Interval estimation of the median effective dose for a logistic dose-response curve

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 715-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Harris ◽  
Mark Hann ◽  
Simon P. J. Kirby ◽  
John C. Dearden
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Response Curve ◽  
Interval Estimation ◽  
Dose Response Curve

Differential sensitivity of Verticillium dahliae, V. albo-atrum, and V. nigrescens to benomyl

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 452-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Hall
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Verticillium Dahliae ◽  
Response Curve ◽  
Dose Response Curve ◽  
Differential Sensitivity ◽  
Positive Identification ◽  
Dose Curve ◽  
Range Of Values

Small but significant (P = 0.05) differences in sensitivity to benomyl in vitro were observed among collections of Verticillium dahliae (21 isolates), V. albo-atrum (9 isolates), and V. nigrescens (8 isolates). Mean species effective dose (milligrams per liter) (ED50) values were, respectively, 0.36, p.26, and 0.19 (significantly different from one another). The corresponding mean species values for the slope of the probit inhibition – log dose curve were 10.55, 12.55 (not significantly different), and 6.87 (significantly different). However, positive identification of an isolate by its ED50 value or the slope of the dose–response curve was not possible because of overlap in the range of values within species.

Effect of 5-isosorbide mononitrate on isosorbide dinitrate-induced relaxation of rabbit aortic rings

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 1194-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian M. Bennett ◽  
Glen S. Tam ◽  
Katherine Van Alstyne ◽  
James F. Brien ◽  
Kanji Nakatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Isosorbide Dinitrate ◽  
Response Curve ◽  
Parent Drug ◽  
Similar Efficacy ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Dose Response Curve ◽  
Isosorbide Mononitrate ◽  
Organic Nitrates

The ability of isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) and its two metabolites, 5-isosorbide mononitrate (5-ISMN) and 2-isosorbide mononitrate (2-ISMN), to relax phenylephrine-contracted rabbit aortic rings was compared. The three organic nitrates demonstrated similar efficacy. ISDN was found to be the most potent (median effective dose (ED50); 1.5 × 10−7 ± 1.1 × 10−7 M), followed by 2-ISMN (ED50, 1.8 × 10−6 ± 9 × 10−7 M) and 5-ISMN (ED50, 8.2 × 10−6 ± 3.6 × 10−6 M). The log dose–response curve of ISDN in rabbit aortic rings was constructed in the absence and presence of three fixed concentrations of 5-ISMN (5 × 10−6, 10−5, and 3 × 10−5 M). No shift in the ISDN dose–response curve at high ISDN concentrations was noted in the presence of 5-ISMN. Using the isobolographic method with fixed ISDN/5-ISMN ratio mixtures, no evidence for an antagonistic effect of 5-ISMN on ISDN-induced vasodilation was obtained. Analysis of the fixed ISDN/5-ISMN ratio mixture responses by the median–effect plot showed no antagonistic effect. It is concluded that (a) in rabbit aortic rings 5-ISMN, the major metabolite of ISDN, is not an antagonist of ISDN at a "nitrate receptor," and (b) no support is provided for the hypothesis that the accumulation in plasma of metabolites (e.g., 5-ISMN) with longer half-lives than the parent drug explains tolerance to organic nitrates.

scholarly journals Effect of adding oat bran to instant oatmeal on glycaemic response in humans – a study to establish the minimum effective dose of oat β-glucan

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1692-1700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. S. Wolever ◽  
Alexandra L. Jenkins ◽  
Kevin Prudence ◽  
Jodee Johnson ◽  
Ruedi Duss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Response Curve ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Dose Response Curve ◽  
Minimum Effective Dose ◽  
Glycaemic Response ◽  
Oat Bran ◽  
High Doses

The slope of the present dose–response curve for low-dose oat β-glucan (g/g available-carbohydrate) is equivalent to that for high doses.

OVARIAN ASCORBIC ACID DEPLETION TEST FOR LUTEINIZING HORMONE

1967 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 619-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Jacob Koed ◽  
Christian Hamburger
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Response Curve ◽  
Dose Response Curve ◽  
Human Origin ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Different Levels

ABSTRACT Comparison of the dose-response curves for LH of ovine origin (NIH-LH-S8) and of human origin (IRP-HMG-2) using the OAAD test showed a small, though statistically significant difference, the dose-response curve for LH of human origin being a little flatter. Two standard curves for ovine LH obtained with 14 months' interval, were parallel but at different levels of ovarian ascorbic acid. When the mean ascorbic acid depletions were calculated as percentages of the control levels, the two curves for NIH-LH-S8 were identical. The use of standards of human origin in the OAAD test for LH activity of human preparations is recommended.

