Calonectria kyotensis. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Peerally
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Short Life ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Complete Control ◽  
Acacia Dealbata ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Dianthus Barbatus ◽  
Peach Trees

Abstract A description is provided for Calonectria kyotensis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Acacia dealbata, Camellia sinensis, Dianthus barbatus, Pinus sp., Prunus persica, Rhododendron (Azalea) and Syringa vulgaris. DISEASE: Causes a root rot of peach trees and in inoculation tests was found to cause wilting, root rot and death of peach seedlings (46, 2468). Severe losses to cuttings and liners of azaleas, lilac and Sweet William reported (47, 3461). Associated with Cylindrocladium scoparium with 'short life' of peach trees (51, 1648), C. floridanum being usually more virulent. Causes death of single-node tea cuttings in Mauritius (52, 1249) and associated with decline of tea bushes (Peerally, 1972). Soil drenches with benomyl give complete control of the pathogen (47, 3461). Soil drenches with benomyl and dithane M-45, and manuring with artificial fertilizers followed by earthing up, have given satisfactory control of root rot of tea bushes in Mauritius. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: England, Germany, Japan, Mauritius and USA. TRANSMISSION: The pathogen is soil-inhabiting, rarely attacking aerial parts of plants.

scholarly journals Relative Susceptibility of Peach and Plum Germplasm to Armillaria Root Rot

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1062-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.G. Beckman ◽  
W.R. Okie ◽  
A.P. Nyczepir ◽  
P.L. Pusey ◽  
C.C. Reilly
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Peach Tree ◽  
Short Life ◽  
Native North American ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Armillaria Root Rot ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Site

Nearly 5000 seedling trees representing more than 100 peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.] and plum (Prunus spp.) lines were planted at a 4 × 0.6-m spacing in Jan. 1983, on a site with a known history of peach tree short life (PTSL) and Armillaria root rot (ARR). Trees were arranged in a randomized complete-block with eight replicates of six trees each. Beginning in Spring 1984 and each year thereafter the cause of tree death was determined. At the end of 9 years, 50% of the trees had succumbed to PTSL and 35% had been killed by ARR apparently caused by Armillaria tabescens. Analysis of the data for trees killed by ARR showed a wide range in mortality, some peach lines appeared significantly more tolerant to ARR than others. Plum lines derived from native North American species also appeared to be a potential source of improved tolerance. We did not establish whether ARR tolerance is affected by PTSL.

Cylindrocladium camelliae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Peerally
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
South India ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Acacia Dealbata ◽  
Collar Region ◽  
A Minor

Abstract A description is provided for Cylindrocladium camelliae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Acacia dealbata, Camellia sinensis. DISEASE: A minor root rot of tea in South India. Affected plants unthrifty with few feeding roots. Raised patches occur on the bark of the tap and lateral roots and may extend to the collar region. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: India, Japan.

Pythium dissotocum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Parthenium Argentatum ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Spinacea Oleracea ◽  
Pythium Dissotocum ◽  
Pilea Pumila

Abstract A description is provided for Pythium dissotocum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASES: Root-rot, seedling damping-off; necrotrophic or parasitic on fishes. HOSTS: Daucus carota (Apiaceae); Lactuca sativa, Parthenium argentatum (Asteraceae); Beta vulgaris, Spinacea oleracea (Chenopodiaceae); Cucumis sativus (Cucurbitaceae); Kummerowia stipulacea, Lupinus digitatus, L. polyphyllus, Medicago sativa, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, Vicia faba (Fabaceae); Pelargonium cv. (Geraniaceae); Hydrilla verticillata (Hydrocharitaceae); Iris sp. (Iridaceae); Garya illinoensis (Juglandaceae); Hyacinthus cv., Tulipa cv. (Liliaceae s.l.); Papaver somniferum (Papaveraceae); Oryza sativa, Saccharum officinarum, Triticum aestivum (Poaceae); Fragaria × ananassa, F. vesca, Prunus persica (Rosaceae); Citrus nobilis (Rutaceae); Capsicum annuum, Lycopersicon esculentum (Solanaceae); Pilea pumila (Urticaceae). Neogobius fluviatilis, Neogobius gymnotrachelus, Perccottus glenii, Pseudorasbora parva (Pisces). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: South Africa. NORTH AMERICA: Canada, USA (Arizona, Colorado, Louisiana, Missouri, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin). ASIA: China, India, Indonesia (Sabah), Japan, Korea, Lebanon, Russia. AUSTRALASIA: Australia (Queensland). EUROPE: Great Britain, Iceland, Netherlands. TRANSMISSION: Contaminated soil, organic matter (oospores) and water (sporangia).

