scholarly journals The effect of triacylglycerol fatty acid positional distribution on postprandial plasma metabolite and hormone responses in normal adult men

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zampelas ◽  
Christine M. Williams ◽  
Linda M. Morgan ◽  
J. Wright ◽  
P. T. Quinlan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Positional Distribution ◽  
Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Postprandial Lipaemia ◽  
Liquid Meal ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Male Subjects

The present study has examined the possibility that the positional distribution of fatty acids on dietary triacylglycerol (TAG) influences the postprandial response to a liquid meal in adult subjects. Postprandial TAG, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), ketones, glucose, insulin and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) responses were monitored in sixteen normal adult male subjects over 6 h following consumption of test meals containing dietary TAG in which palmitic acid was predominantly on the sn-1 (Control) or sn-2 positions (Betapol). Plasma total TAG, chylomicron-rich TAG and chylomicron-poor TAG concentrations were identical in response to the two test meals. The peak increase (mean (sd)) in chylomicron TAG was 0 85 (0 46) mmol/l after the Control meal and 0 85 (0 42) mmol/l after the Betapol meal. Plasma glucose, insulin, GIP, NEFA and ketone concentrations were also very similar following the two meals. It is concluded that dietary TAG containing saturated fatty acids on the sn-2 position appear in plasma at a similar level and over a similar timescale to TAG in which saturated fatty acids are predominantly located on sn-1 or sn-3 positions. The results reported in the present study demonstrate that the positional distribution of fatty acids on dietary TAG is not an important determinant of postprandial lipaemia in adult male subjects, but do not exclude the possibility that different responses may occur when these dietary TAG are given long term.

The Effect of Total Sleep Deprivation on Cognitive Functions in Normal Adult Male Subjects

2001 ◽  
Vol 109 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dai-Jin Kim ◽  
Heung-Pyo Lee ◽  
Myung Sun Kim ◽  
Yu-Jin Park ◽  
Hyo-Jin Go ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Total Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Male Subjects

The effect of a salmon diet on blood clotting, platelet aggregation and fatty acids in normal adult men

Lipids ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary J. Nelson ◽  
Perla C. Schmidt ◽  
Laurence Corash
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Blood Clotting ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Salmon Diet

Vocal Characteristics of Normal Speakers and Stutterers during Choral Reading

1980 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 457-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin R. Adams ◽  
Peter Ramig
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Vowel Duration ◽  
Spectrographic Analysis ◽  
Reading Condition ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Choral Reading

It is well known that stutterers experience significant decrements in their stuttering when they read or speak in unison with another person. Recently, Wingate suggested that the act of choral reading or speaking prompts the individual who is following the model speaker to emphasize vocalization and its continuity throughout the utterance. This modified vocalization may then be viewed as the immediate cause of the stutterers' reduced disfluency. To evaluate this hypothesis, ten stutterers and ten normal speakers were tested in a control and choral reading condition, In the former, subjects read in their habitual manner. In the latter, subjects read in unison with a recording of a normal adult male. Subjects' oral readings were audio-taped and then submitted to spectrographic analysis. Measures of vowel duration, peak vocal SPL and continuity of phonation were made and then treated statistically. The major findings of this study indicated that across the two conditions, both groups failed to modify their vocal SPL and continuity of phonation, They did, however, alter their vowel durations. The normal speakers increased theirs by a statistically insignificant amount, while the stutterers significantly shortened theirs. The results that pertained to vocal SPL and vowel durations seemed a function of each group's scores for these measures in the control condition as compared to the values for the same measures that were generated by the model speaker with whom subjects read in unison in the experimental condition. These and other findings and interpretations are discussed further relative to Wingate's "modified vocalization" hypothesis.

scholarly journals Positional and Compositional Analysis of Saturated, Monounsaturated and Polyunsaturated Fatty acids in Human Adipose Tissue Triglyceride by 13C NMR

