scholarly journals Comparative 2H-labelled α-tocopherol biokinetics in plasma, lipoproteins, erythrocytes, platelets and lymphocytes in normolipidaemic males

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne M. Jeanes ◽  
Wendy L. Hall ◽  
John K. Lodge
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Plasma Lipoproteins ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Blood Components ◽  
Standard Meal ◽  
Biokinetic Parameters ◽  
Initial Peak

The biokinetics of newly absorbed vitamin E in blood components was investigated in normolipidaemic males. Subjects (n 12) ingested encapsulated 150 mg 2H-labelled RRR-α-tocopheryl acetate with a standard meal. Blood was collected at 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 and 48 h post-ingestion. 2H-Labelled and pre-existing unlabelled α-tocopherol (α-T) was determined in plasma, lipoproteins, erythrocytes, platelets and lymphocytes by LC–MS. In all blood components, labelled α-T concentration significantly increased while unlabelled decreased following ingestion (P<0·0001). Significant differences in labelled α-T biokinetic parameters were found between lipoproteins. Time of maximum concentration was significantly lower in chylomicrons, while VLDL had a significantly greater maximum α-T concentration and area under the curve (AUC) (P<0·05). The largest variability occurred in chylomicron α-T transport. Erythrocyte labelled α-T concentrations increased gradually up to 24 h while α-T enrichment of platelets and lymphocytes was slower, plateauing at 48 h. Platelet enrichment with labelled α-T was biphasic, the initial peak coinciding with the labelled α-T peak in chylomicrons. Erythrocyte and HDL AUC were significantly correlated (P<0·005), as was platelet and HDL AUC (P<0·05). There was a lower turnover of pre-existing α-T in platelets and lymphocytes (maximum 25 % labelled α-T) compared to plasma and erythrocytes (maximum 45 % labelled α-T). These data indicate that different processes exist in the uptake and turnover of α-T by blood components and that chylomicron α-T transport is a major determinant of inter-individual variation in vitamin E response. This is important for the understanding of α-T transport and uptake into tissues.

scholarly journals Bioequivalence Study of Two Multivitamin Formulations Containing Vitamin E and Folate in Healthy Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1331-1331
Author(s):  
Kelly Zhang ◽  
William Hooper ◽  
Andrew Wong ◽  
Malkanthi Evans ◽  
Najla Guthrie Guthrie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Bioequivalence Study ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Previous Pilot Study

Abstract Objectives Bioequivalence of vitamin E and folate in a single oral dose multivitamin (MVI) gummy or tablet. Methods This crossover clinical trial involved healthy adults randomized to either gummy or tablet MVI containing vitamin E (VE – 279 IU gummy; 239 IU tablet) and folate (1860 µg gummy; 1877 µg tablet) as a single dose in Phase 1 with blood samples collected at pre-dose and 0.5-, 1-, 2-, 4-, 6-, 8-, 9-, 10-, 24-, and 48-hours after dosing, followed by a 2-week washout period. In Phase 2, participants crossed over to receive MVI in the form not previously given, with blood draws at the same timepoints. Maximum Concentration (Cmax), Time of Maximum Concentration (Tmax), and Area Under the Curve (AUC) were calculated for each subject for both vitamin forms. Bioequivalence for AUC, Tmax, and Cmax was defined as a 90% confidence interval (CI) for the gummy to tablet comparator ratio of the geometric mean between 80% and 125%. Results Nineteen participants completed the study. Both gummy and tablet demonstrated absorption for both vitamins. The ratio of geometric means demonstrated bioequivalence between gummy and tablet for both VE and folate with both AUC and Cmax. While bioequivalence was also demonstrated for VE with Tmax, folate absorption peaked earlier in the gummy group (Tmax 1.89 hrs) than the tablet group (Tmax 4.00 hrs), shifting Cmax values in the gummy group to earlier timepoints than in the tablet group without affecting total absorption AUC. These results were consistent with a previous pilot study. Conclusions Overall, under the conditions of this study, both gummy and tablet showed similar absorption of vitamin E and folate. Funding Sources Church & Dwight Co., Inc.

