Reduction of allergic airway eosinophilia by dietary raffinose in Brown Norway rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Watanabe ◽  
Kei Sonoyama ◽  
Jun Watanabe ◽  
Natsu Yamaguchi ◽  
Hiroto Kikuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Brown Norway ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Airway Eosinophilia ◽  
Norway Rats

Oral administration of raffinose, a naturally occurring indigestible oligosaccharide, has reportedly ameliorated atopic dermatitis in human subjects although the mechanism is unknown. The present study investigated the effect of dietary raffinose on allergen-induced airway eosinophilia in ovalbumin-sensitised Brown Norway rats as an atopic disease model. Brown Norway rats were immunised by subcutaneous injection with ovalbumin on day 0 and fed either a control diet or the diet supplemented with raffinose (50 g/kg diet). The rats were exposed to aerosolised ovalbumin on day 20, and broncho-alveolar lavage fluid was obtained on the next day. The number of eosinophils in the fluid was significantly lower in the rats fed the raffinose diet than in those fed the control diet. Dietary raffinose significantly reduced IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA levels in lung tissue and tended to lower ovalbumin-specific Ig E levels. Suppression of eosinophilia by dietary raffinose was still observed in caecectomised and neomycin-administered rats, suggesting little contribution by the colonic bacteria to the effect of raffinose. Intraperitoneal administration of raffinose also suppressed eosinophilia. Significant concentrations of raffinose were detected in portal venous and abdominal arterial plasma after the intragastric administration of raffinose. Overall, the findings suggest that dietary raffinose ameliorates allergic airway eosinophilia at least partly via post-absorptive mechanisms in Brown Norway rats.

scholarly journals Modification of CɛmRNA Expression by EBV-Encoded Latent Membrane Protein 1

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Hanashiro ◽  
Shigeto Ohta ◽  
Masanori Sunagawa ◽  
Mariko Nakamura ◽  
Mikio Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Protein ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Latent Membrane Protein ◽  
Brown Norway ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Lmp1 Expression ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Differentiation Status ◽  
Norway Rats

To evaluate the effect of expression of latent membrane protein (LMP) 1 encoded by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) on CɛmRNA expression, mRNA levels were examined by RT-PCR or Northern blot analysis upon transient transfection of LMP1 in the splenocytes derived from Brown-Norway rats with or without immunization with 2,4-dinitrophenyl-conjugatedAscaris suumantigen. Splenocytes were transfected with LMP1 expression vector, pSG5-LMP1, using lipofection method. CɛmRNA levels were considerably increased by transfection with pSG5-LMP1 in the splenocytes derived from the nonimmunized rats; however, CɛmRNA levels were decreased in the splenocytes derived from the immunized rats. CɛmRNA expression in IgE-producing cells are modulated by LMP1, which might depend on the differentiation status of B cells upon exposure to allergen.

scholarly journals Development and Characterization of an Allergic Asthma Rat Model for Interventional Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Périz ◽  
Francisco J. Pérez-Cano ◽  
Maria J. Rodríguez-Lagunas ◽  
Trinitat Cambras ◽  
Santiago Pastor-Soplin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Brown Norway ◽  
Bordetella Pertussis Toxin ◽  
Objective Model ◽  
Norway Rats ◽  
Anaphylactic Response

Allergic asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases of the airways, however it still remains underdiagnosed and hence undertreated. Therefore, an allergic asthma rat model would be useful to be applied in future therapeutic strategy studies. The aim of the present study was to develop an objective model of allergic asthma in atopic rats that allows the induction and quantification of anaphylactic shock with quantitative variables. Female Brown Norway rats were intraperitoneally sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA), alum and Bordetella pertussis toxin and boosted a week later with OVA in alum. At day 28, all rats received an intranasal challenge with OVA. Anaphylactic response was accurately assessed by changes in motor activity and body temperature. Leukotriene concentration was determined in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and total and IgE anti-OVA antibodies were quantified in blood and BALF samples. The asthmatic animals’ motility and body temperature were reduced after the shock for at least 20 h. The asthmatic animals developed anti-OVA IgE antibodies both in BALF and in serum. These results show an effective and relatively rapid model of allergic asthma in female Brown Norway rats that allows the quantification of the anaphylactic response.

scholarly journals Effects of Palm Oil Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction (TRF) and Carotenes in Ovalbumin (OVA)-Challenged Asthmatic Brown Norway Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaida Zainal ◽  
Afiqah Abdul Rahim ◽  
Huzwah Khaza’ai ◽  
Sui Kiat Chang
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Brown Norway ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Norway Rats