HYPERTROPHIC ADRENALS AND THEIR RESPONSE TO STRESS AFTER LESIONS IN THE MEDIAN EMINENCE OF TOTALLY HYPOPHYSECTOMIZED PIGEONS

1961 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Median Eminence ◽  
Response Curve ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Dose Response Curve ◽  
Pars Distalis ◽  
Adrenal Enlargement ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Lethal Doses ◽  
Chromaffin Tissue

ABSTRACT Four per cent formaldehyde, insulin, or epinephrine in oil was injected for 5 days into pigeons subjected to varying degrees of hypophysectomy alone or together with large lesions in the median eminence and hypothalamus. Adrenals atrophied after the removal of the pars distalis alone or together with the neurohypophysis in untreated pigeons but showed markedly hypertrophic interrenal tissue (cortex in mammals) after treatment with formaldehyde or insulin. The slope of the dose-response curve was similar in operated and unoperated pigeons. The accumulation of bile in the liver parenchyma, which may occur after removal of the pars distalis, is an endogenous stress which was associated regularly with adrenal hypertrophy. After very large lesions of the median eminence and ventral hypothalamus in addition to total hypophysectomy, adrenals hypertrophied rather than atrophied, and the response to formaldehyde paralleled that in intact and »hypohysectomized« pigeons. Interrenal tissue was stimulated regularly; chromaffin tissue was partially degranulated, sometimes showed hyperplasia with colchicine, but only occasionally appeared hypertrophied. Epinephrine in nearly lethal doses caused only minimal adrenal enlargement. After adrenal denervation followed by hypophysectomy, the adrenals were still stimulated by formaldehyde. It appears that the interrenal tissue of the pigeon responds to a humoral stimulus not of hypophyseal origin in the absence of the hypophyseal-hypothalamic system.

ANTI-OVULATORY ACTIVITY OF STEROIDS ADMINISTERED BY GAVAGE IN THE ADULT OESTRUS RABBIT

1963 ◽  
Vol 42 (2_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S17-S30
Author(s):  
Fred A. Kind ◽  
Ralph I. Dorfman
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Response Curve ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Dose Response Curve ◽  
Relative Potency ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Dose Levels

ABSTRACT Thirty-seven steroids have been studied as orally effective inhibitors of ovulation in the mated oestrus rabbit. Norethisterone served as the reference standard and a dose response curve was established between the 0.31 and 1.25 mg dose levels. Nine highly active anti-ovulatory compounds are described listed in a decreasing order of potency with norethisterone having the arbitrary value of one: 6-chloro-Δ6-dehydro-17α-acetoxyprogesterone (35), 6α-methyl-Δ1-dehydro-17α-acetoxyprogesterone (≥ 10), 6-fluoro-Δ6-dehydro-17α-acetoxyprogesterone(9), 6-methyl-Δ6-dehydro-17α-acetoxyprogesterone (5), Δ6-dehydro-17α-acetoxyprogesterone (≥ 3), 6α-methyl-17α-acetoxyprogesterone (2.6), 6-chloro-Δ1,6-bisdehydro-17α-acetoxyprogesterone (≥ 2), 2-hydroxymethyl-17α-methyl-17β-hydroxyandrostan-3-one (≥ 2), and 6α-fluoro-16α-methyl-17α-acetoxyprogesterone (≥ 1.25). The anti-ovulatory activity of a compound was not related necessarily to the progestational activity of a compound nor to the anti-gonadotrophic activity as measured in parabiotic rats. 6-Chloro-Δ60dehydro-17-acetoxyprogesterone was as effective by gavage as previously shown by subcutaneous injection. 2-Hydroxymethyl-17α-methyl-17β-hydroxyandrostan-3-one was at least 2.5 times more active by gavage than by injection. While 17α-acetoxyprogesterone was a very weak anti-ovulatory steroid, modifications of the structure by addition of methyl or halogen at the 6α position with or without unsaturation greatly increased the activity. 6-Chloro-Δ6-dehydro-27α-acetoxyprogesterone was the most active compound in this series showing a relative potency of 3500 times that of the parent compound 17α-acetoxyprogesterone.

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