Herbicide Effects on Weed Control and Shoot Growth of Young Apple (Malus sylvestris) and Peach (Prunus persica) Trees

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 840-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chester L. Foy ◽  
Susan B. Harrison ◽  
Harold L. Witt
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
One Year ◽  
Broadleaf Species ◽  
Old Trees ◽  
Peach Trees

Field experiments were conducted at two locations in Virginia to evaluate the following herbicides: alachlor, diphenamid, diuron, metolachlor, napropamide, norflurazon, oryzalin, oxyfluorfen, paraquat, pendimethalin, and simazine. One experiment involved newly-transplanted apple trees; the others, three in apple and one in peach trees, involved one-year-old trees. Treatments were applied in the spring (mid-April to early-May). Control of annual weed species was excellent with several treatments. A broader spectrum of weeds was controlled in several instances when the preemergence herbicides were used in combinations. Perennial species, particularly broadleaf species and johnsongrass, were released when annual species were suppressed by the herbicides. A rye cover crop in nontreated plots suppressed the growth of weeds. New shoot growth of newly-transplanted apple trees was increased with 3 of 20 herbicide treatments and scion circumference was increased with 11 of 20 herbicide treatments compared to the nontreated control. Growth of one-year-old apple trees was not affected. Scion circumference of one-year-old peach trees was increased with 25 of 33 herbicide treatments.

Early performance of micropropagated trees of several Malus and Prunus cultivars on their own roots

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 847-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Quamme ◽  
R. T. Brownlee
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Flesh Firmness ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Early Performance ◽  
Peach Trees

Early performance (6–8 yr) of Macspur McIntosh, Golden Delicious, and Spartan apple (Malus domestica Borkh.); Fairhaven peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.]; Montmorency sour cherry (P. cerasus L.); and Lambert sweet cherry (P. avium L.) trees, tissue cultured (TC) on their own roots, was compared with that of the same cultivars budded on commercially used rootstocks. TC trees of all apple cultivars were similar in size to trees budded on Antonovka seedling or M.4 and exceeded the size of trees budded on M.26. They were delayed in flowering and in cropping compared with trees budded on M.26 and M.4. No difference in titratable acidity, soluble solids, flesh firmness, weight, flavor, and color between fruit from TC trees and from trees on M.4 and Antonovka seedlings was detected in 1 yr of measurement. However, fruit from TC Golden Delicious was more russeted and fruit from TC Spartan had more soluble solids. The difference in fruit appearance between TC and budded trees may result from a root-stock effect or a difference in budwood source, because Spartan fruit from trees on M.4 was more russeted than Spartan fruit from TC trees, but was not different from Spartan fruit from trees on Antonovka seedling. Trees of Macspur McIntosh on TC M.26 and on stool-layered M.26 were similar in size and yield efficiency. TC Fairhaven was larger in size than Fairhaven on Siberian C seedling, but was less yield efficient. No difference in fruit size, flesh firmness, or color was detected between fruit harvested from peach trees on the different roots. Montmorency and Lambert TC and on F12/1 were similar in tree size, respectively, but Montmorency and Lambert TC were more yield efficient than on F12/1. Fruit of TC Lambert was lighter in color and had higher titratable acidity than that of Lambert on F12/1, perhaps a result of earlier fruit maturity. Key words: Apple, peach, sweet cherry, sour cherry, self-rooted, rootstocks

Podosphaera leucotricha. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1967 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Podosphaera Leucotricha