Synthetic therapeutic drugs for asthma, a chronic airway inflammation characterised by strong eosinophil, mast cell, and lymphocyte infiltration, mucus hyper-production, and airway hyper-responsiveness, exhibit numerous side effects. Alternatively, the high antioxidant potential of palm oil phytonutrients, including vitamin E (tocotrienol-rich fractions; TRF) and carotene, may be beneficial for alleviating asthma. Here, we determined the therapeutic efficacy of TRF, carotene, and dexamethasone in ovalbumin-challenged allergic asthma in Brown Norway rats. Asthmatic symptoms fully developed within 8 days after the second sensitization, and were preserved throughout the time course via intranasal ovalbumin re-challenge. Asthmatic rats were then orally administered 30 mg/kg body weight TRF or carotene. TRF-treated animals exhibited reduced inflammatory cells in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid. TRF- and carotene-treated rats exhibited notable white blood cell reduction comparable to that from dexamethasone. TRF- and carotene-treatment also downregulated pro-inflammatory markers (IL-β, IL-6, TNF-α), coincident with anti-inflammatory marker IL-4 and IL-13 upregulation. Treatment significantly reduced asthmatic rat plasma CRP and IgE, signifying improved systemic inflammation. Asthmatic lung histology displayed severe edema and inflammatory cell infiltration in the bronchial wall, whereas treated animals retained healthy, normal-appearing lungs. The phytonutrients tocotrienol and carotene thus exhibit potential benefits for consumption as nutritional adjuncts in asthmatic disease.

scholarly journals Allergic Airway Eosinophilia Is Suppressed in Ovalbumin-Sensitized Brown Norway Rats Fed Raffinose and α-Linked Galactooligosaccharide

2005 ◽  
Vol 135 (3) ◽  
pp. 538-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kei Sonoyama ◽  
Hiroshi Watanabe ◽  
Jun Watanabe ◽  
Natsu Yamaguchi ◽  
Akiko Yamashita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brown Norway ◽  
Airway Eosinophilia ◽  
Norway Rats

scholarly journals Restoration of Noradrenergic Function in Parkinson’s Disease Model Mice

ASN NEURO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 175909142110097
Author(s):  
Kui Cui ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Turan Tufan ◽  
Muhammad U. Raza ◽  
Yanqiang Zhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Neuronal Loss ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Gene Therapies ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Dopaminergic Systems ◽  
And Function

Dysfunction of the central noradrenergic and dopaminergic systems is the primary neurobiological characteristic of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Importantly, neuronal loss in the locus coeruleus (LC) that occurs in early stages of PD may accelerate progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons. Therefore, restoring the activity and function of the deficient noradrenergic system may be an important therapeutic strategy for early PD. In the present study, the lentiviral constructions of transcription factors Phox2a/2b, Hand2 and Gata3, either alone or in combination, were microinjected into the LC region of the PD model VMAT2 Lo mice at 12 and 18 month age. Biochemical analysis showed that microinjection of lentiviral expression cassettes into the LC significantly increased mRNA levels of Phox2a, and Phox2b, which were accompanied by parallel increases of mRNA and proteins of dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the LC. Furthermore, there was considerable enhancement of DBH protein levels in the frontal cortex and hippocampus, as well as enhanced TH protein levels in the striatum and substantia nigra. Moreover, these manipulations profoundly increased norepinephrine and dopamine concentrations in the striatum, which was followed by a remarkable improvement of the spatial memory and locomotor behavior. These results reveal that over-expression of these transcription factors in the LC improves noradrenergic and dopaminergic activities and functions in this rodent model of PD. It provides the necessary groundwork for the development of gene therapies of PD, and expands our understanding of the link between the LC-norepinephrine and dopamine systems during the progression of PD.

scholarly journals Aging leads to increased levels of protein O-linked N-acetylglucosamine in heart, aorta, brain and skeletal muscle in Brown-Norway rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert Fülöp ◽  
Wenguang Feng ◽  
Dongqi Xing ◽  
Kai He ◽  
László G. Nőt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Brown Norway ◽  
Norway Rats

scholarly journals Regulation of mdr2 P-glycoprotein expression by bile salts

1997 ◽  
Vol 321 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles M. G. FRIJTERS ◽  
Roelof OTTENHOFF ◽  
Michel J. A. van WIJLAND ◽  
Carin M. J. van NIEUWKERK ◽  
Albert K. GROEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Salt ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Northern Blotting ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Complete Replacement ◽  
P Glycoprotein ◽  
Mrna Content

The phosphatidyl translocating activity of the mdr2 P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in the canalicular membrane of the mouse hepatocyte is a rate-controlling step in the biliary secretion of phospholipid. Since bile salts also regulate the secretion of biliary lipids, we investigated the influence of the type of bile salt in the circulation on mdr2 Pgp expression and activity. Male mice were fed a purified diet to which either 0.1% (w/w) cholate or 0.5% (w/w) ursodeoxycholate was added. This led to a near-complete replacement of the endogenous bile salt pool (mainly tauromuricholate) by taurocholate or tauroursodeoxycholate respectively. The phospholipid secretion capacity was then determined by infusion of increasing amounts of tauroursodeoxycholate. Cholate feeding resulted in a 55% increase in maximal phospholipid secretion compared with that in mice on the control diet. Northern blotting revealed that cholate feeding increased mdr2 Pgp mRNA levels by 42%. Feeding with ursodeoxycholate did not influence the maximum rate of phospholipid output or the mdr2 mRNA content. Female mice had a higher basal mdr2 Pgp mRNA level than male mice, and this was also correlated with a higher phospholipid secretion capacity. This could be explained by the 4-fold higher basal cholate content in the bile of female compared with male mice. Our results suggest that the type of bile salts in the circulation influences the expression of the mdr2 gene.

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