Δz 200 m but are very sensitive to resolution with 500 m ≤ Δz ≤ 2 km. The nature of this sensitivity depends on the vertical mixing scheme. With no vertical mixing or with weak, stability-dependent mixing, the mesoscale spectra are artificially amplified by low resolution: they are shallower and extend to larger scales than in the converged simulations. By contrast, vertical hyperviscosity with fixed grid-scale damping rate has the opposite effect: underresolved spectra are spuriously steepened. High-resolution spectra are converged except for the stability-dependent mixing case, which are damped by excessive mixing due to enhanced shear over a wide range of horizontal scales. It is shown that converged spectra require resolution of all vertical scales associated with the resolved horizontal structures: these include quasigeostrophic scales for large-scale motions with small Rossby number and the buoyancy scale for small-scale motions at large Rossby number. It is speculated that some model energy spectra may be contaminated by low vertical resolution, and it is recommended that vertical-resolution sensitivity tests always be performed.

Representations for qualitative shape

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkataraman Sundareswaran
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Shape

Recognizing object function through reasoning about partial shape descriptions and dynamic physical properties

1996 ◽  
Vol 84 (11) ◽  
pp. 1640-1656 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Stark ◽  
K. Bowyer ◽  
A. Hoover ◽  
D.B. Goldgof
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Object Function ◽  
Shape Descriptions

On sequential shape descriptions

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.V. Jagadish ◽  
A.M. Bruckstein
Keyword(s):  
Shape Descriptions

scholarly journals EVALUASI PELAKSANAAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PADA PT UNILEVER INDONESIA, TBK.

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ian Nurpatria Suryawan ◽  
Setia Tjahyanti ◽  
Stefani ,
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Limited Liability ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Environmental Responsibility ◽  
Qualitative Shape ◽  
Adaptive Culture ◽  
Corporate Social

<p>Corporate Social Responsibility is a must for companies, especially for a limited<br />liability company. It is attested in chapter V Social and Environmental Responsibility in<br />sections 74 subsection (1) until subsection (3) of law No. 40 year 2007 on limited liability<br />company. This study uses secondary data and qualitative shape that is from the website of<br />PT Unilever Indonesia, Tbk. regarding the activities of Corporate Social Responsibility<br />the company has done and using research on Corporate Social Responsibility that has<br />been done by researchers previously associated laws-an invitation about Corporate<br />Social Responsibility. Corporate Social Responsibility is also always associated with<br />Green Economy. The management of PT Unilever Indonesia, Tbk. was successfully<br />implementing Corporate Social Responsibility as part of a strong organizational culture<br />and also PT Unilever Indonesia, Tbk. has been successfully implementing adaptive culture.</p>

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