Hypoderma hederae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Hedera Helix ◽  
Bare Rock ◽  
Leaf Petiole ◽  
Fallen Leaves ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
North Western

Abstract A description is provided for Hypoderma hederae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Most commonly encountered fruiting on dead fallen petioles and paler portions of dead fallen leaves usually trapped above the ground among Hedera stems, particularly where the plant grows luxuriantly on old drystone walls away from heavy traffic; also occasionally found on dead attached leaves where Hedera grows over bare rock, for example on limestone pavements or rocky limestone or chalk soils, where it sometimes looks like it is causing a serious disease of the plant; probably always fruiting within 12 months of leaf death. HOSTS: Hedera helix (leaf, petiole), Hedera sp. (leaf, petiole). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Algeria, Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Spain, Sweden, UK (England, Scotland, Wales), Ukraine (Crimea). Unsuccessful searches in Ukraine (Kiev Oblast, Zakarpatska Oblast). Altitude records exist up to 1800m (Greece), 1580m (Spain), 600m (Ukraine) and 370m (UK). Most records of Hypoderma hederae are from north-western Europe, with additional records often from higher altitudes in Mediterranean areas, including north Africa. TRANSMISSION: By air-borne ascospores in humid conditions. In the temperate northern hemisphere, ascocarps probably mostly open in late summer and early autumn.

Coccomyces tumidus. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Leaf Fall ◽  
Quercus Faginea ◽  
Fallen Leaves ◽  
Natural Leaf ◽  
Southern Ukraine

Abstract A description is provided for Coccomyces tumidus. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Coccomyces tumidus is found on dead fallen leaves which are often beneath the surface of the leaf litter, and which often adhere to other adjacent leaves (making it, incidentally, rather infrequently recorded, although it seems to be not rare). Sometimes one or perhaps more other fungi are also present in the same pale areas. HOSTS: Leaves of Acer sp., Betula sp., Castanea sativa, Castanea sp., Fagus sylvatica, Fagus sp., Gaultheria shallon, Populus tremula, P. tremuloides, Populus sp., Quercus faginea, Q. garryana, Q. pedunculata, Q. rubra, Q. sessiliflora, Quercus sp., Rubus setosus, Rubus sp. (stem). Most records are on members of the Fagaceae. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Belgium, Canada (Nova Scotia, Ontario), Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Morocco, Poland, Rumania, Sweden, UK (England, Wales), USA (Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Oregon, Virginia, Washington). Several unsuccessful searches for this fungus in southern Ukraine. TRANSMISSION: By air-borne ascospores in humid conditions. In the temperate northern hemisphere, most records of open ascocarps containing ascospores are from late summer and early autumn, suggesting that the fungus only infects senescent leaves just prior to natural leaf fall.

Nothorhytisma nahuelitae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Nothofagus Pumilio ◽  
Conidial State ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Fallen Leaves ◽  
Southern Beech

Abstract A description is provided for Nothorhytisma nahuelitae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Tarspot disease of southern beech. The symptoms and life cycle seem remarkably similar to those of Rhytisma acerinum. No serious damage seems to be done to infected trees. Like many South American members of the genus, Nothofagus pumilio is a deciduous tree. Unless the fungus is systemic, therefore, it seems likely that its life-cycle begins with the colonization of young leaves by air-dispersed ascospores in spring. Nothing is known of the appearance of young colonies, but stromata form during the summer and are followed by the conidial state in late summer. Ascomata form during winter on the dead fallen leaves, ripening during spring. The speed of development, and the stages during ripening are not known, but it is possible that the variability observed in the anatomy of ascomata before ascus production - the presence or absence of the extra layer above the lower wall - may represent two different points in the ripening process. HOSTS: Nothofagus pumilio (dead fallen leaf, living leaf). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina, Chile. TRANSMISSION: Presumably by air-borne ascospores released in humid conditions. The internal anatomy of the ascoma, and particularly the presence of mucus around the paraphyses, and the complex tissues at the periphery of the hymenium indicate that ascomata are likely to be able to shut again after the initial opening if conditions become dry, with the dark covering layer providing protection from uv light and desiccation. The widely-exposed hymenium suggests that ascospores are released by violent discharge, and are air-dispersed, probably in wet weather, following an increase in pressure within the ascoma generally and the ascus in particular, as a result of water uptake by the mucus around the paraphyses. Being colourless, thin-walled and without an obvious mucous sheath, the ascospores probably have little protection from UV light and desiccation after leaving the ascus (SHERWOOD 1981), and so are probably short-lived. Conidia may be water-dispersed.

