scholarly journals Effects on liver and serum lipids of dietary supplements of methionine and excess lysine given to previously-starved rats

1983 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoritaka Aoyama ◽  
Kazuhiro Sakaida ◽  
Akira Yoshida ◽  
Kiyoshi Ashida
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Liver Lipid ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Maize Oil

1. The addition of lysine hydrochloride (50 g/kg) to a diet supplemented with methionine (3 g/kg) had no effect on liver lipids when rats (Wistar and Sprague-Dawley) were fed ad lib. for 14 d. However, refeeding a diet supplemented with methionine and excess lysine hydrochloride to previously-starved rats (Wistar) for 6, 7 or 9 d, but not 3 or 4 d, resulted in liver lipid accumulation, mainly triglycerides, which was prevented by the addition of arginine, citrulline, ornithine, adenine, allopurinol or maize oil, but not by guanine, cytosine, thymine or uracil.2. The addition of lysine hydrochloride to a methionine-supplemented diet resulted in reduced serum triglyceride levels after refeeding for 3 or 4 d and reduced serum cholesterol levels after refeeding for 3, 4 or 6 d. Serum lipids were unaffected by refeeding the diets for 7 or 9 d.3. Since hepatic lipid accumulation was preceded by the decline in the level of serum triglycerides, one of the factors responsible for lipid accumulation in the liver might be reduced transport of triglycerides from the liver into the blood.4. When adenine and allopurinol were added to the diet supplemented with methionine and lysine hydrochloride refed for 4 d, there was an increase in serum triglycerides. However, when this diet was refed for 7 d, with the addition of arginine, citrulline, guanine, pyrimidine bases, allopurinol or maize oil, no effects on serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were observed.

Association of Serum Cholesterol and Triglyceride Levels with Agitation and Cognitive Function in a Geropsychiatry Unit

1996 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia A. Orengo ◽  
Mark E. Kunik ◽  
Victor A. Molinari ◽  
Thomas A. Teasdale ◽  
Richard H. Workman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Elderly Inpatients ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluations ◽  
Relationship Of

Several studies have reported an association between aggression and cholesterol levels. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels with aggression and cognitive function in elderly inpatients. One hundred ten patients consecutively admitted to the Geriatric Psychiatry inpatient unit at Houston's Veterans Affairs Hospital received comprehensive evaluations by a multidisciplinary team. Fasting serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were obtained within 3 days of admission. In addition, two geriatric psychiatrists administered the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI). Correlation coefficients were calculated between lipid levels, CMAI total and subscale scores, and MMSE scores. Multiple linear-regression analyses were done to further investigate the relation between lipid concentrations and various confounders. We found no significant correlation between serum triglyceride levels and MMSE, CMAI total, and CMAI factor scores. In addition, we found a significant positive correlation between serum cholesterol levels and physical nonaggressive behavior, and a significant negative correlation between serum cholesterol levels and MMSE scores. We found no relationship between aggressive behavior and serum cholesterol or triglyceride levels. However, an association between high cholesterol levels and agitation exists, which may be mediated by the association between high cholesterol levels and impaired cognition.

scholarly journals Effects of isocaloric exchange of dietary sucrose and starch on fasting serum lipids, postprandial insulin secretion and alimentary lipaemia in human subjects

1972 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. I. Mann ◽  
A. S. Truswell
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Immunoreactive Insulin ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Serum Triglycerides

1. Fasting serum cholesterol and triglyceride, and post prandial insulin secretion and lipaemia were measured in human subjects in a metabolic ward, who were given an ordinary diet (diet 1) in which the sucrose was isocalorically replaced by starch (diet 2) or vice versa. The subjects were nine healthy normolipaemic adult males. In eight of these subjects the effect of sucrose calorie reduction (diet 3) on fasting serum lipids was also studied.2. When starch replaced sucrose, there were no singnificant differences in fasting serum lipid concentrations or immunoreactive insulin or in the insulin response and alimentary lipaemia after a standard mixed breakfast.3. Serum triglyceride concentration fell and cholesterol concentration rose during the period of sucrose (and calorie) restriction.4. After lunch and supper on the first two diets (when different carbohydrates were given) the lipaemic response was larger and the insulin response smaller after meals containing sucrose.5. Thus, there was no difference between concentrations of fasting serum lipids when starch replaced sucrose at 23% total calories, but the concentrations of serum triglycerides were higher after individual mixed meals containing sucrose.6. There were no significant differences in the fatty acid patterns of serum lipids on the different diets.

