Salinity tolerance during germination of seashore halophytes and salt-tolerant grass cultivars

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Martin Hanslin ◽  
Trine Eggen
Keyword(s):  
High Salinity ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Artemisia Vulgaris ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Salinity Response ◽  
Tolerant Species ◽  
High Germination ◽  
Juncus Gerardii ◽  
Saline Habitats

Direct sowing is the simplest method of plant establishment for restoration and remediation purposes, but relatively few plants can establish under high salinity conditions. In this study, the ability of different seashore plants and grass cultivars to germinate in different dilutions of seawater (0–400 mM NaCl) was tested. Highest germination was found in distilled water or seawater dilutions up to 100 mM NaCl. When seawater concentrations were increased from 100 to 200 mM NaCl, a strong decline in germination percentage and rate was observed in less salt-tolerant species, such as Matricaria maritima and Achillea millefolium. The more salt-tolerant species, Plantago maritima, Juncus gerardii, Artemisia vulgaris, Agrostis spp. and Rumex spp., had a threshold salinity, where germination was significantly decreased in seawater dilutions between 200 and 400 mM NaCl. Even among the salt-tolerant species, only two, Agrostis stolonifera and Artemisia vulgaris, germinated at 400 mM. Variation in salinity response was observed among populations of Artemisia vulgaris and among cultivars of Festuca spp. Increasing salinity to 200 mM NaCl delayed germination in most species. Ungerminated seeds of most salinity-tolerant species were still viable after 21 d at the highest salinity (400 mM), and showed a rapid and high germination when transferred to distilled water. These species would be able to survive high salinity and germinate when the salinity of the sediments decreases through dilution or leaching of salts. The experiment revealed species and cultivars that will be of interest in further testing for restoration and remediation in saline habitats.

Germination of the Salt-Tolerant Grass Diplachne fusca. II. Salinity Responses

1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 239 ◽  
Author(s):  
BA Myers ◽  
WC Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Daily Minimum Temperature ◽  
Daily Maximum Temperature ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Similar Reduction ◽  
Threshold Temperatures

The responses -of germination of the salt-tolerant grass Diplachne fusca (L.) Beauv. to salinity and various temperature regimes are described. At temperatures of 30/20°C (12 h light and dark periods), final germination was 70% in distilled water, decreased to 50% in 175 mol m-3 NaCl (π = - 0.8 MPa) and 7% in 380 mol m-3 NaCl (π = -1.8 MPa). Increasing salinity from 0-130mol m-3 NaCl decreased the final germination percentage, but did not modify the threshold temperatures (day or night temperature > 27°C) at which germination occurred. Presoaking in distilled water or 1% CaCl2· 2H20 solution did not significantly affect the final germination percentage of seeds which were subsequently placed in solutions with a range of salinities from 0-210 mol m-3 NaCl (*#960 = 0 to - 1.0 MPa). How- ever, addition of CaCl2 to NaCl solution increased the final germination percentage compared with that in pure NaCl solution. Presoaking in concentrated (400 mol m-3) NaCl solution caused a decrease in subsequent germinability of 20 or 40% in 0 and 40 mol m-3 NaCl, respectively. Under field conditions (in soil with mean daily maximum temperature of 33°C and mean daily minimum temperature of 15°C), rates of seedling establishment were similar (16% of seed sown) in soils irrigated with 0 or 50 mol m-3 NaCl, and were 1% in those irrigated with 100 mol m-3 NaCl. The inhibition of germination in NaCl solution was largely an osmotic effect since there was a similar reduction in the final germination percentage in iso-osmotic solutions of NaCl and mannitol. However, the proportion of seeds germinating in NaCl solution was enhanced by adding calcium. The inhibition of germination was greater in sulfate solutions compared with that in chloride solutions and, to a lesser degree, in potassium compared with sodium solutions. The practical implications of our results are discussed. The incorporation of gypsum into the soil and measures to leach salts from the topsoil are recommended before D. fusca is sown on saline land.