Simultaneous liquid-chromatographic determination of vitamin K1 and vitamin E in serum.

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 2285-2289 ◽  
Author(s):  
B E Cham ◽  
H P Roeser ◽  
T W Kamst
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Vitamin K1 ◽  
Chromatographic Procedure ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Abstract We describe a high-performance liquid chromatographic procedure for the simultaneous measurement of vitamins K1 and E in human serum. Delipidated human serum (free of vitamins K1 and E) was used to make standard solutions of these vitamins, and cetyl naphthoate and alpha-tocopheryl acetate were the internal standards for vitamin K1 and vitamin E, respectively. A simple, novel separation method utilizing liquid-liquid partition chromatography was used as a preparative "clean-up" procedure. Cetyl naphthoate and vitamin K1 (after post-column reduction) were detected by fluorescence, alpha-tocopheryl acetate and vitamin E by ultraviolet absorption. Sensitivity (detection limit) of the assay was 30 pg for vitamin K1 and 5 ng for vitamin E per injection. The method is specific, precise, and more rapid than previously described procedures. Within- and between-assay CVs were 8.1% and 12.9%, respectively, for vitamin K1; 3.5% and 6.0%, respectively, for vitamin E. Analytical recoveries of vitamins K1 and E were 80% and 93%, respectively, from serum and from delipidated serum (standards). The average neonatal serum concentration of vitamin K1 was 83 ng/L, 2.5 mg/L for vitamin E; for normolipidemic adults, the values were 343 ng/L and 7.9 mg/L, respectively, and for hyperlipidemic adults, 541 ng/L and 11.1 mg/L, respectively.

Retrolental Fibroplasia: Further Clinical Evidence and Ultrastructural Support for Efficacy of Vitamin E in the Preterm Infant

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Mintz Hittner ◽  
Louis B. Godio ◽  
Michael E. Speer ◽  
Arnold J. Rudolph ◽  
Martha M. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Gap Junction ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Retrolental Fibroplasia ◽  
Spindle Cells

To further evaluate the efficacy of oral vitamin E in preventing the development of severe retrolental fibroplasia (RLF) in very low-birth-weight infants, 100 infants treated with 100 mg/kg/d of vitamin E (dl-α-tocopheryl acetate) were compared with 75 infants treated with 5 mg/kg/d of vitamin E (dl-α-tocopherol) in the same nursery during the previous year. All 175 infants weighed ≤1,500 g at birth and required supplemental oxygen. A total of 120 infants (69 treatment; 51 control) survived ≥ 10 weeks. Multivariate analysis of the control population identified five risk factors (P ≤ .10): gestational age, level and duration of oxygen administration, intraventricular hemorrhage, sepsis, and birth weight. When multivariate analysis was applied to both control and treatment groups, the severity of RLF was found to be significantly reduced in infants given the treatment dose of vitamin E(P = .003). Ultrastructural analyses of 58 pairs of whole-eye donations from high-risk infants surviving less than 10 weeks suggest that the initial morphologic event is gap junction increases between the plasma membranes of adjacent spindle cells of the vanguard retina. Such extensively gap junction-linked spindle cells are apparently removed from the vasoformative process as early as 4 days of life, forming a barrier to further normal vascular development and triggering retinal and vitreal neovascularizations approximately 8 weeks later. These events are maximally suppressed by elevated plasma vitamin E levels in infants ≥27 weeks gestational age.

scholarly journals Vitamin E in fortified cow milk uniquely enriches human plasma lipoproteins

2001 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
KC Hayes ◽  
Andrzej Pronczuk ◽  
Daniel Perlman
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Plasma Lipoproteins ◽  
Cow Milk

scholarly journals Effect of Different Fat Sources and Vitamin E Isoforms/Levels on Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Pigs Grown to 150 Kg

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kelley ◽  
G. Rentfrow ◽  
M. Lindemann ◽  
D. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Drip Loss ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Dressing Percentage

