scholarly journals Plasma malondialdehyde is induced by smoking: a study with balanced antioxidant profiles

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Lykkesfeldt ◽  
Michael Viscovich ◽  
Henrik E. Poulsen
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Lower Plasma ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Plasma Antioxidant ◽  
Plasma Malondialdehyde

It has been reported that smokers have higher plasma malondialdehyde concentrations compared with non-smokers. However, smokers have also consistently been shown to have a lower intake of fruits and vegetables as well as lower plasma antioxidant concentrations. Since both the latter issues may well influence the malondialdehyde concentration, we wanted to investigate if the observed difference between smokers and non-smokers was a result of differences in antioxidant status or if a more direct effect of smoking could also be isolated. In the present study, the plasma malondialdehyde and antioxidant profiles of a cohort of smokers (n48) and non-smokers (n32) were compared. While there was no significant difference in the major plasma antioxidants measured, i.e. ascorbic acid, α- and γ-tocopherol and uric acid, we found a significant effect of smoking on plasma malondialdehyde (P=0·0003). Consequently, the present study suggests that lipid peroxidation as measured by plasma malondialdehyde is induced by smokingper se. While poor antioxidant status presumably also affects lipid peroxidation, it is only partly responsible for the increased level found in smokers in general.

Physical Fitness and Plasma Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Status at Rest and After a Wingate Test

2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole Groussard ◽  
Guillaume Machefer ◽  
Françoise Rannou ◽  
Henri Faure ◽  
Hassane Zouhal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Wingate Test ◽  
Anaerobic Exercise ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
Plasma Antioxidant ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Lipid Radical

We tested seven physical education students whether 30-s sprint anaerobic exercise (Wingate test) would result in oxidative stress (evaluated by lipid radical levels) sufficient to alter plasma non-enzymatic antioxidant status (plasma uric acid, ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, β-carotene). This study demonstrates that 1) Wingate test increases plasma uric and ascorbic acid concentrations (p < .05), and decreases plasma α-tocopherol and β-carotene levels (p < .05); 2) lipid radical levels at rest and sprint performance are negatively correlated with resting plasma uric acid and α-tocopherol concentrations (p < .05). In conclusion, this study 1) demonstrates that a 30-s sprint anaerobic exercise is associated with acute changes in plasma non-enzymatic antioxidant status, 2) indicates that the subjects with largest leg peak power are those who exhibit the lowest plasma antioxidant status at rest (uric acid and α-tocopherol), 3) and suggests that antioxidant intake by maintaining plasma antioxidant concentration at rest in the normal range might protect athletes against oxidative stress induced by exercise. Key words: ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, β-carotene, uric acid, oxidative stress

scholarly journals Changes in plasma antioxidant status following consumption of diets high or low in fruit and vegetables or following dietary supplementation with an antioxidant mixture

2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian R. Record ◽  
Ivor E. Dreosti ◽  
Jennifer K. McInerney
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Depletion Period ◽  
Dried Extract ◽  
Plasma Antioxidant ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Antioxidant Diet ◽  
Spray Dried

The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of consumption of a high-fruit and vegetable diet, or a spray-dried extract of selected fruits and vegetables of high antioxidant content, on indices of antioxidant status of individuals consuming a background diet with minimal antioxidant intake. Plasma antioxidant concentrations were determined in twenty-five men following a 2-week depletion period during which they consumed self-selected low-antioxidant diets (less than three servings of fruit and vegetables with no tea, coffee, red wine or fruit juice). Following this period the volunteers consumed either a self-selected diet containing five to seven servings of fruit and vegetables/d, or 30 g of a spray-dried supplement designed to provide the equivalent antioxidant activity of five to seven servings of fruit and vegetables for 2 weeks in a crossover trial. Following consumption of a high-antioxidant diet for 2 weeks, plasma concentrations of ascorbic acid, α- and β-carotene and lutein+zeaxanthin were all significantly increased (P<0.05) over the depletion period. However, concentrations of lycopene, retinol and tocopherol were not affected. Consumption of the supplement also raised the concentrations of these same antioxidants in plasma. Despite the increases in the concentrations of measured antioxidant nutrients, the 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid-equivalent antioxidant capacity of plasma, as estimated by inhibition of metmyoglobin activity, was not significantly affected by any of the dietary treatments.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidant Status in Cold Brewed Tea with Respect to Hot Decoction: Comparative Study Between Green and Black Varieties

