scholarly journals Studies of fatty liver and kidney syndrome in chickens: dynamics of glucose metabolism

1977 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Balnave ◽  
J. Wolfenden ◽  
F. M. Ball ◽  
R. B. Cumming ◽  
R. A. Leng
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Lower Plasma ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Meat Meal ◽  
Lower Plasma Glucose ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Pool Sizes

1. Fatty liver and kidney syndrome (FLKS) was induced in a proportion of a group of 4-week-old chickens by giving a diet of meat meal and wheat; inclusion in the diet of animal tallow for 54 h substantially reduced the occurrence of FLKS.2. Measurements of dynamic aspects of glucose metabolism were made with single injections of [2-3H]glucose which indicated that birds given the ‘FLKS-inducing’ diet and showing physical symptoms of FLKS had significantly lower rates of synthesis of glucose than birds given either the same diet supplemented with tallow or a commercial diet.3. In a second series of experiments glucose metabolism was studied in birds (1) with or without physical symptoms that were given the ‘FLKS-inducing’ diet and (2) birds given the same diet supplemented with tallow or biotin. Affected birds fed the ‘FLKS-inducing’ diet had significantly lower plasma glucose concentrations, pool sizes and synthesis rates than birds fed the same diet and not showing symptoms, or birds fed the supplemented diets.4. It is suggested that the cause of death in birds with FLKS is a low rate of gluconeogenesis during periods without feed which results in a lack of glucose to meet essential functions.

scholarly journals A biochemical explanation for the fatty liver and kidney syndrome of broilers: its alleviation by the short-term use of dietary fat

1977 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Balnave ◽  
R. B. Cumming ◽  
T. M. Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Liver Lipid ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Atp Citrate Lyase ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Meat Meal ◽  
Citrate Lyase ◽  
Liver And Kidney

1. Fatty liver and kidney syndrome (FLKS) was induced in young broiler chickens by giving them a diet composed principally of wheat and meat meal.2. FLKS resulted in reduced growth and increased liver weight; fasting for 18 h increased mortality, liver lipid and the specific activity of hepatic ATP-citrate lyase compared with birds fed on a commercial diet. The specific activities of hepatic fructose-l,6-diphosphate-l-phosphohydrolase and pyruvate carboxylase were reduced in birds suffering from FLKS and fasted for 18 h.3. Feeding of the FLKS-inducing diet supplemented with 150 g animal tallow/kg for 54 h considerably reduced mortality while restoring liver composition and enzyme activities towards those observed in birds fed a commercial diet. Investigations indicated that the glycerol component of the fat was not responsible for the observed responses.4. The present results suggest that in FLKS insufficiencies of biotin are induced in specific enzyme systems, but the syndrome may be alleviated without the use of supplementary biotin.5. The evidence indicates that, when stressed, birds affected by FLKS die from the hypoglycaemia occurring as a result of a reduced capacity for gluconeogenesis.

scholarly journals The development of a biotin deficiency in domestic fowl given wheat-based diets

1975 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Balnave
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Domestic Fowl ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Hepatic Enzyme ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Biotin Deficiency ◽  
Liver And Kidney

1. Studies were done of the possible development of a biotin deficiency in domestic fowl of various ages as a result of feeding with diets composed mainly of wheat, and meat-and-bone meal. The degree of deficiency was estimated from physical symptoms, liver and kidney composition and hepatic enzyme activities.2. Only a mild biotin deficiency developed in 3-week-old chickens and no adverse metabolic effects were found for chickens reared to 7 or 15 weeks of age or maintained for 9 months in lay on these diets, which were suspected of producing fatty liver and kidney disease in young chickens. At 3 weeks of age the deficiency was more severe the heavier the strain of chicken and the greater the rate of body-weight gain.3. The present results question the supposition that biotin deficiency is the sole factor responsible for the development of fatty liver and kidney syndrome in young chickens.

AB0264 Fatty Liver Index Predicts Glucose Metabolism Disturbance in Inflammatory Arthritis Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (Suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 990.1-990
Author(s):  
C. Tripolino ◽  
F. Ursini ◽  
C. Bruno ◽  
K. Nicolosi ◽  
S. Naty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Inflammatory Arthritis ◽  
Liver Index ◽  
Fatty Liver Index

scholarly journals Effects of Oral Vitamin C Supplementation on Liver Health and Associated Parameters in Patients With Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhangya He ◽  
Xiaomin Li ◽  
Hexiang Yang ◽  
Pei Wu ◽  
Shanshan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Hmw Adiponectin ◽  
Liver Health ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now recognized as the most prevalent hepatic disorder worldwide, and an unhealthy lifestyle is the leading risk factor for its occurrence. Vitamin C (VC) has been suggested to protect NAFLD, whereas evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is sparse. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential benefits of VC supplementation daily on liver health and associated parameters in patients with NAFLD. In this double-blind, RCT, 84 patients with NAFLD, aged 18–60 years old, were assigned to 12 weeks of oral treatment with either low (250 mg/day, n = 26), medium (1,000 mg/day, n = 30), or high (2,000 mg/day, n = 28) doses of VC supplements. After the intervention, the Medium group had a more significant decrease in aspartate aminotransferase [Medium, −5.00 (−10.25, −1.75) vs. High, −2.50 (−7.75, 0.00), P = 0.02] and alanine aminotransferase [Medium, −8.00 (−18.00, −1.75) vs. High, −3.50 (−13.75, 4.25), P = 0.05; Medium vs. Low, −3.00 (−9.00, 5.50), P = 0.031]. The levels of other indicators of liver health, such as gamma-glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin were decreased after the intervention but comparable among the three groups and so did the parameters of glucose metabolism, such as fasting insulin, fasting glucose, and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance. The plasma level of VC in patients and total adiponectin and high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin levels were also elevated but not in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, analysis of fecal microbiota composition showed an increase in the alpha diversity (Abundance-based Coverage Estimator (ACE), Shannon, chao1, and Simpson) both in the Low and the Medium groups. A total of 12 weeks of VC supplementation, especially 1,000 mg/day, improved liver health and glucose metabolism in patients with NAFLD. The elevated plasma levels of VC, total and HMW adiponectin, and the improvement of intestinal microbiota may have made some contributions.

Fatty Liver and Kidney Syndrome in Chicks. Effects on Liver and Kidney of Diets Causing the Syndrome

1974 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.C. Whitehead ◽  
D.W. Bannister ◽  
R. Blair ◽  
A.J. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Mediation of β-Endorphin by Ginsenoside Rh2 to Lower Plasma Glucose in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Planta Medica ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dar-Ming Lai ◽  
Yong-Kwang Tu ◽  
I-Min Liu ◽  
Pei-Feng Chen ◽  
Juei-Tang Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Ginsenoside Rh2 ◽  
Lower Plasma ◽  
Lower Plasma Glucose

Activation of opioid μ-receptor by loperamide to lower plasma glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

1999 ◽  
Vol 265 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.-Min Liu ◽  
Tzong-Cherng Chi ◽  
Yun Chueh Chen ◽  
Feng-Hwa Lu ◽  
Juei-Tang Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Lower Plasma ◽  
Lower Plasma Glucose ◽  
Μ Receptor
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