ObjectivesThe objective was to evaluate the effect of supplementing α- and γ-tocopherol vitamin E isoforms with corn oil and tallow on carcass characteristics and meat quality of pigs grown to heavier weights (>150 kg).Materials and MethodsIndividually fed pigs (n = 72; 36 barrows, 36 gilts; 28.55 ± 1.16 kg) were randomly assigned to 12 dietary treatments in a 2 × 6 factorial arrangement. Fat treatments were tallow and corn oil (5?). The vitamin E treatments included four levels of α-tocopheryl-acetate (ATA; 11, 40, 100, and 200 ppm) and two levels of mixed tocopherols (primarily γ-tocopherol; 40 and 100 ppm). Pigs were humanely slaughtered at approximately 150 kg. 45 min pH was taken at the 10th rib. After 24 h chill (4°C), carcass measurements were taken (carcass length, backfat depth at first rib, last rib, 10th rib and last lumbar, loin muscle area, and 24 h pH at the 10th rib). In addition, wholesale weights from the Boston butt (IMPS #406), shoulder picnic (IMPS #405), loin (IMPS #412), and belly (IMPS #408) and spareribs were recorded. Furthermore, bellies were divided into eight sections and the average depth was taken at each section and the vertical and lateral belly flex was measured. Drip loss was determined by suspending a 1.3cm chop at 4°C for 48 h and purge loss was determined from approximately 2kg vacuum packaged loin muscle sections at 0, 7, 14, and 30d. Objective (Hunter Lab Colorimeter XE Plus) and subjective (NPPC color, marbling and firmness scores) measurements were taken at the 10th rib. Data analysis were performed in SAS by least squares analysis of variance using the generalized linear model as a randomized complete block design. The individual pig served as the experimental unit and results were reported as least square means.ResultsThere were no differences in dressing percentage, 24 h pH, backfat depth, loin muscle area, primal cuts, purge loss, and drip loss between the two vitamin E isoforms. Fat treatments did not affect dressing percentage, 45 min and 24 h pH, backfat depth, loin muscle area, primal cuts, purge loss, drip loss as well as objective and subjective color. Although not significant (P = 0.07), pork from the γ-tocopherol pigs had a lower pH than the ATA treatment. The γ-tocopherol supplementation tended to have a lighter subjective color (P = 0.06) as well as increased L*, decreased a*, and increased the hue angle calculations at 7d shelf-life. The belly depth was greater (P = 0.01) along with higher lateral (P < 0.01) and a lower vertical (P < 0.01) flex for pigs fed tallow.ConclusionIn conclusion, feeding tallow to heavy weight pigs (150 kg) could improve belly firmness. Also, α-tocopherol did not improve shelf-life stability and γ-tocopherol could negatively affect subject and objective pork loin color.

Comparison of Emmerie-Engel Method and Gas Chromatographic Method for Determination of Supplemental α-Tocopheryl Acetate in Feed Concentrates

1987 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-419
Author(s):  
Michael P Labadie ◽  
Charles E Boufford
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Chromatographic Method ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
High Potency ◽  
Gc Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatographic Method ◽  
Official Procedure

Abstract The determination of supplemental a-tocopheryl acetate in high potency vitamin E powders and oils was compared using the Emmerie- Engel method and gas chromatography (GC). The Emmerie-Engel reaction requires saponification, extraction of the saponiflable fracaon, and quantitation by colorimetry. GC analysis requires only an extraction and/or dilution before quantitation. These are represented essentially by AOAC methods 43.147-43.151 (colorimetry) and 43.152-43.159 (GC) for high potency vitamin E concentrates. Each method was statistically evaluated for precision and sample-to-sample reproducibility. Each Emmerie-Engel value was divided by the GC value obtained for the same sample; an average of 1.049 with a coefficient of variation of 2.89% was obtained. It was concluded that (he GC procedure was superior to the Emmerie-Engel method, and ahould be the official procedure for determination of supplemental a-tocopheryl acetate in feed concentrates.

