Sarocladium oryzae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. K. Brady
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Fungal Attack ◽  
Rice Disease ◽  
Sheath Rot

Abstract A description is provided for Sarocladium oryzae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOST: Oryza sativa (rice). DISEASE: Sheath rot. This occurs in the upper leaf sheath enclosing young panicles and starts as oblong or irregular lesions with brownish margins and greyish centres, 0.5-1.5 cm long, which later enlarge and coalesce. Whitish mycelium may be seen in the centre of the lesions and occasionally inside the rotted sheaths. Severely affected panicles do not emerge, the effect being known as choking. The symptoms are evidently indistinguishable from those associated with S. attenuatum. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: India, Bangladesh, Brunei, Kenya, Nigeria. Although it is not always possible when 'Acrocydndrium oryzae' is reported in the earlier literature to know whether S. oryzae or S. attenuatum is intended, the distribution of the former extends into S.E. Asia and the latter into N. America. TRANSMISSION: By conidial dispersal. Fungal attack is often associated with damage by pests - the boring beetle, Corticarina gibbosa (Amin et al.) or the mite Steneotarsonemus madecassus (Hsieh et al., 1977 with 'Acrocylindrium oryzae') and S. spinki (Chien & Huang, 1979).

Sarocladium attenuatum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. K. Brady
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Similar Role ◽  
Rice Pests ◽  
Rice Disease ◽  
Brown Plant Hopper ◽  
Sheath Rot

Abstract A description is provided for Sarocladium attenuatum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOST: Oryza sativa (rice). DISEASE: Sheath rot. The symptoms are similar to those of sheath rot associated with S. oryzae. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: India, Sri Lanka, Nigeria, Gambia, Mexico, USA. The distributions of S. attenuatum and S. oryzae overlap and many records of S. attenuatum must have been included in that of 'Acrocylindrium oryzae' before a distinction between the two species had been drawn, but S. attenuatum alone has been recorded for America and S. oryzae only in S.E. Asia. TRANSMISSION: Sarcocladium attenuatum has been isolated from Nilaparvata lugers, the brown plant hopper of rice (CMI records), which might suggest a similar role to that suggested for other rice pests and S. oryzae. Seedborne (56, 5628).

Leptosphaeria salvinii. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1972 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Late Infection ◽  
Water Line ◽  
Partial Sterility ◽  
Summer Temperatures ◽  
Growing Conditions

Abstract A description is provided for Leptosphaeria salvinii[Magnaporthe salvinii]. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Oryza sativa. DISEASE: Stem rot of rice (Oryza sativa). Symptoms are usually first seen at the later growth stages. Necrotic lesions begin on the outer leaf sheath near the water line; these spread gradually to the inner sheaths and the stem base. At about maturity lodging may occur and sclerotia will be found within the tissues. Partial sterility is caused and grain becomes light and chalky. Late infection can lead to small tillers but whether the pathogen caused excessive tillering, as earlier reports stated, is in doubt. Sclerotia form conidia when floating free or detached on moist substrata. Symptoms seem to vary with the growing conditions. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread with host (CMI Map 448, ed. 1, 1968). Additional records not mapped are: Costa Rica, Indonesia, Laos, Panama, Peru. TRANSMISSION: Probably largely through the sclerotia; the role of the conidium and ascospore has been little studied. Viability of the sclerotium is variable, depending on temperature and substratum conditions (11: 599; 47, 182), and a period of 6 yr has been reported (20: 381). Both sclerotia and perithecia survive high summer temperatures (46, 1574).

Rice grassy stunt tenuivirus. [Distribution map].

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Rice grassy stunt tenuivirus Viruses: Tenuivirus. Hosts: Rice (Oryza sativa). Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, Bangladesh, Brunei, Darussalam, China, India, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Indonesia, Java, Nusa, Tenggara, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Japan, Kyushu, Korea Republic, Malaysia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, OCEANIA, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands.