Effects of temperature and salinity on the germination of Puccinellia ciliata (Bor) cv. Menemen

1989 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 561 ◽  
Author(s):  
BA Myers ◽  
DI Couper
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Osmotic Effect ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

Puccinecia ciliata is a salt-tolerant, winter-growing grass. The responses of germination of P. ciliata to salinity and temperature were investigated. With a day/night temperature regime of 25/15�C, the final germination percentage of P. ciliata in distilled water was 54%, and was not significantly affected by salinities up to 87 mol m NaCl (osmotic potential, =, -0.4 MPa), but decreased to 5.2% in 260 mol m-3 NaCl (=, -1.2 MPa). The n at which the final germination percentage was reduced by 5O0/n of that in distilled water was about -0.5 MPa, which was similar to that of Lolium perenne. However, for L. perenne, the final germination percentage decreased more rapidly with increasing salinity and from a higher value in distilled water (97%) compared with P. ciliata. Germination of P. ciliata was completely inhibited at constant 33�C and was low (<20%) where day temperature was 30�C and night temperature was greater than or equal to 17�C. Maximum germination was observed where day and night temperatures were between 17 and 24�C, but were not equal. The rate of germination decreased with increasing salinity and was maximal at temperatures between 17�C and 24�C. The reduction in the final germination percentage in NaCl solution was apparently an osmotic effect since the final germination percentage in iso-osmotic solutions of mannitol, polyethylene glycol, NaCl, KC1 and KNO3 were similar. P. ciliala and L. perenne were more salt sensitive during germination than during early seedling growth; for 35-day-old seedlings, shoot dry weight was reduced by 50% of that of the nonsaline treatment when irrigated with solution with = of -0.75 MPa for L. perenne and - 1.25 MPa for P. ciliala.

Soil Requirements of Four Salt Tolerant Species in Two Saline Habitats

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Gómez Mercado ◽  
Fernando Del Moral Torres ◽  
Esther Giménez Luque ◽  
Enrique López Carrique ◽  
Isabel C. Delgado Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Tolerant Species ◽  
Saline Habitats

Morphological performances of BINA soybean 6 (Glycine max) at several salinity stress concentrations in coastal region of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (02) ◽  
pp. 2287-2295
Author(s):  
F. A. Trina ◽  
R. Ahmed ◽  
R. A. Ruhi ◽  
M. I. H. Joy ◽  
M. B. J. Maliha
Keyword(s):  
Latin Square ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Flower Plant ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Branch Plant ◽  
Number Of Leaves

A pot experiment was conducted from 2019 to 2020 at Noakhali Science and Technology University (NSTU), Noakhali, Bangladesh, to investigate the morphological performances of BINA Soybean-6 under various saline conditions. Salinity is a widespread problem responsible for limiting the productivity of oilseed crops and soybean cultivars differ in their sensitivity to soil salinity. The research material was BINA Soybean-6 collected from the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh. There were five treatments of salinity viz., T0 (distilled water), T1 (50mMNaCl), T2 (100mMNaCl), T3 (150mMNaCl) and T4 (200mMNaCl) were used in the experiment in which distilled water was used as control. Latin Square Design (LSD) with three replications was used in this experiment. In the present study, BINA Soybean 6 showed a significant variation in the contributing parameters. The experimental parameters used during the experiment were germination percentage and duration, height of plants (cm), number of branches/plant, number of leaves/plant, number of flowers/plant, number of pods/plant, length of pods (cm), seeds/pod, and length of root (cm). The highest germination percentage (83.33%) was observed in control (T0) condition while germination percentage was suppressed under T4 treatment i.e. 200mMNaCl concentration. Germination percentages were gradually decreased with the increase of salinity level. The highest plant height (34.22 cm), number of branch plant-1 (3.44), leaf number plant-1 (13.56), number of flower plant-1 (24.33), pod number plant-1 (21.22), seeds pod-1 (3.33), length of pod (5.44 cm) and root length (15.89 cm) were obtained at control (T0) condition. It was observed that the parameters were diminished gradually with the rising of salinity levels compared to the treatment T0 (Control).