EFFECT OF PIPERAZINE OESTRONE SULPHATE ON SERUM LIPIDS AND LIPOPROTEINS IN MENOPAUSAL WOMEN

1977 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Isaacs ◽  
C. W. H. Havard
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Gonadal Dysgenesis ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Total Phospholipid ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Oestrone Sulphate ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Lipids And Lipoproteins

ABSTRACT Twenty menopausal women and 2 women with gonadal dysgenesis were treated with piperazine oestrone sulphate 1.5–3 mg daily on a cyclical basis for a period of 6 months. Fasting serum lipids and lipoprotein esterified fatty acid indices (EFI) were estimated before starting treatment and after 3 and 6 months. There were small falls in serum cholesterol (significant at 3 months) and beta-lipoprotein EFI (significant at 6 months). Serum triglyceride and pre-beta-lipoprotein EFI rose significantly at both 3 and 6 months. Serum total phospholipid levels were reduced (significant at 6 months) with most marked changes in the sphingomyelin fraction. Other parameters were not significantly altered.

EFFECTS OF EXERCISE AND A CHOLESTEROL-FREE DIET ON HUMAN SERUM LIPIDS

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Goode ◽  
J. B. Firstbrook ◽  
R. J. Shephard
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Exercise Period ◽  
Small Rise ◽  
And Control ◽  
Caloric Balance ◽  
Male Subjects

Six male subjects were maintained on a diet free of all animal fats for 54 days; carbohydrate intake was increased to maintain an approximate caloric balance. Serum cholesterol decreased progressively to a low plateau over the first 3 weeks, and thereafter showed a small rise, suggesting increased synthesis. Treadmill exercise sufficient to increase daily energy expenditure by a sixth was carried out for 14 days during the phase of increased synthesis. Serum cholesterol levels did not differ significantly between exercised and control subjects, but serum triglycerides decreased significantly (P < 0.05) over the exercise period.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Extracellular Cathepsin D Reduces Hepatic Lipid Accumulation and Leads to Mild Changes in Inflammationin NASH Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tulasi Yadati ◽  
Tom Houben ◽  
Albert Bitorina ◽  
Yvonne Oligschlaeger ◽  
Marion J. Gijbels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Cathepsin D ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Hepatic Lipid ◽  
Metabolic Inflammation ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Accumulation

Background &amp; AimsThe lysosomal enzyme, cathepsin D (CTSD) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a disease characterised by hepatic steatosis and inflammation. We have previously demonstrated that specific inhibition of the extracellular CTSD leads to improved metabolic features in Sprague-Dawley rats with steatosis. However, the individual roles of extracellular and intracellular CTSD in NASH are not yet known. In the current study, we evaluated the underlying mechanisms of extracellular and intracellular CTSD fractions in NASH-related metabolic inflammation using specific small-molecule inhibitors.MethodsLow-density lipoprotein receptor knock out (Ldlr-/-) mice were fed a high-fat, high cholesterol (HFC) diet for ten weeks to induce NASH. Further, to investigate the effects of CTSD inhibition, mice were injected either with an intracellular (GA-12) or extracellular (CTD-002) CTSD inhibitor or vehicle control at doses of 50 mg/kg body weight subcutaneously once in two days for ten weeks.ResultsLdlr-/- mice treated with extracellular CTSD inhibitor showed reduced hepatic lipid accumulation and an associated increase in faecal bile acid levels as compared to intracellular CTSD inhibitor-treated mice. Furthermore, in contrast to intracellular CTSD inhibition, extracellular CTSD inhibition switched the systemic immune status of the mice to an anti-inflammatory profile. In line, label-free mass spectrometry-based proteomics revealed that extra- and intracellular CTSD fractions modulate proteins belonging to distinct metabolic pathways.ConclusionWe have provided clinically translatable evidence that extracellular CTSD inhibition shows some beneficial metabolic and systemic inflammatory effects which are distinct from intracellular CTSD inhibition. Considering that intracellular CTSD inhibition is involved in essential physiological processes, specific inhibitors capable of blocking extracellular CTSD activity, can be promising and safe NASH drugs.

Effect of Dietary Fish Oil on Hyperlipidaemia due to Isotretinoin and Etretinate

1987 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Marsden
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Apoprotein B ◽  
Dietary Fish ◽  
Lipoprotein Composition

Treatment with retinoids results in increased serum triglyceride and cholesterol and reduced HDL-cholesterol; dietary supplementation with fish oil lowers serum lipids. Therefore combining retinoids with fish oil may reduce retinoid hyperlipidaemia. Increased triglyceride due to isotretinoin was reduced by 70% (P < 0.05) and cholesterol by 45% (P < 0.05) after addition of fish oil; placebo oil had no effect. These decreases were not associated with changes in levels of HDL-cholesterol or reduction of increased levels of apoprotein B. Increased triglyceride due to etretinate was reversed after the addition of fish oil (P < 0.01), but cholesterol levels did not change. Therefore fish oil inhibits hypertriglyceridaemia due to isotretinoin and etretinate and reduces increased cholesterol levels due to isotretinoin; this effect is likely to be due to altered lipoprotein composition.