Phomopsis oryzae-sativae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Punithalingam
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Collar Rot ◽  
Oryza Saliva ◽  
Water Splash

Abstract A description is provided for Phomopsis oryzae-sativae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOST: Oryza saliva. DISEASE: Collar rot of rice, appearing at the end of tillering stage. Visible symptoms are small dark brown lesions at the base of the auricle of the topmost fully expanded leaf. These lesions enlarge to cover the whole auricle and in the advanced stage lesions extend to the adjacent parts of the leaf sheath and leaf blade. Within 14 days the blade joint at the top of leaf sheath turns dark brown and then rots, causing the leaf blade to drop off (Kanjanasoon, 1962). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia (Thailand). TRANSMISSION: No studies reported. Conidia presumably dispersed by water splash.

Heterodera oryzicola. [Distribution map].

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Musa Spp ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Heterodera oryzicola Rao & Jayaprakash Nematoda: Heteroderidae Hosts: Mainly rice (Oryza sativa), also banana and plantain (Musa spp.). Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, India, Goa, Haryana, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal.

Heterodera sacchari. [Distribution map].

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Heterodera sacchari Luc & Merny Nematoda: Tylenchida: Heteroderidae Hosts: Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) and rice (Oryza sativa). Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, India, Delhi, Pakistan, Thailand, AFRICA, Benin, Burkina Faso, Chad, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Liberia, Nigeria, Senegal.

Rice tungro virus. [Distribution map].

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Virus Distribution ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Rice tungro virus Rivera & Ou. Hosts: Rice (Oryza sativa), Oryza spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, Bangladesh, India (Andhra Pradesh), Mysore (Uttar Pradesh, Bihar), (Kerala), (West Bengal), Indonesia (W. Java, S. Sumatra), (Kalimantan), Peninsular Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand.

Xiphinema ifacolum. [Distribution map].

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
South America ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Xiphinema ifacolum Luc. Nematoda. Hosts: Polyphagous. Major host is rice (Oryza sativa). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (Sri Lanka), Africa (Benin, Cameroon, Cote d'Ivoire, Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Togo), South America (Brazil, Bahia, Para).

Sarocladium oryzae. [Distribution map].

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Sarocladium oryzae (Sawada) W. Gams and D. Hawksw. Hosts: Oryza sativa, Bambusa spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Burundi, Gambia, Kenya, Madagascar, Nigeria, ASIA, Bangladesh, Brunei, China, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Sichuan, India, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, NORTH AMERICA, USA, LA Mexico, SOUTH AMERICA, Brazil.

Khuskia oryzae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1971 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sivanesan
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Diurnal Periodicity ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Stalk Rot ◽  
Rare Phenomenon ◽  
The Tropics

Abstract A description is provided for Khuskia oryzae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Plurivorous, especially on monocotyledons and particularly on Oryza sativa, Saccharum officinarum, Zea mays and Musa spp. DISEASE: Causes cob and stalk rot of maize (11: 711; 12: 20; 13: 299, 571; 43, 3205; 44, 2123) and on sorghum as stem and grain infection (43, 727); it is common on banana debris in the western hemisphere and can cause discolouration in rice irain. On maize, symptoms develop towards maturity mostly on the shanks, husks and ears but also on the stems and stalks, where blackish, shallow lesions can occur. Ears may snap off at harvest; the cob becomes shredded and rotten through disintegration of the parenchyma, sparse mycelium and sporulation develop in the furrows between kernels and on the seed itself. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread, principally as a member of the saprophytic flora on plant debris in warmer areas. TRANSMISSION: Infection of seed reduces its quality rather than causing the fungus to be really seed-borne. A diurnal periodicity has been reported for Nigrospora sphaerica and K. oryzae, with a peak at 0800-1000 hr, in the tropics (35: 383; 41: 242). Violent spore discharge, a rare phenomenon in the hyphomycetes, has been described for N. sphaerica (31: 56).

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