scholarly journals Dormancy break in seeds of "quina" (Strychnos pseudoquina A. St.-Hil.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Vasconcelos ◽  
M.A. Rodrigues ◽  
S.C. Vasconcelos Filho ◽  
J.F. Sales ◽  
F.G. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Boiling Water ◽  
Medicinal Plant Species ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Germination Speed

"Quina" (Strychnos pseudoquina A. St. Hil) is a medicinal plant species from the Brazilian Cerrado. As its seeds show dormancy, they were subjected to the treatments pre-cooling at 5ºC during 7 days, pre-heating at 40ºC during 7 days, pre-soaking in sulfuric acid PA during 5 and 15 min, pre-soaking in boiling water during 5 and 15 min, pre-soaking in 100 and 200 ppm gibberellic acid during 48 h, pre-soaking in distilled water during 24 and 48 h, and mechanical scarification to break dormancy. Counts were daily conducted from the 2nd day after the experiment implementation until the germination stabilization at the 65th day. The germination speed index (GSI) and the germination percentage were evaluated. Germination rates above 96% were reached in seeds pre-soaked in water during 48 h and substrate moistened with water or KNO3.

scholarly journals Influence of Maternal Habitat on Salinity Tolerance of Zygophyllum coccineum with Regard to Seed Germination and Growth Parameters

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1504
Author(s):  
Elsayed Mohamed ◽  
Ahmed M. M. A. Kasem ◽  
Adil A. Gobouri ◽  
Amr Elkelish ◽  
Ehab Azab
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Adaptive Plasticity ◽  
Salt Level ◽  
Level Increase ◽  
Moderate Salinity ◽  
Saline Habitats

Zygophyllum coccineum is a facultative halophyte widely distributed in desert wadis and coastal areas in Egypt. Here, we investigated the influences of maternal habitat on tolerance to salt stress during germination and seedling growth under salinity (0, 100, 200, 400 mM NaCl) of three populations of Z. coccineum from a saline habitat (Manzala coast) and non-saline habitats (Wadi Houf and Wadi Asyuti). In all populations, seed germination started within two days in distilled water but germination indices were reduced significantly with salt level increase. Germination percentage was not significantly greater for seeds from non-saline habitats than for those from the saline habitat under moderate salinity (100, 200 mM NaCl), but only seeds from the saline habitat were able to germinate under high salt stress (400 mM NaCl). Germination recovery was greater for seeds from the saline habitat compared to non-saline populations. At the seedling level, the Manzala population showed the lowest inhibition of shoot length and leaf area under salinity (200 and 400 mM NaCl) compared to non-saline habitats. In the same context, the Manzala population had the maximum chlorophyll a content, superoxide dismutase and esterase activities under salinity compared to non-saline populations, but salinity had a non-significant effect on chlorophyll b between the three populations. Carotenoids were enhanced with the increase of salt levels in all populations. These results suggest the salt tolerance of Manzala population is derived from maternal salinity and adaptive plasticity of this species may play an important role in the wide distribution of Z. coccineum.

A Case Study of Salt-Tolerant Functional Polymer For EOR in Carbonate Reservoirs with Ultra-High Salinity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aidar Zamilevich Mustafin ◽  
Kexing Li ◽  
Mikhail Alekseevich Varfolomeev ◽  
Chengdong Yuan ◽  
Rail Ilgizarovich Kadyrov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Salinity ◽  
Carbonate Reservoirs ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Functional Polymer

scholarly journals The Effect of Priming Treatments on Germination and Seedling Performance of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) Seed Lots

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Eren OZDEN ◽  
Ibrahim DEMIR
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Climate Chamber ◽  
Untreated Seed ◽  
Percent Relative Humidity ◽  
Purslane Seed

