scholarly journals Lipid accumulation in obese Zucker rats is reduced by inclusion of raw kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in the diet

1998 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pusztai ◽  
G. Grant ◽  
W. C. Buchan ◽  
S. Bardocz ◽  
A. F. F. U. de Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Kidney Bean ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Obese Zucker Rats ◽  
Fat Diets ◽  
Lectin Content

The effects of inclusion of different levels of raw kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) of high lectin content (27 g/kg meal) in a high-quality (lactalbumin) control diet were tested in nutritional trials on the growth and metabolism of obese Zucker (fafa) rats and their lean littermates in comparison with pair-fed controls. All diets contained 100 g total protein/kg and either 50 g lipids/kg (low fat) or 150 g lipids/kg (moderate fat). The growth of both obese and lean rats on bean diets was retarded by the daily bean intake in a dose-dependent manner. However, most of this was because bean-fed rats contained less body fat than the controls after 10 d. Thus, after feeding low-fat diets containing up to 130 g kidney bean/kg (lectin intake ≤ 0·2 g/kg body weight (BW) per d) in both 10 d and 70 d trials, the bodies of obese rats contained less fat but not protein than their pair-fed controls. Moreover, by increasing the lipid content of the diet to 150 g/kg, the level of bean inclusion could be increased to 280 g/kg (lectin intake ≥ 0·4 g/kg BW per d) without loss of body protein and skeletal muscle. Although these rats contained more body fat than those which were fed on low-fat diets, their weight reduction could be accounted for exclusively by reduced lipid content. In contrast, significant body protein loss occurred when the same diet of high lectin content was fed to lean littermates. Plasma insulin levels were significantly depressed in the obese Zucker rats on bean diets but the pancreas was not significantly enlarged nor its insulin content changed in 10 d trials. However, significant pancreatic growth occurred on long-term (70 d) bean feeding compared with pair-fed controls. The results suggest that, in addition to animal nutrition, it may also be possible to use the bean lectin as a dietary adjunct or therapeutic agent to stimulate gut function and ameliorate obesity if a safe and effective dose-range can be established for human subjects.

Effects of calcium and plant sterols on serum lipids in obese Zucker rats on a low-fat diet

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaskonen T.* ◽  
E. Mervaala ◽  
V. Sumuvuori ◽  
T. Seppänen-Laakso ◽  
H. Karppanen
Keyword(s):  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Plant Sterols ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Obese Zucker Rats

scholarly journals Intramyocellular lipid content is lower with a low-fat diet than with high-fat diets, but that may not be relevant for health

2007 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 1316-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Pierre St-Onge ◽  
Bradley R Newcomer ◽  
Steven Buchthal ◽  
Inmaculada Aban ◽  
David B Allison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Intramyocellular Lipid ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets ◽  
Intramyocellular Lipid Content

Training down-regulates fatty acid synthase and body fat in obese Zucker rats

2002 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1106-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
RUSSELL G. FIEBIG ◽  
JOHN M. HOLLANDER ◽  
DENISE NEY ◽  
RICHARD BOILEAU ◽  
ELIZABETH JEFFERY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Obese Zucker Rats

scholarly journals Serum adipokine profile and fatty acid composition of adipose tissues are affected by conjugated linoleic acid and saturated fat diets in obese Zucker rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 869-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana V. Martins ◽  
Paula A. Lopes ◽  
Cristina M. Alfaia ◽  
Pedro O. Rodrigues ◽  
Susana P. Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Obese Zucker Rats ◽  
Fat Diets ◽  
Pai 1

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been reported as having body fat lowering properties and the ability to modulate the inflammatory system in several models. In the present study, the effects of CLA added to saturated fat diets, from vegetable and animal origins, on the serum adipokine profile of obese Zucker rats were assessed. In addition, the fatty acid composition of epididymal and retroperitoneal adipose tissues was determined and a principal component analysis (PCA) was used to assess possible relationships between fatty acids and serum metabolites. Atherogenic diets (2 % cholesterol) were formulated with palm oil and ovine fat and supplemented or not with 1 % of a mixture (1:1) ofcis-9,trans-11 andtrans-10,cis-12-CLA isomers. CLA-fed animals exhibited lower daily feed intake, final body and liver weights, and hepatic lipids content. Total and LDL-cholesterol levels were increased in CLA-supplemented groups. CLA also promoted higher adiponectin and lower plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) serum concentrations. In contrast to palm oil diets, ovine fat increased insulin resistance and serum levels of leptin, TNF-α and IL-1β. Epididymal and retroperitoneal adipose tissues had similar deposition of individual fatty acids. The PCA analysis showed that thetrans-10,cis-12-CLA isomer was highly associated with adiponectin and PAI-1 levels. Summing up, CLA added to vegetable saturated enriched diets, relative to those from animal origin, seems to improve the serum profile of adipokines and inflammatory markers in obese Zucker rats due to a more favourable fatty acid composition.

scholarly journals Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on body fat and energy metabolism in the mouse

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (3) ◽  
pp. R667-R672 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. West ◽  
James P. Delany ◽  
Patricia M. Camet ◽  
Fawn Blohm ◽  
Alycia A. Truett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Adipose Depot ◽  
Fat Diets