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (07) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandrima Das ◽  
Sirshendu Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cold Condition ◽  
Ancient Times

Tea is known as nature low calorie wonder drink. Consumption of hot tea decoction became popular from the ancient times. Currently researchers observed that many secondary metabolites that are heat sensitive might get destroyed on heating. Moreover people, who are permanently live at higher altitude or the members of high altitude expedition team, are deprived of various tea brewing facilities like electricity, fuel etc and hence they have to depend on brewing tea at cold condition only for consumption. In this backdrop present study aims at analysis of antioxidants like polyphenols, flavonoids and free radical scavenging activity of cold brewed tea and compared with its hot decoction. The study highlighted that cold brewed green tea harbour more polyphenolics and flavonoids with respect to its hot decoction. However no significant change being observed between hot and cold decoction of black tea. It is also observed that mg Ascorbic Acid Equivalent per cup of cold and hot tea brew has no significant difference and hence both the brews can be consumed for replenishment of antioxidant requirements

scholarly journals The Relationship between Serum Levels of Vitamin C, Uric Acid and Antioxidant status with Coronary Artery Disease: a Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aida Torkzaban ◽  
Seyed Amir Mansour Alavi Naeini ◽  
Akbar Hassanzadeh ◽  
Mehrdad Namdari
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is among the main causes of death in adults. Increase of oxidative stress and defects in antioxidant defense play a major role in endothelium performance and are an effective factor in progress of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study is to measure the serum level of UA and vitamin C as well as the antioxidant status of CHD patients to evaluate their relationship and compare them with the healthy individual.Materials and methods: The present case-control study was performed on 44 cases and 44 controls. Demographic data and anthropometric indices were measured. Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and international physical activity questionnaire were also completed. After 12 hours of fasting, 10 ml blood was sampled from the participants. Uric acid (UA), vitamin C, TAC and MDA were also measured. The data were finally analyzed by SPSS Ver 22 software.Results: A significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of uric acid (P<0.001) and vitamin C (P<0.03). However, mean MDA and TAC showed no significant difference between the two groups. The two groups’ difference in terms of vitamin A, E and beta carotene, zinc and selenium intake was not significant. A significant difference was however detected between the two groups in terms of vitamin C intake (P<0.047). A significant relationship was also observed between the systolic blood pressure and CHD (P<0.028).Conclusion: Our results suggest that increasing of serum uric acid and a decrease in serum vitamin C level can be considered as risk factors for CHD patients. Due to the lack of significant correlation between TAC and CHD in this study, it seems that different results will be obtained with increasing sample size.

Arjunic Acid, a Strong Free Radical Scavenger from Terminalia arjuna

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (01) ◽  
pp. 197-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang-Yun Sun ◽  
Xiu-Ping Chen ◽  
Jin-Hua Wang ◽  
Hai-Lin Qin ◽  
Su-Rong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Significant Difference

This study was designed to investigate the antioxidant and free radical scavenging capacities of arjunic acid, an aglycone obtained from the fruit of medicine Terminalia Fruit. Liver microsomes, mitochondria, and red blood cells (RBCs) were prepared from Wistar rats. The antioxidant capacity was determined by the inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide induced RBCs hemolysis, and RBCs autoxidative hemolysis. The free radical scavenging activity was tested by DPPH method and 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluoresc in diacetate (DCFH2-DA) assay. Ascorbic acid was chosen as the positive controls. Results showed that arjunic acid was a strong antioxidant and a free radical scavenger, more potent than ascorbic acid, in microsomes lipid peroxidation, DPPH, hydrogen peroxide induced RBCs hemolysis, and (DCFH2-DA) assay (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in the RBCs autoxidative hemolysis assay (p > 0.05).

scholarly journals Sevoflurane Induces DNA Damage Whereas Isoflurane Leads to Higher Antioxidative Status in Anesthetized Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thalita L. A. Rocha ◽  
Carlos A. Dias-Junior ◽  
Jose S. Possomato-Vieira ◽  
Victor H. Gonçalves-Rizzi ◽  
Flávia R. Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Antioxidative Effects ◽  
Plasma Antioxidant ◽  
Whole Blood Cells