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra N. Torres ◽  
Ludgero Tavares ◽  
Maria J. Pereira ◽  
Jan W. Eriksson ◽  
John G. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Positional Distribution ◽  
Human Adipose Tissue ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Adipose Tissue Triglyceride ◽  
C Nmr

AbstractObjectives and new findings, ends with short conclusion, no referencesThe synthesis and turnover of triglyceride in adipose tissue involves enzymes with preferences for specific fatty acid classes and/or regioselectivity with regard to the fatty acid position within the glycerol moiety. The focus of the present study was to characterize both the fatty acid composition and their positional distribution in triglycerides of biopsied human subcutaneous adipose tissue using 13C NMR spectroscopy. The triglyceride sn2 position was significantly more enriched with monounsaturated fatty acids compared to the sn1,3 sites, while saturated fatty acids abundance was significantly lower in the sn2 position compared to that of sn1,3. Furthermore, the analysis revealed significant positive correlations between the total fraction of palmitoleic acid with both BMI and HOMA-IR scores. Additionally, we established that 13C NMR chemical shifts for ω −3 signals, centered at 31.9 ppm, provided superior resolution of the most abundant FA species, including palmitoleate, compared to the ω −2 signals that were used previously. 13C NMR spectroscopy reveals for the first time a highly non-homogenous distribution of FA in the glycerol sites of human adipose tissue triglyceride and that these distributions are correlated with different phenotypes such as BMI and insulin resistance.

Postprandial Activation of Coagulant Factor VII by Long-chain Dietary Fatty Acids

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (03) ◽  
pp. 369-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
T A B Sanders ◽  
G J Miller ◽  
Tamara de Grassi ◽  
Najat Yahia
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Postprandial Lipaemia ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Coagulant Activity ◽  
Long Chain Triglycerides ◽  
Long Chain

SummaryFactor VII coagulant activity (FVIIc) is associated with an increased risk of fatal ischaemic heart disease (IHD). Several reports have suggested that dietary fat intake or hypertriglyceridaemia are associated with elevated levels of FVII. This study demonstrates that an intake of long-chain fatty acids sufficient to induce postprandial lipaemia in healthy subjects leads to a substantial elevation in both FVIIc and the concentration of FVII circulating in the activated form. Such an increase in FVIIc could not be induced by medium-chain triglycerides. These results suggest that the consumption of a sufficient amount of long-chain triglycerides to induce postprandial lipaemia induces the activation of FVII.

Dietary Changes in Fasting Levels of Factor VII Coagulant Activity (FVII: C) Are Accompanied by Changes in Factor VII Protein and other Vitamin K-dependent Proteins

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (02) ◽  
pp. 239-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
E M Bladbjerg ◽  
T Tholstrup ◽  
P Marckmann ◽  
B Sandström ◽  
J Jespersen
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Dietary Regimen ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Dietary Changes ◽  
Coagulant Activity ◽  
Before And After

SummaryThe mechanisms behind dietary effects on fasting coagulant activity of factor VII (FVII: C) are not clarified. In the present study of 15 young volunteers, two experimental diets differing in composition of saturated fatty acids (C18:0 [diet S] or C12:0 + C14:0 [diet ML]) were served for 3 weeks each. Fasting blood samples were collected before and after the dietary regimen and analysed for triglycerides, FVII:C, and protein concentrations of FVII, FII, FX, protein C, CRP, albumin, fibrinogen, and F1+2. FVII:C was significantly reduced on diet S compared with diet ML. This was accompanied by a decrease in FVII protein, F1+2 and the vitamin K-dependent proteins FII, FX, and protein C. In contrast, no changes were observed in triglycerides, FVII:C/FVII: Ag, albumin and CRP. Fibrinogen was increased on diet S compared with diet ML. Our findings suggest that the change in fasting FVII:C was part of a general change in concentrations of vitamin K-dependent proteins.

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