Approaches to improve heterogeneous gene expression in transgenic plants

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Tao ◽  
Zhang Shang-long ◽  
Liu Jing-mei ◽  
Chen De-ming
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Transgenic Plant ◽  
Transgene Expression ◽  
Dna Modification ◽  
Plant Genetic Engineering ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Transformation Methods

AbstractWith the development of plant genetic engineering, many transformation methods can be used to transfer heterogeneous genes into plants to develop genetic crops. However, a lot of research results have shown that transgene expression remains largely unpredictable and there is great variation of expression level in different transgenic plant lines. Plant genetic engineering research is reviewed in the present paper. We analysed the reasons why low efficiency of heterogeneous gene expression has happened in transgenic plants in terms of DNA modification, localization of proteins and methods of transformation used. Some strategies for improving heterogeneous gene expression in transgenic plants are also discussed.

scholarly journals A mini review: RuBisCo small subunit as a strong, green tissue-specific promoter

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allah Bakhsh ◽  
Rao Qayyum ◽  
Zeeshan Shamim ◽  
Tayyab Husnain
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Transgene Expression ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Rubisco Small Subunit ◽  
Green Tissue ◽  
Study Gene Expression ◽  
Tissue Specific Promoter

Plant genetic transformation is a powerful application used to study gene expression in plants. Transcriptomics has the potential to rapidly increase our knowledge of spatial and temporal gene expression and lead to new promoters for research and development. The availability of a broad spectrum of promoters with the ability to regulate the temporal and spatial expression patterns of transgenes can increase the successful application of transgenic technology. A variety of promoters is necessary at all levels of genetic engineering in plants, from basic research, to the development of economically viable crops and plant commodities, it can address legitimate concerns raised about the safety and containment of transgenic plants in the environment. Compared with temporal- or spatial-specific expression of a toxin, constitutive expression of foreign proteins in transgenic plants can cause adverse effects. The constitutive overexpression of transgenes that interferes with normal processes in a plant underscores the need for refinement of transgene expression. The development of tissue-specific promoters to drive transgene expression has helped fulfill that need. Therefore, in certain circumstances it is desirable to use expression-specific promoters which only express the foreign gene in specific plant tissues or organs. This review highlights the uses and benefits reaped by the use of green tissue-specific promoter for the RuBisCo small subunit in different crops and systems and thus establishing a broad range of tissue-specific promoters. Such plant promoters that are activated precisely when and where they are needed would be ideal for genetic engineering strategies.

Sugarcane genetic engineering research in South Africa: From gene discovery to transgene expression

Sugar Tech ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Watt ◽  
D. L. Sweby ◽  
B. A. M. Potier ◽  
S. J. Snyman
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Transgene Expression ◽  
Gene Discovery ◽  
Engineering Research

scholarly journals An Overview of the Importance of Bacterial Elements for Plant Genetic Engineering

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
da Cunha NB ◽  
◽  
Leite ML ◽  
de Loiola Costa LS ◽  
Cunha VA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Plant Genetic Engineering ◽  
Bacterial Plasmids ◽  
Industry Sectors

Plant genetic engineering is one of the most important aspects of biotechnology applied to plant systems. The stable introduction of exogenous genetic material in plant cells is a determining step for obtaining transgenic plants. In this context, bacteria are crucial for the development of transgenic plants. Gene cloning often involves the use of bacterial plasmids and DNAmodifying enzymes synthesized in genetically modified bacteria. In addition, among the several methods of introducing genes into plants, the method that uses Agrobacterium tumefaciens continues to be used to obtain genetically modified plants for the agricultural, pharmaceutical and materials industry sectors. This minireview aims to present the basic aspects of bacterial elements related gene manipulation for obtaining transgenic plants.

scholarly journals Endeavours of RuBisCO small subunit promoter as a tool of green tissue specific expression

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bakhsh ◽  
T. Husnain
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Transgene Expression ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Foreign Gene ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Rubisco Small Subunit ◽  
Green Tissue

Transcriptomics has the potential to rapidly increase our knowledge of spatial and temporal gene expression and contributes to the characterization of new promoters for research and development. The successful application of transgenic technology has been further strengthened by the availability of a broad spectrum of promoters having the ability to regulate the temporal and spatial expression patterns of the transgene. A variety of promoters is necessary at all levels of genetic engineering in plants, from basic research discoveries, to development of economically viable crops and plant commodities, to addressing legitimate concerns raised about the safety and containment of transgenic plants in the environment. Compared with the temporal- or spatial-specific expression of the toxin, constitutive expression of foreign proteins in transgenic plants may cause adverse effects. Constitutive overexpression of transgenes that interfere with normal processes in a plant underscores the need for refinement of transgene expression. The development of tissue-specific promoters to drive transgene expression has helped us to fulfil that need. Therefore, in certain circumstances, it is desirable to use expression-specific promoters which express only the foreign gene in specific plant tissues or organs. This review highlights the uses and benefits reaped by researchers by using a green tissue specific promoter, RuBisCO small subunit promoter, in different crops and systems and thus establishing a broad range of tissue specific promoters. Such plant promoters that are activated precisely when and where they are needed would be ideal for genetic engineering strategies.