Taking into account that there are controversial antioxidative effects of inhalational anesthetics isoflurane and sevoflurane and absence of comparison of genotoxicity of both anesthetics in animal model, the aim of this study was to compare DNA damage and antioxidant status in Wistar rats exposed to a single time to isoflurane or sevoflurane. The alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis assay (comet assay) was performed in order to evaluate DNA damage in whole blood cells of control animals (unexposed;n= 6) and those exposed to 2% isoflurane (n= 6) or 4% sevoflurane (n= 6) for 120 min. Plasma antioxidant status was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. There was no statistically significant difference between isoflurane and sevoflurane groups regarding hemodynamic and temperature variables (P> 0.05). Sevoflurane significantly increased DNA damage compared to unexposed animals (P= 0.02). In addition, Wistar rats anesthetized with isoflurane showed higher antioxidative status (MTT) than control group (P= 0.019). There were no significant differences in DNA damage or antioxidant status between isoflurane and sevoflurane groups (P> 0.05). In conclusion, our findings suggest that, in contrast to sevoflurane exposure, isoflurane increases systemic antioxidative status, protecting cells from DNA damage in rats.

scholarly journals Rate of lipid peroxidation in brain and liver tissues and the total antioxidant status of blood plasma in developing chicks

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-202
Author(s):  
N. Balogh ◽  
T. Gaál ◽  
F. Husvéth ◽  
P. Vajdovich
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Plasma Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Plasma Antioxidant ◽  
The Brain

Age-related changes of tissue lipid peroxidation (LPO) of liver and brain, as well as plasma antioxidant capacity of broiler chicken cockerels were investigated. Tissue LPO was characterised by the spectrophotometric assessment of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Plasma antioxidant power was evaluated by the measurement of total antioxidant status (TAS). Newly hatched broiler chicks had similar TAS value (1.19 mmol/l) as newborns of mammalian species. Significant changes (p < 0.05) were observed in the time course of all parameters. Tissue TBARS concentration was higher in the brain than in the liver at hatching, while the latter organ was found to have more effective antioxidant defence during embryonic life. The concentration of TBARS increased up to the 10th day in the liver but only up to the 21st day in the brain, and the former was accompanied by an approximately 50% decrease of plasma antioxidant capacity. This suggests that the liver plays an important role in forming the antioxidant defence mechanisms of the blood plasma in broiler chicks.

scholarly journals Variations in oxidative stress and antioxidant defense level during different phases of hibernation in common Asian toad, Duttaphrynus melanostictus

Biology Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhati Patnaik ◽  
Deba Das Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Protein Carbonylation ◽  
Active Period ◽  
Duttaphrynus Melanostictus ◽  
Steady Level

To assess redox status during hibernation with metabolic depression, oxidative stress parameters and antioxidant defense were assessed during different phases of hibernation including active period, hibernation, arousal, and post arousal period, in the liver and brain tissues of Duttaphrynus melanostictus. We hypothesized low levels of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense during the hibernation period in comparison to the summer active period due to hypometabolism and their subsequent increase during the arousal period following an increase in body temperature and metabolism. Contrary to our hypothesis increased oxidative stress with significantly higher lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, GSSG/GSH ratio, and elevated antioxidants defense consisting of higher catalase activity and high ascorbic acid content to control oxidative stress were found during hibernation. However, GSH and uric acid levels were found low with SOD activities at a steady level during hibernation. Supporting our hypothesis increased oxidative stress with high lipid peroxidation and GSSG/GSH ratio were found during arousal from hibernation owing to increased oxygen consumption and rewarming. Augmented catalase and SOD activities and nonenzymatic antioxidants (GSH, ascorbic acid, and uric acid) level were found to counteract oxidative stress during arousal periods as it was expected. A steady level of protein carbonylation indicating no oxidative damage during arousal from hibernation due to elevated antioxidant defense shows the significance of hibernation to overcome food and water scarcity and cold climatic condition. Decrease in antioxidants levels accompanying coming down of lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and GSSG/GSH ratio to their lower levels during post arousal period showing normalcy in redox status as it was during active period indicates controllability of oxidative stress in hibernating toads.

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