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a naturally occurring group of dienoic derivatives of linoleic acid found in the fat of beef and other ruminants. CLA is reported to have effects on both tumor development and body fat in animal models. To further characterize the metabolic effects of CLA, male AKR/J mice were fed a high-fat (45 kcal%) or low-fat (15 kcal%) diet with or without CLA (2.46 mg/kcal; 1.2 and 1.0% by weight in high- and low-fat diets, respectively) for 6 wk. CLA significantly reduced energy intake, growth rate, adipose depot weight, and carcass lipid and protein content independent of diet composition. Overall, the reduction of adipose depot weight ranged from 43 to 88%, with the retroperitoneal depot most sensitive to CLA. CLA significantly increased metabolic rate and decreased the nighttime respiratory quotient. These findings demonstrate that CLA reduces body fat by several mechanisms, including a reduced energy intake, increased metabolic rate, and a shift in the nocturnal fuel mix.

Dietary fat quality in regular fat diets has minor effects on biomarkers of inflammation in obese Zucker rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Graf ◽  
Stephan W. Barth ◽  
Achim Bub ◽  
Judith Narr ◽  
Corinna E. Rüfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Fat Quality ◽  
Obese Zucker Rats ◽  
Fat Diets

scholarly journals The effect of moxonidine on feeding and body fat in obese Zucker rats: role of hypothalamic NPY neurones

1999 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Bing ◽  
Peter King ◽  
Lucy Pickavance ◽  
Michael Brown ◽  
Dieter Ziegler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Obese Zucker Rats

scholarly journals Effects of calcium and plant sterols on serum lipids in obese Zucker rats on a low-fat diet

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Vaskonen ◽  
Eero Mervaala ◽  
Ville Sumuvuori ◽  
Tuulikki Seppänen-Laakso ◽  
Heikki Karppanen
Keyword(s):  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Plant Sterols ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Obese Zucker Rats

Ca may interfere with fat and cholesterol metabolism through formation of insoluble soaps with fatty and bile acids in the intestine. In the present study, we examined the effects of different dietary Ca levels on the serum lipid profile and cholesterol metabolism in obese Zucker rats fed a low-fat diet. We also tested whether dietary Ca interfered with the lipid-lowering effects of a pine oil-derived plant sterol mixture. Increase in dietary Ca intake from 0·2 to 0·8 %, and further to 2·1 % (w/w) dose-dependently decreased serum total cholesterol (r -0·565, P=0·002, n 27), LDL-cholesterol (r -0·538, P=0·006, n 25), and triacylglycerol (r -0·484, P=0·014, n 25) concentrations, and increased HDL-cholesterol (r 0·478, P=0·016, n 25) and HDL : LDL cholesterol (r 0·672, P<0·001, n 25) in rats fed a 1 % cholesterol diet. Analysis of serum campesterol : cholesterol and sitosterol : cholesterol suggested that Ca dose-dependently increased intestinal cholesterol absorption (r 0·913, P<0·001, n 18), whereas serum desmosterol : cholesterol and lathosterol : cholesterol indicated that Ca dose-dependently increased endogenous cholesterol synthesis (r 0·691, P=0·003, n 18). Therefore, the decrease of serum LDL-cholesterol appeared to be due to Ca-induced increase in the conversion of cholesterol to bile acids. The increase in Ca intake did not interfere with the beneficial effects of plant sterols on serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol concentrations. The high-Ca diet with plant sterol supplementation further increased the HDL-cholesterol concentration and HDL : LDL cholesterol. The present findings indicate that the beneficial effects of dietary Ca on the serum lipid profile during a low-fat diet are dose-dependent, and resemble those of bile acid sequestrants. Increased dietary Ca did not impede the lipid-lowering effects of natural plant sterols.

scholarly journals The effects of dietary fat content on the growth and body composition of lean and genetically obese Zucker rats adrenalectomized before weaning

1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 563-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Fletcher ◽  
N. McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
The Body ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Stock Diet ◽  
Phenotypic Difference ◽  
Body Lipid ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Obese Zucker Rats

1. Lean (Fa/–) and obese (fa/fa) Zucker rats were adrenalectomized or sham-operated at 18 d of age (3 d before weaning). After weaning the rats were fed ad lib. on semi-synthetic diets containing either a low (8 g/kg) or a high (178 g/kg) proportion of fat. Other groups of sham-operated rats were given the same amount eaten by adrenalectomized animals (restricted intake). Rats were killed at 40 d of age.2. Adrenalectomy reduced the body lipid content of lean and obese rats compared with intact animals fed ad lib. or given a restricted intake. Adrenalectomized obese rats contained more body lipid than intact or adrenalectomized lean rats.3. Sham-operated obese rats given a restricted intake had less body protein than similarly treated lean animals and this phenotypic difference was abolished by adrenalectomy.4. There were no effects of diet on growth or body composition of intact or adrenalectomized rats.5. It is concluded that preweaning adrenalectomy prevented development of the obese phenotype when rats were fed on either diet. Comparison of these results with a previous study, in which adrenalectomized Zucker rats were fed on a stock diet (Fletcher, 1986b), showed, however, that feeding either of the semi-synthetic diets caused greater deposition of body lipid in obese rats.

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