Lophodermium foliicola. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Living Plant ◽  
Sorbus Torminalis ◽  
Rubus Fruticosus ◽  
Early Autumn ◽  
Kursk Oblast ◽  
Fallen Leaves ◽  
Pyrus Amygdaliformis

Abstract A description is provided for Lophodermium foliicola. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Fruits on dead fallen leaves under Crataegus where they can accumulate over winter; low bushes surrounded by Urtica and Rubus fruticosus agg. are among the most likely places to find it; probably less local than records suggest, as the conditions in which it is found deter less dedicated observers. It seems likely that, like many other members of the Rhytismataceae, the fungus colonizes the living plant, then fruits on those leaves after they have died. HOSTS: Leaves of Acer orientalis, Cotoneaster integerrimus, C. vulgaris, Cotoneaster sp., Crataegus coccinea, C. crus-galli, C. monogyna, C. oxyacanthoides, Crataegus sp., Pyrus amygdaliformis, P. communis, Pyrus sp., Rosaceae gen. indet., Sorbus torminalis. Records on genera other than Crataegus, particularly those not in the Rosaceae. need re-evaluation. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, former Czechoslovakia, Eire, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Russia (Kursk Oblast), Spain, Sweden, UK (England, Scotland, Wales), Ukraine. Altitude records exist up to 1580m (Spain) and 1050m (Greece). Widespread but local throughout Europe and just into Asia on dead fallen leaves of various members of the Rosaceae, but particularly Crataegus. TRANSMISSION: By air-borne ascospores in humid conditions. In the temperate northern hemisphere, ascocarps probably mostly open in late summer and early autumn.

Elucidating the Consequences of a Warming Climate for Common Bat Species in North-Western Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 359
Author(s):  
Niamh Roche ◽  
Steve Langton ◽  
Tina Aughney ◽  
Deirdre Lynn ◽  
Ferdia Marnell
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Warming Climate ◽  
North Western

scholarly journals Against management: Auto-critique

Organization ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 135050842110209
Author(s):  
Martin Parker
Keyword(s):  
Business School ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Business Schools ◽  
The Uk ◽  
North Western ◽  
Made In ◽  
Highly Cited

In this review I consider the 20 years that have passed since the publication of my book Against Management. I begin by locating it in the context of the expanding business schools of the UK in the 1990s, and the growth of CMS in north western Europe. After positioning the book within its time, and noting that the book is now simultaneously highly cited and irrelevant, I then explore the arguments I made in the final chapter. If the book is of interest for the next two decades, it because it gestures towards the importance of alternative forms of organization, which I continue to maintain are not reducible to ‘management’. Given the intensifying crises of climate, ecology, inequality and democracy, developing alternatives must be understood as the historical task of CMS within the business school and I propose a ten-point manifesto in support of that commitment.

scholarly journals Striking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lambert ◽  
A. Penaud ◽  
M. Vidal ◽  
C. Gandini ◽  
L. Labeyrie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Sedimentary Environment ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
Freshwater Microalgae ◽  
Environmental Signals ◽  
The North ◽  
North Western

AbstractThe Holocene period (last 11,700 years BP) has been marked by significant climate variability over decadal to millennial timescales. The underlying mechanisms are still being debated, despite ocean–atmosphere–land connections put forward in many paleo-studies. Among the main drivers, involving a cluster of spectral signatures and shaping the climate of north-western Europe, are solar activity, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) varying atmospheric regimes and North Atlantic oceanic gyre dynamics. Over the last 2500 years BP, paleo-environmental signals have been strongly affected by anthropogenic activities through deforestation and land use for crops, grazing, habitations, or access to resources. Palynological proxies (especially pollen grains and marine or freshwater microalgae) help to highlight such anthropogenic imprints over natural variability. Palynological analyses conducted in a macro-estuarine sedimentary environment of north-western France over the last 2500 years BP reveal a huge and atypical 300 year-long arboreal increase between 1700 and 1400 years BP (around 250 and 550 years AD) that we refer to as the ‘1.7–1.4 ka Arboreal Pollen rise event’ or ‘1.7–1.4 ka AP event’. Interestingly, the climatic 1700–1200 years BP interval coincides with evidence for the withdrawal of coastal societies in Brittany (NW France), in an unfavourable socio-economic context. We suggest that subpolar North Atlantic gyre strengthening and related increasing recurrence of storminess extremes may have affected long-term coastal anthropogenic trajectories resulting in a local collapse of coastal agrarian societies, partly forced by climatic degradation at the end of the Roman Period.

Palaeogene warping in the Isle of Wight

1971 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 399-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Daley ◽  
N. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Isle Of Wight ◽  
Southern England ◽  
Lower Oligocene ◽  
North Western

SummaryGentle folding or warping, of Lower Oligocene age, pre-dating the main post-Hamstead Beds folding, is indicated where the Bembridge Marls rest unconformably on eroded Bembridge Limestone. The folding appears to have been along generally NW–SE trending axes. This trend is compatible with penecontemporaneous and even earlier folding in Southern England and adjacent parts of north-western Europe. In Southern England, the main folding may have been earlier than the Miocene age generally accepted.

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