scholarly journals Plasma lipid modifications in elderly people after administration of two virgin olive oils of the same variety (Olea europaeavar.hojiblanca) with different triacylglycerol composition

2003 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 819-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier S. Perona ◽  
Julio Cañizares ◽  
Emilio Montero ◽  
José M. Sánchez-Domínguez ◽  
Valentina Ruiz-Gutierrez
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Cholesteryl Esters ◽  
Minor Components ◽  
Plasma Total Cholesterol ◽  
Virgin Olive Oils ◽  
Olive Oils ◽  
Triacylglycerol Molecular Species

In the present study we examined whether two virgin olive oils (VOO1 and VOO2), of the same variety (Olea europaeavar.hojiblanca) and with a similar composition of minor components but differing in the content of triacylglycerol molecular species, had different effects on blood pressure and plasma lipid levels in a healthy elderly population. Thirty-one participants, aged 84·9 (SD 6·4) years, were asked to participate in the study. No differences were found with regard to blood pressure after both experimental periods (VOO1 and VOO2). However, plasma total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were reduced only after VOO1 (P<0·01). The reduction of plasma cholesterol concentrations was related to the incorporation of oleic acid into plasma cholesteryl esters and phospholipids, which was higher after VOO1 (P<0·01). Indeed, the oleic acid concentration in cholesteryl esters and phospholipids strongly correlated with plasma total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels in all experimental periods studied (r2>0·418,P<0·07), except for phospholipids in VOO1 (P=0·130 for total cholesterol andP=0·360 for LDL-cholesterol). These results have demonstrated that blood pressure and plasma lipids can be modified by the consumption of VOO in elderly people, but that the extent of such modification depends on the composition and amount of active minor components and triacylglycerol molecular species.

scholarly journals The lipoprotein/lipid profile is modulated by a gene–diet interaction effect between polymorphisms in the liver X receptor-α and dietary cholesterol intake in French-Canadians

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Robitaille ◽  
Alain Houde ◽  
Simone Lemieux ◽  
Daniel Gaudet ◽  
Louis Pérusse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Dietary Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Plasma Lipid Profile ◽  
Plasma Total Cholesterol ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipid ◽  
Liver X Receptor Α ◽  
Cholesterol Intake

Genetic and nutritional factors interact together and modulate the plasma lipid profile. We identified variations in the gene encoding the liver X receptor α (LXRα) and investigated their effects on the plasma lipoprotein/lipid profile. We also examined whether the association between cholesterol intake and plasma lipid profile was modulated by LXRα variants. The LXRα gene was sequenced in thirty-five French-Canadian men with high plasma total cholesterol (>5·0 mmol/l) and LDL-cholesterol (>3·5 mmol/l) concentrations. Dietary cholesterol was obtained from a food-frequency questionnaire. The LXRα c.-115G>A, c.-840C>A and c.-1830T>C genotypes were determined by direct sequencing in 732 subjects. Molecular screening of the LXRα gene revealed sixteen variants. Genotypes c.-115G>A, c.-840C>A and c.-1830T>C (rare allele frequency of 14·3 %, 14·2 % and 11·0 %, respectively) were analysed further. Plasma total cholesterol concentrations were higher in carriers of the -115A, -840A and -1830C allele, compared with the -115G/G, -840C/C and -1830T/T homozygotes (P ≤ 0·05). In a model including the c.-115G>A polymorphism, cholesterol intake, the interaction term c.-115G>A × cholesterol intake (mg/d) and covariates, LXRα-115G>A explained 1·8 % and 2·1 % of the variance in total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations (P = 0·02 andP = 0·01), whereas the interaction term explained 2·9 % (P = 0·002) and 2·8 % (P = 0·005), respectively. When subjects were divided into four groups according to the median of cholesterol (290·8 mg) and -115G>A genotypes, high cholesterol intake was associated with higher cholesterol levels in -115A carriers. Similar results were observed for c.-840C>A and c.-1830T>C. These results suggest that cholesterol intake interacts with LXRα variants to modulate the plasma lipid profile.

scholarly journals The importance of blood lipids in the association between BMI and blood pressure among Chinese overweight and obese children

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-yong Zou ◽  
Yi-de Yang ◽  
Shuo Wang ◽  
Bin Dong ◽  
Xiao-hui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Beijing China