This study was conducted to test the effect of a priming combination on the seed germination percentage and seedling emergence performance of purslane under climate chamber and field conditions. Four purslane seed lots were treated according five different methods, which were T1: Seeds kept at a hundred percent relative humidity for four hours at 20 °C; T2: Seeds kept at a hundred percent relative humidity for four hours at 20 °C, and then soaked in distilled water for 8 hours at 5 °C; T3: Seeds kept at a hundred percent relative humidity for four hours at 20 °C, and then soaked in distilled water for 8 hours at 20 °C; T4: Seeds soaked in distilled water for 8 hours at 5 °C; T5: Seeds soaked in distilled water for 8 hours at 20 °C; and C: Control (untreated). Seed germination was calculated for 14 days at 20 °C, seedling emergence percentages were calculated in the climatically-controlled chamber for 21 days at 22 °C, and in the field for 35 days at 15-25 °C. The highest seed germination (94%) and seedling emergence in the climatically-controlled chamber (87%) and field (82%) were obtained from seeds that had been kept at a hundred percent relative humidity for four hours at 20 °C, then soaked in distilled water for eight hours at 5 °C. Results indicated that farm-priming, can be an efficient priming method in purslane seeds.

scholarly journals Effects of aqueous plant extracts and inorganic fertilizer on the germination, growth and development of maize (Zea mays L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanayo Chukwuka ◽  
Maxwell Obiakara ◽  
Israel Ogunsumi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Radicle Growth ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Screen house experiments were carried out to examine the effects of aqueous leaf extracts of Tithonia diversifolia (Ti) and Vernonia amygdalina (Ve), as well as NPK fertilizer (15-15-15) on the germination, growth and development of maize. Fresh leaves were collected, washed with tap water, chopped and pounded, soaked in distilled water and filtered. The two filtrates were used to prepare extracts at 50 and 100% w/v. Four maize seeds were placed in Petri dishes laid out in a completely randomized design with five replicates. In every Petri dish 10 ml of extract per treatment was added. A control experiment with distilled water was also set up. Also, in a completely randomized design with four replicates, 4-week-old potted maize plants were treated with 500 ml of each extract as well as with 1.52 g of NPK fertilizer. The results showed that the germination percentage of the seeds followed the order Ti50 - Control - Ve50. The seeds treated with aqueous extracts of T. diversifolia and V. amygdalina at 100% w/v produced lower but equal germination percentage. The seedling radicle growth was significantly inhibited by the aqueous extracts of Ti100, Ve50 and Ve100 (p?0.05). The inhibition was dose-dependent and more pronounced in seeds treated with extracts of V. amygdalina. The aqueous extract of T. diversifolia (50% w/v) and control influenced radicle growth substantially. All the extracts inhibited the plumule development compared to the control. On the other hand, growth, development and yield were not significantly affected by the plant extracts.

scholarly journals Transcript analysis in two alfalfa salt tolerance selected breeding populations relative to a non-tolerant population

Genome ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.Y. Gruber ◽  
J. Xia ◽  
M. Yu ◽  
H. Steppuhn ◽  
K. Wall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Processing ◽  
Protein Modification ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
Transcript Diversity ◽  
Sensitive Population

With the growing limitations on arable land, alfalfa (a widely cultivated, low-input forage) is now being selected to extend cultivation into saline lands for low-cost biofeedstock purposes. Here, minerals and transcriptome profiles were compared between two new salinity-tolerant North American alfalfa breeding populations and a more salinity-sensitive western Canadian alfalfa population grown under hydroponic saline conditions. All three populations accumulated two-fold higher sodium in roots than shoots as a function of increased electrical conductivity. At least 50% of differentially expressed genes (p < 0.05) were down-regulated in the salt-sensitive population growing under high salinity, while expression remained unchanged in the saline-tolerant populations. In particular, most reduction in transcript levels in the salt-sensitive population was observed in genes specifying cell wall structural components, lipids, secondary metabolism, auxin and ethylene hormones, development, transport, signalling, heat shock, proteolysis, pathogenesis-response, abiotic stress, RNA processing, and protein metabolism. Transcript diversity for transcription factors, protein modification, and protein degradation genes was also more strongly affected in salt-tolerant CW064027 than in salt-tolerant Bridgeview and salt-sensitive Rangelander, while both saline-tolerant populations showed more substantial up-regulation in redox-related genes and B-ZIP transcripts. The report highlights the first use of bulked genotypes as replicated samples to compare the transcriptomes of obligate out-cross breeding populations in alfalfa.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document