Effects of environmental temperature, dietary energy, sex and age on nitrogen and energy retention in the edible carcase of broilers

1989 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 735-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. B. Sonaiya
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Energy Retention

Effects of environmental temperature and dietary energy on energy partitioning coefficients of female broiler breeders1

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (10) ◽  
pp. 4734-4741 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pishnamazi ◽  
R. A. Renema ◽  
D. C. Paul ◽  
I. I. Wenger ◽  
M. J. Zuidhof
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Energy Partitioning ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Partitioning Coefficients

scholarly journals The Effects of Environmental Temperature, Sex, and Dietary Energy Levels on Growth Performance of Large White Turkeys

1978 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
KLAUS de ALBUQUERQUE ◽  
A.T. LEIGHTON ◽  
J.P. MASON ◽  
L.M. POTTER
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Large White

Calorimetric studies on the effect of dietary energy source and environmental temperature on the metabolic efficiency of energy utilization by mature Light Sussex cockerels

1969 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. F. Shannon ◽  
W. O. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Heat Production ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Metabolic Efficiency ◽  
Heat Increment ◽  
Energy Retention ◽  
Calorimetric Studies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Maize Oil

SUMMARYExperiments to determine the net availabilities of the metabolizable energy (NAME) of a cereal-based diet and a maize-oil diet for maintenance and lipogenesis and the effect of environmental temperature on the NAME of the cereal-based diet are described. Four 1- to 2-year-old Light Sussex cockerels were used.The relationship between ME intake and energy retention was linear for each diet. The NAME'S of the cereal-based diet given at 22° and 28 °C (70.6 ± 1.83 % and 73.6 ± 3.54%, respectively) were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than the NAME of the maize-oil diet (84.1 ± 1.85%). It is concluded that the beneficial effect of maize oil on the efficiency of energy utilization is due to a reduced heat increment rather than a reduction in the basal component of the heat production. The higher efficiency from the maize-oil diet led to an increase in the energy retained as fat.The mean fasting heat production at 28 °C was 15 % lower than at 22 °C (43.2 ± 1.45 and 51.2 ± 1.09 kcal/kg/day, respectively). The NAME of the cereal-based diet was not significantly different when the birds were kept at 22° or 28 °C. The lower metabolic rate at 28 °C was reflected in a lower maintenance requirement and in an increase in the deposition of body fat.

scholarly journals The effects of plane of nutrition and environmental temperature on the energy metabolism of the growing pig

1978 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Close
Keyword(s):  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Growing Pig ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Energy Retention ◽  
Curvilinear Relation ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

1. From the relation between metabolizable energy (me) intake and heat loss (H), energy retention (ER), protein (P) and fat (F) deposition the energy costs of maintenance (MEm) and the partial efficiencies of energy retention (k) and protein (kp) and fat (kf) retention were determined in growing pigs at environmental temperatures of 10, 15, 20, 25 or 30°.2. k decreased with increase in environmental temperature from 0.79 at 10° to 0.63 at 30° with 0.67 at the thermally-neutral temperature of 25°. Each 0.04 decrease in k was associated with a 100 kJ/kg0.75 per d decrease in mem Analysis, within several ranges of environmental temperature, suggested a curvilinear relation between ER and me intake indicating a decrease in k with increase in level of feeding, particularly at thermally-neutral temperatures.3. Both kp and kf were similar at each environmental temperature and decreased from 0.78 at 10° to 0.63 at 30°. These values are discussed in relation to those predicted from experimentation and it is suggested that the wide range of predicted estimates of kp could be attributed to differences in the rate of protein turnover.

scholarly journals The effects of environmental temperature and plane of nutrition on heat loss, energy retention and deposition of protein and fat in groups of growing pigs

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. A. Verstegen ◽  
W. H. Close ◽  
I. B. Start ◽  
L. E. Mount
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
N Retention ◽  
Feeding Level ◽  
Energy Retention

1. Eight groups each of four castrated male pigs, 25–30 kg initial body-weight, were kept for periods of 3 weeks in a calorimeter equipped as a pig pen and maintained at either 8° or 20°. At each temperature two feeding levels (g food/kg body-weight per d) were used, 45 and 52 at 8°, and 39 and 45 at 20°. Metabolizable energy, heat loss and nitrogen balance were measured.2. Heat loss was higher at 8° than at 20° and was independent of plane of nutrition, whereas at 20° the higher heat loss occurred at the higher plane of nutrition. Energy retention depended on both temperature and feeding level, and was highest at the 52 g feeding level at 8°.3. N retention was not influenced by environmental temperature but varied with plane of nutrition (correlation coefficient = 0·94), the increase being 9·98 (± 0·8) mg N per g food increase. The correlation coefficient between N retention and body-weight gain was also 0·94; body-weight gain was correlated with N retention rather than with fat deposition. Fat gain was reduced at the lower feeding levels and at the lower environmental temperature at the feeding level of 45 g/kg.4. The partial efficiency of energy retention at 20° was 66·5%. From this efficiency the maintenance requirement (at zero energy retention) at 20° was calculated to be 418 kJ/kg0·75. At 8° the partial efficiency of energy retention was 99·4%.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Energy, Environmental Temperature, and Sex of Market Broilers on Lipoprotein Composition

1981 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1282-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
WAYNE L. BACON ◽  
AUSTIN H. CANTOR ◽  
MARILYN A. COLEMAN
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Lipoprotein Composition
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