Helicobacter pylori infection, serum triglyceride and serum cholesterol levels: A step atherosclerosis?

1998 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. A218 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Martín-de-Argila ◽  
D Boixeda ◽  
R Cantón ◽  
S Valdezate ◽  
JP Gisbert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

scholarly journals Metabolic Effects of Two Different Doses of Venlafaxine Therapy on Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-199
Author(s):  
Imre Annamária ◽  
Kolcsár Melinda ◽  
Groşan Alexandra ◽  
M Imre ◽  
Dogaru Maria Titica
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
Different Doses

AbstractObjectives: Venlafaxine is an antidepressant, categorized as a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) with suspected metabolic side effects. The aim of our study was to assess these metabolic effects in rats, using two different doses of venlafaxine.Materials: Three groups of Wistar rats have been treated with venlafaxine during seven weeks. The rats have received a daily dose of 10mg/kg (D1) and 40 mg/kg (D2) while the control group (Dc) has received no treatment. Rats were given “ad libitum” access to food and water. The rats were weighted at treatment day 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 and 49. After completion of venlafaxine treatment, the rats were sacrificed, blood was harvested and the following biochemical parameters have been determined from the centrifuged plasma: triglycerides, glucose and total cholesterol levels.Results: Both the 10 mg/kg and the 40 mg/kg dose venlafaxine therapy resulted in a highly significant increase of rat’s weight. Compared with the control group the mean weight of D1 group has increased with 130.5 ±21.79 g (<0.01) while the mean weight of the second group increased with 94±24.16 g (p<0.01). In addition weight gain of D1 group was significantly higher than that of D2 group (p<0.01). Venlafaxine therapy induced significant increase in serum triglyceride levels (140.04±55.46 mg/dL p<0.01, 83.59±52.85 mg/dL p=0.05). This metabolic effect has been shown to be more evident in case of 10mg/kg dose therapy (p=0.03). Simultaneously, serum cholesterol levels have been reduced, however this decrease proved to be significant only in case of group D2 (p=0.03). Despite of increased triglyceride values, glucose levels were significantly decreased in both treated groups (133.33±36.18mg/dL p=0.05, 118.10±51.98 mg/dL p=0.02).Conclusions: Our results suggest that venlafaxine administrated to rats has unwished dose related metabolic effects such as significant increase in weight and hypertriglyceridemia, however serum cholesterol and plasma glucose levels appears to be decreased by this medication.

scholarly journals Effect of prebiotic fibre supplementation on hepatic gene expression and serum lipids: a dose–response study in JCR:LA-cp rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 103 (11) ◽  
pp. 1577-1584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill A. Parnell ◽  
Raylene A. Reimer
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Lipid Analysis ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Lower Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Dose Response Study

Prebiotic fibres have been proposed to promote weight loss and lower serum cholesterol; however, the mechanisms are not fully understood. The aim of the present research was to identify possible mechanisms through which prebiotic fibres improve serum lipids. Lean and obese JCR:La-cp rats aged 8 weeks consumed one of three diets supplemented with 0, 10 or 20 % prebiotic fibre for 10 weeks. Rats were anaesthetised and a fasting blood sample was taken for lipid analysis. Real-time PCR was used to determine gene expression for cholesterol and fatty acid regulatory genes in liver tissue. Liver and caecal digesta cholesterol and TAG content were quantified. Both doses of prebiotic fibre lowered serum cholesterol levels by 24 % in the obese hyperlipidaemic rats (P < 0·05). This change was associated with an increase in caecal digesta as well as an up-regulation of genes involved in cholesterol synthesis and bile production. Additionally, there was a 42 % reduction in TAG accumulation in the liver of the obese rats with 10 % prebiotic diet (P < 0·05); however, no change in liver fatty acid synthase (FAS). Prebiotic fibres appear to lower cholesterol levels through increased cholesterol excretion in the form of bile and inhibit the accumulation of TAG in the liver through a mechanism unrelated to FAS. These effects appear to be limited to the obese model and particularly the 10 % dose. The present work is significant as it provides insight into the mechanisms of action for prebiotic fibres on lipid metabolism and furthers the development of dietary treatments for hypercholesterolaemia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document