Seed ageing of four Western Australian species in relation to storage environment and seed antioxidant activity

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.J. Merritt ◽  
T. Senaratna ◽  
D.H. Touchell ◽  
K.W. Dixon ◽  
K. Sivasithamparam
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Seed Ageing ◽  
Western Australian ◽  
Water Contents

AbstractThe influence of the storage environment on seed viability and antioxidant potential was examined for four species native to Western Australia: Acacia bivenosa DC., Anigozanthos manglesii D. Don, Banksia ashbyi E.G. Baker, and Mesomelaena tetragona (R. Br.) Benth. Seeds were stored at four water contents (at c. 5%, 11–15%, 20–23% and 50% relative humidity) at each of five temperatures (–196, –18, 5, 23 and 50°C), and seed germination and seedling vigour monitored over an 18-month period. Deterioration was apparent in all species (except A. bivenosa) stored at 50°C, with 11% RH maximizing longevity for B. ashbyi and M. tetragona seeds, and 5% or 11% RH preventing deterioration for A. manglesii seeds. Seed viability generally remained high for all species stored at 23°C or less. Notably, however, germination and seedling vigour of A. manglesii and M. tetragona seeds gradually declined when stored at –18°C, suggesting that storage at this temperature was detrimental. The antioxidant activity of lipid extracts of seeds after 18 months storage at 5, 23 and 50°C was also examined to determine whether the seed viability decline was associated with a loss of antioxidants. Antioxidant activity varied between storage treatments and was not related to seed viability.

Western Australian Species-Rich Kwongan (Sclerophyllous Shrubland) Affected by Drought

1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 573 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Hnatiuk ◽  
AJM Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Perennial Species ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Vegetative Regeneration ◽  
Average Rainfall ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Western Australian

Observations of responses to aseasonal water stress are reported for 238 above-ground perennial species of native vascular plants in a 20 km2 area of Western Australia surveyed during the second consecutive year of below average rainfall. Eighty-six species (36%) were found with dead individuals. Both vegetative regeneration and seedling regeneration appeared to be successful means of surviving drought stress in this region. The drought affected species of the families Proteaceae and Epacridaceae more than those of other major families. There are similarities in the response of the vegetation to the two main, irregularly occurring phenomena, aseasonal drought and fire: both can affect vegetation over large areas and yet leave considerable patches within the area that are little affected. Together these two factors contribute to the production of complex and dynamic mosaic-patterns in the vegetation.

Factors Limiting the Recruitment of Eucalyptus salmonophloia in Remnant Woodlands .I. Pattern of Flowering, Seed Production and Seed Fall

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 531 ◽  
Author(s):  
CJ Yates ◽  
RJ Hobbs ◽  
RW Bell
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Fragmented Landscape ◽  
Viable Seed ◽  
Seed Fall ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Western Australian ◽  
Remnant Population ◽  
Conservation Of Biodiversity

Woodlands dominated by Eucalyptus salmonophloia F. Muell. occur throughout the fragmented landscape of the Western Australian wheatbelt. In most of these remnant woodlands, there is no regeneration of E. salmonophloia and this has become a concern for the conservation of biodiversity in the region. This study examined seed production, seed viability and pattern of seed fall in four remnant populations of E. salmonophloia in the central wheatbelt of Western Australia, to determine whether these factors are limiting recruitment. Surveys of flowering, seed production and seed fall were conducted over a two-year-period which included three potential flowering seasons. Individual trees flowered once over this period and the intensity of flowering and the proportion of flowers which set seed varied greatly between remnants. Seed from up to two consecutive flowering seasons was stored in the canopy, thus, E. salmonophloia formed substantial canopy seed stores. Seeds were released from this store throughout the year and seed fall showed only a weak winter decline. The viability of seeds released from the canopy store in each remnant population was high. These results indicate that the availability of viable seed is unlikely to be responsible for the lack of E. salmonophloia recruitment in remnant woodlands.

scholarly journals Role of Relative Humidity in Processing and Storage of Seeds and Assessment of Variability in Storage Behaviour inBrassicaspp. andEruca sativa

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Suma ◽  
Kalyani Sreenivasan ◽  
A. K. Singh ◽  
J. Radhamani
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Eruca Sativa ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage

The role of relative humidity (RH) while processing and storing seeds ofBrassicaspp. andEruca sativawas investigated by creating different levels of relative humidity, namely, 75%, 50%, 32%, and 11% using different saturated salt solutions and 1% RH using concentrated sulphuric acid. The variability in seed storage behaviour of different species ofBrassicawas also evaluated. The samples were stored at40±2°Cin sealed containers and various physiological parameters were assessed at different intervals up to three months. The seed viability and seedling vigour parameters were considerably reduced in all accessions at high relative humidity irrespective of the species. Storage at intermediate relative humidities caused minimal decline in viability. All the accessions performed better at relative humidity level of 32% maintaining seed moisture content of 3%. On analyzing the variability in storage behaviour,B. rapaandB. junceawere better performers thanB. napusandEruca sativa.

scholarly journals A newly recognised species of Cryptes Maskell 1892 (Hemiptera: Coccidae) from Western Australia

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4508 (1) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
YEN-PO LIN ◽  
TAKUMASA KONDO ◽  
TAKUMASA KONDO ◽  
PENNY J. GULLAN ◽  
LYN G. COOK
Keyword(s):  
Adult Female ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Nuclear Loci ◽  
Acacia Aneura ◽  
Western Australian

Cryptes utzoni Lin, Kondo & Cook sp. n. (Hemiptera: Coccidae) is described based on adult female morphology and DNA sequences from mitochondrial and nuclear loci. This Australian endemic species was found on the stem of Acacia aneura (Fabaceae) in Western Australia. All phylogenetic analyses of three independent DNA loci show that C. utzoni is closely related to C. baccatus (Maskell), the type and only species of Cryptes Maskell, 1892. The adult female of C. utzoni is described and illustrated and a table is provided of the characters that differ among adult females of the two species of Cryptes now recognised (C. baccatus and C. utzoni) and a morphologically similar Western Australian species, Austrolichtensia hakearum (Fuller). There is deep genetic divergence in COI among samples of C. baccatus, suggesting the possibility of a species complex in this taxon. 

scholarly journals Characteristics of Litchi Seed Germination

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1187-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.S. Prasad ◽  
Raj Kumar ◽  
Mukund Mishra ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
A.K. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Polyethylene Bags ◽  
Better Than

Seed germination of four Litchi chinensis Sonn. cultivars (`Deshi', `Kasba', `Purbi', and `Early Bedana') was studied under various conditions, viz. in soil beds exposed to sunlight or in shade, in sand beds exposed to sunlight or in shade, and on moist filter paper. Among all, shaded, humid sand at 35 ± 2C gave the highest germination. Delaying sowing seeds after removal from the fruit significantly reduced germination. Litchi seeds held in polyethylene bags up to 4 days at 37 ± 2C at 90% relative humidity delayed loss of seed viability. Germination was improved by ethephon in `Deshi' and `Early Bedana', by IBA in `Deshi' and `Purbi', and by 100 mm GA3 in all litchi cultivars. Cultivars responded differently to growth regulators, with `Deshi' responding significantly better than `Purbi', `Kasba', or `Early Bedana'. These studies point to the recalcitrant nature of litchi seeds. Chemical names used: gibberellic acid (GA3); indole butyric acid (IBA); 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethephon).

Flowering in darkness: a new species of subterranean orchid Rhizanthella (Orchidaceae; Orchidoideae; Diurideae) from Western Australia

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 334 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
KINGSLEY W. DIXON ◽  
MAARTEN J. M. CHRISTENHUSZ
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Disjunct Distribution ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Western Australian ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Eastern Seaboard

Few plants are so cryptic as the underground orchids, Rhizanthella Rogers (1928: 1), of Australia. Unlike the species on the eastern seaboard of Australia, the Western Australian species spend their entire life cycle, including flowering, below the soil surface (only rarely with the tips of the bracts showing), making them unique among orchids and indeed, among flowering plants generally (Brown et al. 2013). Discovery in 1928 of the first underground orchid in Western Australia was an international sensation where the plant was described as ‘a remarkable subterranean orchid’ (Wilson 1929). The new taxon described in this paper resolves the enigmatic, disjunct distribution of Rhizanthella in Western Australia, where there was thought to be a central and southern node of a single species, R. gardneri Rogers (1928: 1).