Control of Dietary Energy Level and dl-alpha-Tocopheryl Acetate Treatment Can Improve the Lipid Composition of Lamb Meat

2003 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatori ◽  
Maiorano ◽  
Pantaleo ◽  
Brienza ◽  
Filetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Energy Level ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Lamb Meat ◽  
Total Fat

A diet rich in saturated fatty acids promotes plasmatic cholesterol levels and coronary disease in humans, whereas a high intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids reduces atheromatous plaque thickness. This study aimed at establishing a dietary energy level, which combined with intramuscular vitamin E treatment, would improve the nutritional lipid quality and shelf-life of lamb meat. Twenty male lambs were evaluated in a 2 × 2 factorial experiment: they were fed a low- and normal-energy diet (0.85 and 1.00 UFV NE/kg DM, respectively), and were injected intramuscularly with 0 and 150 IU dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate/weekly for eight weeks. Thereafter, total fat, cholesterol, fatty acid profile, and lipostability were measured in meat samples. Meat total fat was significantly reduced by low energy intake diet and vitamin E administration. Cholesterol was significantly lower in meat from lambs fed the 0.85 UFV NE/kg DM diet. Vitamin E treatment increased linoleic acid percent values and decreased myristic acid levels. Moreover, linoleic acid percentage was inversely correlated with muscle total fat concentration. Meat sensitivity to lipoperoxidation was inversely correlated with muscle vitamin E concentration. This study demonstrates that nutritional characteristics and shelf-life of meat benefit from a low-energy diet and intramuscular vitamin E treatment.

Collaborative Study of the Gas-Liquid Chromatographic Assay for Vitamin E

1972 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 1211-1218
Author(s):  
B C Rudy ◽  
F P Mahn ◽  
B Z Senkowski ◽  
A J Sheppard ◽  
W D Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Pharmaceutical Manufacturers ◽  
Collaborative Studies ◽  
Soft Gelatin Capsules ◽  
Acid Succinate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Abstract A collaborative study for the analysis of vitamin E in multivitamin tablets was conducted and the method was subsequently approved as official first action by the AOAC. Additional data were obtained by an extensive collaborative study sponsored by the Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association, which verified the usefulness of GLC for the assay of α-tocopherol, α-tocopheryl acetate, and α-tocopheryI acid succinate. The mean coefficient of variation obtained from the 8 participating laboratories for duplicate samples, duplicate injections, was ±2.04, 1.75, and 2.71%, respectively. Further collaborative studies were conducted on samples of mixed tocopherol concentrate, multivitamin tablets, and multivitamin soft gelatin capsules. The mean coefficient of variation obtained from 13 collaborators was in the range of ±5%. The accumulated data demonstrate the utility of this technique for improved specificity and reliability of the analysis of vitamin E.

scholarly journals Development, Optimization, and Comparison of Different Sample Pre-Treatments for Simultaneous Determination of Vitamin E and Vitamin K in Vegetables

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 2509
Author(s):  
Antonella Aresta ◽  
Gualtiero Milani ◽  
Maria Lisa Clodoveo ◽  
Carlo Franchini ◽  
Pietro Cotugno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Premature Aging ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Target Analytes

The absence of vitamin E from the diet can lead to cardiovascular disease, cancer, cataracts, and premature aging. Vitamin K deficiency can lead to bleeding disorders. These fat-soluble vitamins are important nutritional factors that can be determined in different methods in vegetables. In this work, the simultaneous determination of α-tocopherol, α-tocopheryl acetate, phylloquinone, and menaquinone-4 by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) has been optimized using both direct injection and solid phase microextraction (SPME). Three different sample pre-treatment approaches based on: (A) solid–liquid–liquid–liquid extraction (SLE–LLE), (B) SLE, and (C) SPME were then applied to extract the target analytes from vegetables samples using menaquinone as internal standard. All the procedures allowed the determination of the target analytes in onion, carrot, celery, and curly kale samples. Similar results were obtained with the three different approaches, even if the one based on SPME offers the best performance, together with a reduced use of solvent, time consumption, and experimental complexity, which makes it the preferable option for industrial applications.

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