AbstractWe aimed to examine the contribution of blood lipids to the association between BMI and blood pressure (BP) in children with overweight and obesity. Data were collected in elementary and high schools of Chaoyang District, Beijing, China in 2012. Participants’ weight, height, BP and fasting plasma lipid profile were measured by standard protocols. Mediation analysis was used to examine the mediation role of blood lipids on the relation between BMI and BP, with age included as a covariate. We found that in boys 8·29 % (mediation effect=0·106, P=0·012) of the association between BMI and systolic BP was mediated through TAG. TAG mediated 12·53 % (mediation effect=0·093, P=0·018) and LDL-cholesterol mediated 7·75 % (mediation effect=0·57, P=0·046) of the association between BMI and diastolic BP was mediated by TAG and LDL-cholesterol, respectively. However, blood lipids did not show the mediation effect in girls. Our findings suggested that there was a sex difference in the contribution of blood lipids to the association between BMI and BP. Controlling TAG or LDL-cholesterol may be beneficial for reducing the risk of the BMI-related high BP in overweight boys; however, this outcome is not the case when controlling TAG or LDL-cholesterol in girls. This study may provide clues to explore the underlying mechanism of the association between obesity and hypertension.

scholarly journals Associations of eating frequency with adiposity measures, blood lipid profiles and blood pressure in British children and adolescents

2014 ◽  
Vol 111 (12) ◽  
pp. 2176-2183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kentaro Murakami ◽  
M. Barbara E. Livingstone
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Eating Frequency ◽  
British Children

Several epidemiological studies in adults have suggested a favourable effect of frequent eating on blood lipid profiles, but evidence in younger populations is lacking. In the present cross-sectional study, we examined the associations of eating frequency (EF) with metabolic risk factors in British children aged 4–10 years (n818) and adolescents aged 11–18 years (n818). Dietary intake was assessed using a 7 d weighed dietary record. EF was calculated based on all eating occasions, except for those providing < 210 kJ of energy. Metabolic risk factors examined were total, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations, TAG concentration, BMIz-score, waist:height ratio (WHtR; only adolescents), and systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Adjustment was made for age, sex, social class, physical activity levels, intakes of protein, fat, total sugar and dietary fibre, ratio of reported energy intake to estimated energy requirement (EI:EER) and BMIz-score (except for BMIz-score and WHtR). In children, EF was inversely associated with total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations (n324,P= 0·01 and 0·04, respectively). Conversely, EF was positively associated with BMIz-score in adolescents (P= 0·004). There were no associations between EF and other metabolic risk factors. In analyses in which only plausible energy reporters (EI:EER: 0·72–1·28) were included, similar results were obtained, except for an inverse association between EF and diastolic blood pressure in children. In conclusion, a higher EF is associated with lower total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations in children but with a higher BMIz-score in adolescents.

PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS, TOCOPHEROLS AND OTHER MINOR COMPONENTS IN VIRGIN OLIVE OILS OF SOME TUNISIAN VARIETIES

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. KRICHENE ◽  
W. TAAMALLI ◽  
D. DAOUD ◽  
M.D. SALVADOR ◽  
G. FREGAPANE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Minor Components ◽  
Virgin Olive Oils ◽  
Olive Oils

scholarly journals Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci That Determine Plasma Total-Cholesterol and Triglyceride Concentrations in DDD/Sgn and C57BL/6J Inbred Mice

Cholesterol ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-ichi Suto ◽  
Misaki Kojima
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Inbred Mice ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Plasma Total Cholesterol ◽  
Phenotypic Effect ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms

DDD/Sgn mice have significantly higher plasma lipid concentrations than C57BL/6J mice. In the present study, we performed quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping for plasma total-cholesterol (CHO) and triglyceride (TG) concentrations in reciprocal F2 male intercross populations between the two strains. By single-QTL scans, we identified four significant QTL on chromosomes (Chrs) 1, 5, 17, and 19 for CHO and two significant QTL on Chrs 1 and 12 for TG. By including cross direction as an interactive covariate, we identified separate significant QTL on Chr 17 for CHO but none for TG. When the large phenotypic effect of QTL on Chr 1 was controlled by composite interval mapping, we identified three additional significant QTL on Chrs 3, 4, and 9 for CHO but none for TG. QTL on Chr 19 was a novel QTL for CHO and the allelic effect of this QTL significantly differed between males and females. Whole-exome sequence analysis in DDD/Sgn mice suggested that Apoa2 and Acads were the plausible candidate genes underlying CHO QTL on Chrs 1 and 5, respectively. Thus, we identified a multifactorial basis for plasma lipid concentrations in male mice. These findings will provide insight into the genetic mechanisms of plasma lipid metabolism.