Clarification of the type-locality of Nascio chydaea Olliff (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Nascionini), with further notes on its biology, distribution and relationships

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
MAGNUS PETERSON
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Species Relationships ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
South West ◽  
Colour Photograph ◽  
Western Australian ◽  
Eucalyptus Wandoo

The precise type-locality of the infrequently encountered Western Australian species Nascio chydaea Olliff, 1886 is redefined from 28˚44ʹS, 116˚24ʹE to 34˚11ʹS, 118˚19ʹE, and thus George Masters is identified as the original collector and January–February 1869 as the date of collection of its lectotype and paralectotype. The first larval and adult hostplant records, Eucalyptus wandoo and an unidentified Asteraceae species respectively, as well as three further distributional records from south-west Western Australia, are provided for N. chydaea and discussed. A colour photograph of its dorsal habitus is also provided, as well as a distribution map for this species. Relationships, general zoogeography and biology of all Nascio species are briefly discussed.

Temperature Effects on the Seed-Germination of 10 Kwongan Species From Eneabba, Western-Australia

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Bellairs ◽  
DT Bell
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Perennial Species ◽  
Wetting And Drying ◽  
High And Low Temperatures ◽  
Western Australian

The germination responses of 10 species (Acacia blakelyi, A. pulchella, Allocasuarina humilis, Beaufortia elegans, Conostylis neocymosa, Eucalyptus tetragona, Kennedia prostrata, Leptospermum spinescens, Melaleuca acerosa and Xanthorrhoea drummondii) to constant temperatures ranging from 5 to 35� C were studied. These Western Australian perennial species had optimum germination percentages between 15 and 20�C, except Eucalyptus tetragona which had an optimum at 25�C and Leptospermum spinescens which had an optimum at 10�C. Seeds were transferred from high and low temperatures to 15�C to determine whether high or low temperatures induced dormancy. Low temperatures tended not to affect subsequent germination but high temperature decreased subsequent germination for some species. Wetting and drying stimulated the germination of Acacia blakelyi, A. pulchella and Kennedia prostrata seeds.

Alexgeorgea, a bizarre new genus of Restionaceae from Western Australia

1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 281 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Carlquist
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Fire Resistance ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Sand Surface ◽  
Western Australian ◽  
Female Flowers

The genus Alexgeorgea is described as new to science. Two species were discovered during field work in 1974: A. subterranea, from the Jurien Bay-Badgingarra sandplain, W.A., and A. arenicola, from sand areas short distances north and east of Perth. Alexgeorgea is highly distinctive in bearing single-flowered female inflorescences on sessile horizontal rhizomes c. 10-15 cm below the sand surface. In flower, only the tips of the bracts and the three ephemeral styles appear above the ground, so that female flowers are invisible most of the year and inconspicuous even at anthesis. Fruits are exceptionally large for Restionaceae, indehiscent, one-seeded and borne sessile on underground rhizomes. Difficulty in dispersal of these fruits would explain the existence of presumptive all-female colonies of A. arenicola which may have originated from single-fruit introductions to sites at the periphery of the range of that species. Increase in the size of colonies is mostly vegetative, by branching of the elongate subterranean rhizomes. It is suggested that the underground flowering and fruiting habit is related to fire resistance. Alexgeorgea appears most closely related to Western Australian species of Restio on account of striking vegetative similarities. The two species of Alexgeorgea are illustrated by habit photographs and macrophotographs of living plants taken during the field work.

scholarly journals Taxonomic revision of Paraustrosimulium Wygodzinsky & Coscarón: reassignment of Austrosimulium colboi and description of P. obcidens n. sp. from Western Australia

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4337 (4) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
DOUGLAS A. CRAIG ◽  
JOHN K. MOULTON ◽  
DOUGLAS C. CURRIE
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Historical Biogeography ◽  
Generic Diagnosis ◽  
South American ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Western Australian

The hitherto monotypic South American genus Paraustrosimulium Wygodzinsky & Coscarón is revised to accommodate two Australian species: Austrosimulium colboi Davies & Györkös and Paraustrosimulium obcidens n. sp. The generic diagnosis is updated and the eastern Australian species Paraustrosimulium colboi (Davies & Györkös) n. stat. is re-described, including the male for the first time. The Western, Australian sister species of P. colbo, namely P. obcidens Craig, Moulton Currie n. sp. is also fully described. The relationship of Paraustrosimulium to other simuliid genera is discussed, as are aspects of historical biogeography. 

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