Culicinomyces clavisporus. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

Author(s):  
A. H. S. Onions

Abstract A description is provided for Culicinomyces clavisporus. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Anopheles quadrimaculatus, the common malarial mosquito; A. amictus; and also attacks chironomids and other mosquitoes. DISEASE: Reported as attacking mosquito larvae (Sweeney et al., 1973; Couch, 1974). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Recorded from North Carolina, USA (Couch, 1974) and Sydney, Australia (Sweeney, 1973).

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 336
Author(s):  
Guo-Min Yang ◽  
Rou-Min Wang ◽  
Nan Xia ◽  
Zi-Wei Zheng ◽  
Yi Dong ◽  
...  

Wilson’s disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by ATP7B pathogenic variants. This study aimed to show the geographical distribution and haplotype spectrum of three prevalent pathogenic variants (p.R778L, p.P992L, p.T935M) in mainland Chinese population and clarify whether the founder effect may account for their origins. We firstly summarized the frequency and geographical distribution of p.R778L, p.P992L and p.T935M in 715 WD patients. Then, to construct haplotypes associated with the three variants, Sanger sequencing and microsatellite typing at three dinucleotide-repeat markers (D13S314, D13S301, D13S316) flanking the ATP7B gene were performed in 102 WD families. An obvious regional-specific distribution feature was found in p.T935M. Linkage disequilibrium at the three markers was shown in all the three variants and we found the common haplotypes specific for p.R778L, p.P992L and p.T935M respectively, represented successively by 10-7-7, 10-9-5 and 12-4-8, which all exhibited great significance vs. the control chromosomes (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, haplotypes for the three variants differed from the studies in other regions to some extent. The common haplotypes we found indicate that three prevalent pathogenic variants emerge due to the founder effect. Furthermore, the study contributes to expand our knowledge of the genetic diversity of WD from a cross-regional perspective.


1952 ◽  
Vol 98 (413) ◽  
pp. 515-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Yap

Few mental diseases have attracted the attention of medical men working in outlandish parts of the world more than Latah. This is due, not only to its intrinsic interest, showing as it regularly does the unusual symptoms of echolalia, echopraxia, and automatic obedience, but also to its remarkable geographical distribution. This illness was described by travellers to the Malay Archipelago in the latter part of the nineteenth century, but very similar reactions were later found to exist in other lands, known to the native peoples by other names. The term “Latah,” however, is the best known, and as the common features between these various reactions became apparent, it has been used as an inclusive name for them all. It is to-day employed with much the same connotation in the French, Dutch, Italian, and English literature, but the discussion of its nature betrays inadequate understanding, attempts at its nosological classification remain unsatisfactory, and speculations as to its aetology continue to be somewhat fanciful.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff. Coleoptera: Curculionidae. Hosts: members of the Lauraceae including redbay (Persea borbonica) and avocado (P americana). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (Bangladesh, China, Fujian, Hunan, Sichuan, India, Assam, West Bengal, Japan, Kyushu, Myanmar and Taiwan) and North America (USA, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina and South Carolina).


Author(s):  
D. W. Minter

Abstract A description is provided for Pseudohelotium pineti found on dead and whitened needles of Pinus sylvestris. Some information on its morphology, habitats, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Canada (Manitoba, Sasktachewan), USA (Maryland, New Hampshire, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Virginia), India (Jammu and Kashmir), Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia (Komi Republic, Leningrad Oblast, Pskov Oblast, Republic of Karelia), Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine and UK) and hosts (Pinus spp.).


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann Coleoptera: Scolytidae Attacks Pinus spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, Israel, NORTH AMERICA, Mexico, USA, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia, CENTRAL AMERICA & CARIBBEAN, Belize, E! Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Homalodisca coagulata (Say) Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae Hosts: Polyphagous. Information is given on the geographical distribution in NORTH AMERICA, Mexico, USA, Alabama, Arkansas, California, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas, OCEANIA, French Polynesia.


Author(s):  
P. F. Cannon

Abstract A description is provided for Hypocreopsis rhododendri, which is considered to be a superficial parasite of Hymenochaetopsis corrugata (as Hymenochaete corrugata and Pseudochaete corrugata), itself a broad-spectrum wood-rotting species most typically found associated with Corylus avellana (hence 'hazel gloves', the vernacular English name of Hypocreopsis rhododendri). Some information on its habitat, dispersal and transmission, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (USA (Maine, Maryland, North Carolina, Tennessee, West Virginia)), Europe (France, Ireland, Russia (Moscow Oblast), Spain, UK)).


Author(s):  
P. F. Cannon

Abstract A description is provided for Amarenomyces ammophilae, usually found on attached dead leaves and stems of grasses typical of coastal sand ecosystems. Nothing is known about when it colonizes the substratum, but it is saprobic by the time conidiomata and ascomata are produced. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitats, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Morocco), North America (USA (Massachusetts, New York, North Carolina)), Antarctica (Macquarie Island), Australasia (New Zealand), Europe (Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Ukraine, UK)).


Author(s):  
D. W. Minter

Abstract A description is provided for Lophodermium ravenelii. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Nothing is yet known about the ecology of this species, except that zone lines, conidiomata and ascomata occur on secondary needles of native pines. The species is included here to aid identification of, and for comparison with, other members of this genus also on pines (Lophodermium australe, IMI Descriptions No. 563; L. baculiferum, IMI Descriptions No. 795; L. canberrianum, IMI Descriptions No. 564; L. conigenum, IMI Descriptions No. 565, L. durilabrum, IMI Descriptions No. 796; L. himalayense, IMI Descriptions No. 1149; L. indianum, IMI Descriptions No. 787; L. kumaunicum, IMI Descriptions No. 786; L. nitens, IMI Descriptions No. 566; L. orientale, IMI Descriptions No. 788; L. pinastri, IMI Descriptions No. 567, L. pini-excelsae, IMI Descriptions No. 785 and L. seditiosum, IMI Descriptions No. 568), some of which are known to be pathogenic. Most probably this is another fungus which begins as an endobiont, later perhaps (and under specific conditions) causing early senescence of the needle, then fruiting on that needle after its death. HOSTS: Pinus taeda, Pinus sp. (leaves). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: NORTH AMERICA: USA (North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas). TRANSMISSION: Not known. Presumably by air-borne ascospores released in humid conditions.


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