scholarly journals GhKWL1 Upregulates GhERF105 but Its Function Is Impaired by Binding with VdISC1, a Pathogenic Effector of Verticillium dahliae

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7328
Author(s):  
Yang Chen ◽  
Mi Zhang ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Xiaohan Yu ◽  
Xianbi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Verticillium Wilt ◽  
Verticillium Dahliae ◽  
Defense Response ◽  
Upland Cotton ◽  
Effector Protein ◽  
Positive Regulator ◽  
Its Gene

Verticillium wilt, caused by Verticillium dahliae, is a devastating disease for many important crops, including cotton. Kiwellins (KWLs), a group of cysteine-rich proteins synthesized in many plants, have been shown to be involved in response to various phytopathogens. To evaluate genes for their function in resistance to Verticillium wilt, we investigated KWL homologs in cotton. Thirty-five KWL genes (GhKWLs) were identified from the genome of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Among them, GhKWL1 was shown to be localized in nucleus and cytosol, and its gene expression is induced by the infection of V. dahliae. We revealed that GhKWL1 was a positive regulator of GhERF105. Silencing of GhKWL1 resulted in a decrease, whereas overexpression led to an increase in resistance of transgenic plants to Verticillium wilt. Interestingly, through binding to GhKWL1, the pathogenic effector protein VdISC1 produced by V. dahliae could impair the defense response mediated by GhKWL1. Therefore, our study suggests there is a GhKWL1-mediated defense response in cotton, which can be hijacked by V. dahliae through the interaction of VdISC1 with GhKWL1.

scholarly journals The CD11b promoter directs high-level expression of reporter genes in macrophages in transgenic mice [published erratum appears in Blood 1995 Apr 1;85(7):1983]

Blood ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Dziennis ◽  
RA Van Etten ◽  
HL Pahl ◽  
DL Morris ◽  
TL Rothstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Transgene Expression ◽  
Heterologous Gene Expression ◽  
Myeloid Cells ◽  
Reporter Genes ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
High Level

Abstract CD11b is the alpha chain of the Mac-1 integrin and is preferentially expressed in myeloid cells (neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages). We have previously shown that the CD11b promoter directs cell-type- specific expression in myeloid lines using transient transfection assays. To confirm that these promoter sequences contain the proper regulatory elements for correct myeloid expression of CD11b in vivo, we have used the -1.7-kb human CD11b promoter to direct reporter gene expression in transgenic mice. Stable founder lines were generated with two different reporter genes, a Thy 1.1 surface marker and the Escherichia coli lacZ (beta-galactosidase) gene. Analysis of founders generated with each reporter demonstrated that the CD11b promoter was capable of driving high levels of transgene expression in murine macrophages for the lifetime of the animals. Similar to the endogenous gene, transgene expression was preferentially found in mature monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils and not in myeloid precursors. These experiments indicate that the -1.7 CD11b promoter contains the regulatory elements sufficient for high-level macrophage expression. This promoter should be useful for targeting heterologous gene expression to mature myeloid cells.

scholarly journals Mice Orally Immunized with a Transgenic Plant Expressing the Glycoprotein of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 2031-2037 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Ghiasi ◽  
A. H. Salmanian ◽  
S. Chinikar ◽  
S. Zakeri
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Transgenic Plant ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Oral Immunization ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Knockout Mouse Model ◽  
Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever

ABSTRACTWhile Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) has a high mortality rate in humans, the associated virus (CCHFV) does not induce clinical symptoms in animals, but animals play an important role in disease transmission to humans. Our aim in this study was to examine the immunogenicity of the CCHFV glycoprotein when expressed in the root and leaf of transgenic plants via hairy roots and stable transformation of tobacco plants, respectively. After confirmatory analyses of transgenic plant lines and quantification of the expressed glycoprotein, mice were either fed with the transgenic leaves or roots, fed the transgenic plant material and injected subcutaneously with the plant-made CCHFV glycoprotein (fed/boosted), vaccinated with an attenuated CCHF vaccine (positive control), or received no treatment (negative control). All immunized groups had a consistent rise in anti-glycoprotein IgG and IgA antibodies in their serum and feces, respectively. The mice in the fed/boosted group showed a significant rise in specific IgG antibodies after a single boost. Our results imply that oral immunization of animals with edible materials from transgenic plants is feasible, and further assessments are under way. In addition, while the study of CCHF is challenging, our protocol should be further used to study CCHFV infection in the knockout mouse model and virus neutralization assays in biosafety level 4 laboratories.

Soybean genetic engineering - commercial production of transgenic plants

1990 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 145-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
P CHRISTOU ◽  
D MCCABE ◽  
B MARTINELL ◽  
W SWAIN
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Commercial Production
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