scholarly journals Comparative Studies of Lipid Metabolism in Zebu and British Cattle in a Tropical Environment. II. Blood Lipid Levels of Cattle on Different Diets

1968 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
JC O'kelly
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Plasma Total Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Breed Differences ◽  
Quality Diet ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Blood Lipid Levels

Breed differences in plasma lipid levels were previously reported for cattle grazing near Rockhampton, Qld. The present study investigated the blood lipids of British� and Zebu� type cattle subjected to the same dietary treatments. On high-quality diets only plasma non�esterified fatty acid concentrations were significantly affected (P < 0�01) by level of intake. Plasma total cholesterol, phospholipid, and triglyceride levels were depressed by a low-quality diet which elevated the free: total cholesterol ratio.

scholarly journals Change in cardiovascular risk assessment tool and updated Norwegian guidelines for cardiovascular disease in primary prevention increase the population proportion at risk: the Tromsø Study 2015–2016

Open Heart ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e001777
Author(s):  
Amalie Nilsen ◽  
Tove Aminda Hanssen ◽  
Knut Tore Lappegård ◽  
Anne Elise Eggen ◽  
Maja-Lisa Løchen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Population Proportion ◽  
Total Proportion

AimsTo compare the population proportion at high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) using the Norwegian NORRISK 1 that predicts 10-year risk of CVD mortality and the Norwegian national guidelines from 2009, with the updated NORRISK 2 that predicts 10-year risk of both fatal and non-fatal risk of CVD and the Norwegian national guidelines from 2017.MethodsWe included participants from the Norwegian population-based Tromsø Study (2015–2016) aged 40–69 years without a history of CVD (n=16 566). The total proportion eligible for intervention was identified by NORRISK 1 and the 2009 guidelines (serum total cholesterol ≥8 mmol/L, systolic blood pressure ≥160 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥100 mm Hg) and NORRISK 2 and the 2017 guidelines (serum total cholesterol ≥7 mmol/L, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol ≥5 mmol/L, systolic blood pressure ≥160 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥100 mm Hg).ResultsThe total proportion at high risk as defined by a risk score was 12.0% using NORRISK 1 and 9.8% using NORRISK 2. When including single risk factors specified by the guidelines, the total proportion eligible for intervention was 15.5% using NORRISK 1 and the 2009 guidelines and 18.9% using NORRISK 2 and the 2017 guidelines. The lowered threshold for total cholesterol and specified cut-off for LDL cholesterol stand for a large proportion of the increase in population at risk.ConclusionThe population proportion eligible for intervention increased by 3.4 percentage points from 2009 to 2017 using the revised NORRISK 2 score and guidelines.

Tamoxifen Therapy in Breast Cancer: Do Apolipoprotein E Genotype and Menopausal State Affect Plasma Lipid Changes Induced by the Drug?

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Gaibar ◽  
Gerónimo Fernández ◽  
Alicia Romero-Lorca ◽  
Apolonia Novillo ◽  
Armando Tejerina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Menopausal State ◽  
Apolipoprotein E Genotype ◽  
Profile Change ◽  
Time Point

Objective This study examines the lipid profile change produced in response to tamoxifen (TAM) treatment, and its possible relationship with both apolipoprotein E genotype and menopausal state in patients with breast cancer. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 86 Spanish women with breast cancer before initiating TAM treatment and in the following 6, 12 and 18 months of treatment. Plasma lipid levels (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol) were determined using an automatic analyzer. Genotypes for apolipoprotein E (ApoE) were identified by PCR-RFLP using the HhaI enzyme. Results In all patients, significant reductions in total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations and a significant increase in triglyceride concentrations were observed after 6, 12, and 18 months of TAM treatment compared to baseline (p<0.01 for each time point). In the subset of APOE4-negative patients, triglyceride concentrations also significantly increased after 6, 12, and 18 months of treatment (p=0.019, p=0.045, p=0.001, respectively), while APOE4-positive patients showed no significant lipid changes at 12 and 18 months. However, after 18 months of TAM treatment the overall triglyceride concentrations had risen by 24.75% in APOE4-negative patients vs 29.9% in APOE4-positive patients. In postmenopausal women, significant reductions in total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and LDL/HDL ratios were observed at each time point (p<0.020 for each). Conclusions TAM treatment induced similar plasma triglyceride increases in patients with positive or negative APOE genotype. Compared to premenopausal patients, postmenopausal breast cancer patients showed a more beneficial lipid profile change in response to treatment.

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