Abstract A description is provided for Podosphaera leucotricha. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Malus spp., chiefly on M. pumila (apple), peach (Prunus persica), quince (Cydonia ualgaris) and Photinia spp. also attacked (Hirata, 1966). Also reported on almond fruit (43, 2544). DISEASE: Powdery mildew of apple. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (? Kenya, Rhodaia, South Africa, Tanzania); Asia (China, India, Israel, Japan, U.S.S.R.); Australia and New Zealand, Europe (widely distributed) North America (Canada and U.S.A.); South America (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Peru). (CMI map 118). TRANSMISSION: Overwinters on host as dormant mycdium in blossom buds. The role of deistothecia in overwintering is doubtful. Spread by wind-borne conidia (Anderson, 1956).

Pythium intermedium. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Waterhouse
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Foot Rot ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract A description is provided for Pythium intermedium. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On a wide range of hosts represented by the following families: Begoniaceae, Bromeliaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Coniferae, Cruciferae, Euphorbiaceae, Geraniaceae, Gramineae, Leguminosae, Liliaceae, Linaceae, Moraceae, Onagraceae, Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae, Solanaceae, Ulmaceae, Violaceae; also in the Equisetales and Filicales. DISEASES: Damping-off of seedlings, foot rot and root rot of ornamentals, occasionally of crop plants and trees. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia (China); Australia & Oceania (Hawaii); Europe (England, Belgium, France, Germany, Holland, Sweden, U.S.S.R.); North America (U.S.A.); South America (Argentina). TRANSMISSION: A common soil inhabitant.

scholarly journals Nematode Populations and Peach Tree Survival, Growth, and Nutrition at an Old Orchard Site

1992 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean R. Evert ◽  
Paul F. Bertrand ◽  
`Benjamin G. Mullinix
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Severe Stunting ◽  
Growth And Nutrition ◽  
Tree Survival ◽  
Peach Trees ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Survival Tree

Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge cv. Paraguayan-22) growing under newly planted peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.] trees severely stunted the trees. Neither supplemental fertilizer nor irrigating with two 3.8-liters·hour-1 emitters per tree eliminated tree stunting emitters were controlled by an automatic tensiometer set to maintain 3 kpa at a depth of 0.5 m under a tree in bahiagrass. Preplant fumigation with ethylene dibromide at 100 liters·ha-1 increased tree growth, but not tree survival. Fenamiphos, a nematicide, applied under the trees each spring and fall at a rate of 11 kg-ha -1 had no positive effect on tree survival, tree growth, or nematode populations. Bahiagrass tended to suppress populations of Meloidogyne spp. under the trees., Meloidogyne spp. were the only nematodes present that had mean populations > 65 per 150 cm3 of soil. Leaf concentrations of several elements differed between trees growing in bahiagrass sod and in. bare ground treated with herbicides. Leaf Ca was low for all treatments in spite of a soil pH near 6.5 and adequate soil Ca. The severe stunting of trees grown in bahiagrass, irrespective of the other treatments, demonstrated that bahiagrass should not be grown under newly planted trees. The low populations of parasitic nematodes in bahiagrass showed that bahiagrass has potential as a preplant biological control of nematodes harmful to peach trees. Chemical name used: ethyl 3-methy1-4-(methylthio) phenyl (1-methylethyl) phosphoramidate (fenamiphos).

Formation of the primary protective layer and phellogen after leaf abscission in peach

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 1547-1550 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Biggs ◽  
J. Northover
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Separation Zone ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
Leaf Abscission ◽  
Subsequent Generation ◽  
Layer Formation ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Peach Trees

Potted peach trees (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. Loring) were mechanically defoliated and the influence of temperature on formation of the primary protective layer and phellogen generation in the leaf abscission region was examined histologically. Plants maintained at 7.5, 12.5, and 17.5 °C showed first indications of primary protective layer formation at 18, 9, and 6 days, respectively. Subsequent generation of phellogen and the appearance of the first phellem cell were observed at 30, 18, and 12 days, respectively. The primary protective layer formed approximately 700 μm proximal to the separation zone and was composed of cells with lignified walls and thin suberin linings.

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